酶法测定人尿中L-瓜氨酸含量

L-瓜氨酸是人体多种疾病的重要检测指标。利用鸟氨酸甲氨酰转移酶和氨甲酰激酶对L-瓜氨酸的专一性作用,建立了一种准确、简便、灵敏的L-瓜氨酸含量酶法测定方法。较为适宜的酶转化条件是:30℃~35℃,pH6~7。固定化酶有较高的稳定性,4℃保存60d后酶活回收率仍高达95%。该方法测定L-瓜氨酸的线性范围为2~10mg/L;工作曲线回归系数r=0.9987;样品回收率达99%以上。     

化学-生物法制备D-精氨酸和L-瓜氨酸

在水溶液中以水杨醛为催化剂,L-精氨酸可以快速消旋为DL-精氨酸．后以DL-精氨酸为底物,利用粪链球菌（Streptococcus faecalis）精氨酸脱亚胺酶对L-精氨酸的专一脱亚胺作用,同时制备D精氨酸和L-瓜氨酸,分别以92．3％,94．2％的产率获得光学纯的D-精氨酸和L-瓜氨酸．     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行：第五讲 金属材料中钨的测定（续）

(2)显色反应要求的酸度钨(Ⅴ)与硫氰酸盐的显色反应宜在较强的盐酸介质中进行。在按方法的溶样条件下,所进行的盐酸对显色反应的影响的试验结果表明,盐酸浓度低于c(HCl)=3 mol·L-1,显色反应速度缓慢,且钼(Ⅴ)的干扰严重,钨(Ⅴ)显色反应的灵敏度也稍低;盐酸浓度大于4.5 mol·L-1,经10 min显色反应可完成,而盐酸浓度达6.0 mol·L-1,经8~10 min显色即完成且灵敏度也比其他较低酸度时略高。按所引方法操作时显色溶液中盐酸浓度约为5 mol·L-1。过高的盐酸浓度(大于6.5 mol·L-1)容易使硫氰酸盐分解,对显色反应不利。(3)钨(Ⅵ)的还原剂与硫氰…     

L-抗坏血酸-2-单磷酸酯盐的研制

为了制备高效价的L-抗坏血酸-2-单磷酸酯,通过单因素及正交实验,对L-抗坏血酸与三偏磷酸钠在无催化剂存在下反应制备高效价的L-抗坏血酸-2-单磷酸酯的工艺进行了研究。结果表明:n(L-抗坏血酸):n(三偏磷酸钠)=1∶0.392、n(L-抗坏血酸)∶n(氢氧化钠)=1∶0.7、n(L-抗坏血酸)∶n(氢氧化钙)=1∶0.8,溶液pH值为9,反应温度为45℃,有效VC含量为41.8%,L-抗坏血酸-2-单磷酸酯的含量为38.3%。该工艺无需催化剂,三偏磷酸钠加入量少,有效VC和L-抗坏血酸-2-单磷酸酯含量高,反应液成冻快,适合闪蒸干燥以及分离提纯化妆品级L-抗坏血酸-2-单磷酸酯盐。     

L-酒石酸正己酯的合成

以甲苯作溶剂,对甲苯磺酸作催化剂,L-酒石酸、正己醇为原料合成了手性选择体——L-酒石酸正己酯。确定最隹反应条件为：L-酒石酸100mmol,n(L-酒石酸)：n(正己醇)=1：2．8,甲苯45mL,对甲苯磺酸0．30g,回流反应．53min,酯化率在99％以上,收率达83％。     

L-半胱氨酸功能化三维石墨烯的制备及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为研究

在常压下制备了L-半胱氨酸功能化三维石墨烯(L-3DRGO),研究了L-3DRGO对MB分子的吸附机理。氧化石墨烯(GO)在常压水浴中与L-半胱氨酸(L-cys)反应后,结构中的含氧官能团被大量去除,L-cys被氧化为胱氨酸,实现了GO的还原和接枝改性,并通过酰胺反应将还原后的GO片-片相连,构建成三维网络结构。L-3DRGO对MB的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,为单层吸附,通过Langmuir等温吸附模型计算得到的相关系数(RL)在0～1之间,增大MB初始浓度可以有效克服固液两相之间的传质阻力,有利于吸附的进行。拟二级动力学模型能更好地描述MB在L-3DRGO上的吸附,当MB的初始浓度为500mg/L时,L-3DRGO对MB的最大吸附量为446.43mg/g。吸附过程的焓变与熵变均为正值,说明L-3DRGO对MB的吸附是一个吸热和熵增的过程。在298～338K范围内,ΔG~0为负值并随温度的升高而减小,说明MB在L-3DRGO上的吸附可自发进行,适当升温利于吸附过程。整个吸附过程均伴随有液膜扩散和颗粒内扩散,吸附速度的主控步骤由液膜扩散转化为颗粒内扩散。     

基于竹膜固定酪氨酸酶的L-酪氨酸光度测定法

提出了将酪氨酸酶固定在戊二醛活化的竹膜上制成检测L-酪氨酸的单元,用于L-酪氨酸的光度测定。此方法系基于在pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中酪氨酸酶催化酪氨酸转化为多巴醌,多巴醌进一步与3-甲基-2-苯并噻唑啉酮腙盐酸盐(MBTH)反应生成栗色加合物。此化合物在490 nm波长处有特征吸收峰,并在此波长所测得的吸光度与L-酪氨酸的浓度在5~200μmol·L-1之间呈线性关系,其检出限(3S/N)为2.5μmol·L-1。应用此方法测定了复方氨基酸注射液中L-酪氨酸的含量,所得结果与该药品的标示值一致。     

新显色剂BPA-TC光度性能的研究及土壤中稀土总量的测定

研究了显色剂偶氮溴膦(BPA TC)与稀土元素的显色反应。在2mol·L-1HCl介质中,稀土元素与BPA TC显色反应的摩尔吸光系数相互较接近。利用此反应性质,测定土壤中稀土总量获得满意结果。     

离子色谱法-光度检测天然水中铬(Ⅵ)

应用离子色谱法测定了天然水中六价铬,给出了试验装置及分析流程的图解。水样经0.22μm滤膜过滤后分取500μL进样,经保护柱(IonPac AG7)及分离柱(IonPac AS7)分离,由流量为0.25 mL.min-1的淋洗液(300 mmol.L-1硫酸铵和120 mmol.L-1氨水的混合溶液)洗脱。洗脱液与以流量为0.15 mL.min-1二苯羰酰二肼显色液在混合器中混合后,在反应圈中显色,在540 nm波长处作光度检测。线性范围在0.02~50μg.L-1之间,检出限(3S/N)为0.010μg.L-1。对一水样作了12次测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.22%。     

酶法生产L-苯丙氨酸体系的液相色谱-质谱联用分离分析

通过对高效液相色谱各主要分离条件以及质谱分析条件的优化,建立了一种有效的液质联用方法分析酶法生产L-苯丙氨酸体系中3种主要成分:L-天冬氨酸,丙酮酸和L-苯丙氨酸.该方法抗干扰能力强,简单、快速、准确、灵敏且重现性好,适用于定性及定量分析实际样品,为生产工艺优化和生产过程研究提供了依据.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.