油气化探样品芳烃分析中干扰因素的识别

通过对全国各大油田典型油气的分析,提出各种油气的三维荧光光谱和固定波长同步荧光光谱特征峰和共性峰。利用三维荧光光谱可以判断油气的属性,油气性质的精细分析尚要依靠同步荧光光谱。钻井过程常常加入磺化沥青或原油,三维荧光光谱可以进行很好的干扰识别;钻遇煤层或含煤层段,根据煤的三维荧光等值线图加以判断。人类活动、化石燃料的不完全燃烧均能造成芳烃的污染,在取样和处理分析数据时应该进行校正。湖相和海相沉积物含有丰富的多环芳烃,采用固定能量同步荧光光谱分析效果更佳。     

用气相色谱仪测定变压器油中气体

本文采用多柱自动切换气相色谱仪和真空全脱气装置对变压器和互感器用油中的气体进行了系统的分析，除可测定油中的氢、甲烷、乙炔、乙烯、乙烷、二氧化碳和一氧化碳等气体外，还可根据不同需要测定氮、氧以及Ｃ３和Ｃ４烃的含量。本方法已用于诊断变压器和互感器内部变化及故障。     

区分动植物油的气相色谱-质谱分析

在实际办案中,经常需要对附着在不同载体上的油脂斑痕进行检验,嫌疑斑痕为何类何种油脂对案件的侦破有重大意义.各个领域的专家对动植物油的成分进行研究的目的各不相同,食品工业中偏重于动植物油的食用价值,医学中偏重研究油脂对身体的益处或危害,而司法鉴定领域,偏重于对常见油类进行定性分析,从而为侦查破案提供线索.     

Hydrotreating of a Vacuum Gas Oil-Heavy Coker Gas Oil Mixture

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - Changes in the chemical composition of the vacuum gas oil in a mixture with heavy coker gas oil in the presence of industrial and laboratory...     

石英Al2O3 PLOT柱在油气化探中的应用

报导了采用石英Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＰＬＯＴ柱分析油气化探样品的组成，在同一色谱条件下，该柱既能用于野外采样后现场直接分析游离烃，又能在室内分析酸解烃。具有分析周期短，重复性好，柱寿命长等优点，为石油勘探取样迅速准确的分析发挥了重要作用。     

油气管道中的残余物研究

油气管道中的残余物,对自然环境及人的健康都造成了很大危害。就油气管道残余物的放射性、物质成分及其危害进行了研究。     

Extraction Refining of Light Vacuum Gas Oil

Highly selective refining of light vacuum gas oil by five-step countercurrent extraction of aromatic and heteroatomic compounds with N-methylpyrrolidone or dimethylacetamide in the presence of low-boiling nonpolar solvents was studied. The resulting refined oil can be used as high-quality raw material in hydrocracking and catalytic cracking.     

变压器油中溶解气体分析专用气相色谱仪的检定与校准

为解决检定变压器油中溶解气体分析专用气相色谱仪时遇到样品进样量计算不准,检测器对甲烷气体标准物质无响应,专用软件分析方法不能更改等问题,建立变压器油中溶解气体分析专用气相色谱仪的检定与校准方法。当进样模式为一次进样双柱分流时,按分流比计算分流到检测器的样品体积,其它进样模式按进样体积计算进样量;因色谱软件禁止积分导致CH_4在热导检测器上无响应时,应采用有证标准物质中的H_2或O_2进行检定与校准。以7890B型专用气相色谱仪为例,详细说明了变压器油中溶解气体分析专用气相色谱仪的检定与校准流程。该法为检定人员检定该类专用仪器时提供了参考。     

Institute Committed to China''''s Natural Gas Exploration

The Natural Gas Institute (NGI), which is locatedin Langfang of Hebei Province, has been contribut-ing to China's natural gas industry with a consid-erable input of skill and dedication. Established in1985 as a sub-research unit affiliated with the Re-search Institute of Petrol Exploration Developmentof PetroChina Company Ltd, NGI's main focus is on     

气相色谱法分析不同提取条件的海狸鼠油脂成分

The fat and oil from myocastor coypus have been analysed by gas chromatography. Eight components were identified with a rapid and reliable method. Chromatographic conditions were as follows:column,10% DEGS on Chromosorb W AW DMCS(60 - 80 mesh),1.3m × 3.0mm i.d.;column temp.,195℃;injection temp.,250℃;detector temp,.250℃;carrier gas N2 with flow rate of 35mL/min.     

留兰香油的气相色谱质量评价

利用留兰香的毛细柱色相色谱的分析结果，提出了以α－蒎烯、β－蒎烯、苎烯、３－辛醇、薄菏醇、薄菏酮和香芹酮７ｆ个物质的量为质量评定指数。根据评定指数的总和值来评价留兰香精油的质量水平，结果与常规评香法基本一致。     

反射式三维全扫描荧光法在石油勘探中的应用

本文提出了一种对于固体样品不要预处理的反射三维全扫描荧光新技术。它具有信息量大。数据准确等优点。本文用它区分岩样类型，研究石油的来源，并成功地用于石油勘探中。     

New Gas Chromatograph Column and Transformation Oven for Transformer Oil Analysis

A new gas chromatograph column and a transformation oven for analysis of transformer oil are described in the present paper. The transformation oven is made using a metallic capillary with the length of 3cm. The analysis of seven compounds, including H₂, CO, CH₄, CO₂, C₂H₄, C₂H₆ and C₂H₂, in the transformer oil be completed with only one column and by only one injection using this method. Figure 1 is the GC chromatogram of seven compounds in the transformer oil. Table 1 shows the transformation rates of CO and CO₂ in different transformation temperatures and column temperatures, respectively. The transformation oven designed has high transformation rate, long life and thus can reduce the cost of the instrument.     

用气相色谱法测定粮谷和油籽中氯苯胺灵残留量

确立了粮谷和油籽中氯苯胺灵残留量的气相色谱测定方法，试样采用甲醇提取，经与正己烷液液分配，再以弗罗里硅土柱净化，毛细管柱气相色谱－氮磷检测器测定。方法简便、准确、检出限０．０２μｇ／ｇ，添加回收率为８７．５－９２．９％，相对标准偏差为３．５－７．０％。     

The Perspective and Challenge of Nanomaterials in Oil and Gas Wastewater Treatment

Oil and gas wastewater refers to the waste stream produced in special production activities such as drilling and fracturing. This kind of wastewater has the following characteristics: high salinity, high chromaticity, toxic and harmful substances, poor biodegradability, and a difficulty to treat. Interestingly, nanomaterials show great potential in water treatment technology because of their small size, large surface area, and high surface energy. When nanotechnology is combined with membrane treatment materials, nanofiber membranes with a controllable pore size and high porosity can be prepared, which provides more possibilities for oil–water separation. In this review, the important applications of nanomaterials in wastewater treatment, including membrane separation technology and photocatalysis technology, are summarized. Membrane separation technology is mainly manifested in ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO). It also focuses on the application of semiconductor photocatalysis technology induced by TiO₂ in the degradation of oil and gas wastewater. Finally, the development trends of nanomaterials in oil and gas wastewater treatment are prospected.     

毛细管气相色谱法测定油中植物甾醇和胆固醇

采用2.0mol/L的氢氧化钾乙醇溶液在85℃水浴上皂化45min，石油醚萃取，毛细管气相色谱法分离植物甾醇和胆固醇的分析方法，讨论并确定了样品皂化的最佳条件。用该法测定了芝麻油中甾醇的含量，相对标准偏差为0.86%-4.13%；回收率为89.59%-103.09%。结果表明：采用该方法具有操作快速、简便、准确等优点。     

Dispersion of Waxy Gas Oil by Some Nonionic Surfactants

Straight chain fatty alcohols having the following number of carbon atoms–C₁₂, C₁₄, C₁₈, and C₂₁–each alcohol were ethoxylated to the same of ethylene oxide content, characterized through average molecular weight and elemental analysis. The surface properties of these compounds were studied through surface tension measurements. The synthesized additives were tested as flow improvers for improving the cold flow properties of two waxy gas oils through pour point test. The results show the right efficiency of these compounds in improving the flowability. Comparative evaluation of the synthesized products with available commercial additive (com) showed their efficiency and suitability to use in gas oils. Wax modification was assisted through photoanalysis. Correlation between wax modification and flow improvement in term of pour point depression appeared to be merely qualitative in such heterogeneous gas oil systems.     

色质联用法分析蜂胶挥发油成分

用色谱／质谱／计算机联用法分析了蜂胶挥发油（吉林产）的化学成分和相对百分含量。分离出５８种化合物，鉴定出２６种化合物，占总量的８６．７９％。