Coordination chemistry of [Cp*Fe(η5-P3C2tBu2)] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) with copper(I) halides – Formation of oligomeric and polymeric compounds

The reaction of the 1,2,4-triphosphaferrocene [Cp*Fe(η⁵-P₃C₂tBu₂)] (1) with CuX (X = Cl, Br, I) in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio leads to the formation of the oligomeric compounds [{Cu(μ-X)}₆(μ₆-X)Cu(MeCN)₃{μ,η²-(Cp*Fe(η⁵-P₃C₂tBu₂))}₂{μ₃,η³-(Cp*Fe(η⁵-P₃C₂tBu₂))}] (X = Cl (2), Br (3)) and [{Cu(μ-I)}₃{Cu(μ₃-I)}₃Cu(μ₆-I){μ,η²-(Cp*Fe(η⁵-P₃C₂tBu₂))}₃{η¹-(Cp*Fe(η⁵-P₃C₂tBu₂))}] (4) revealing Cu(I) halide cages surrounded by 1,2,4-triphosphaferrocene moieties. The reaction of [Cp*Fe(η⁵-P₃C₂tBu₂)] with CuI in a 1:4 stoichiometry leads to the formation of the two-dimensional polymer [{Cu(μ-I)}₄{Cu(μ₃-I)(MeCN)}₂{μ₃,η³-(Cp*Fe(P₃C₂tBu₂))}]_n (5). The oligomeric compounds show dynamic behavior in solution monitored by ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. All compounds are additionally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction.     

Nucleophilic Attack at Pentaarsaferrocene [Cp*Fe(η5-As5)]—The Way to Larger Polyarsenide Ligands

By the reaction of [Cp*Fe(η⁵-As₅)] ( I ) (Cp*=C₅Me₅) with main group nucleophiles, unique functionalized products with η⁴-coordinated polyarsenide (As_n) units (n=5, 6, 20) are obtained. With carbon-based nucleophiles such as MeLi or KBn (Bn=CH₂Ph), the anionic organo-substituted polyarsenide complexes, [Li(2.2.2-cryptand)][Cp*Fe(η⁴-As₅Me)] ( 1 a ) and [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][Cp*Fe{η⁴-As₅(CH₂Ph)}] ( 1 b ), are accessible. The use of KAsPh₂ leads to a selective and controlled extension of the As₅ unit and the formation of the monoanionic compound [K(2.2.2-cryptand][Cp*Fe(η⁴-As₆Ph₂)] ( 2 ). When I is reacted with [M]As(SiMe₃)₂ (M=Li ⋅ THF; K), the formation of the largest known anionic polyarsenide unit in [M′(2.2.2-cryptand)]₂[(Cp*Fe)₄{μ₅-η⁴:η⁴:η³:η³:η¹:η¹-As₂₀}] ( 3 ) occurred (M′=Li ( 3 a ), K ( 3 b )).     

The Missing Parent Compound [(C5H5)Fe(η5-P5)]: Synthesis,Characterization, Coordination Behavior and Encapsulation

The so far missing parent compound of the large family of pentaphosphaferrocenes [CpFe(η⁵-P₅)] ( 1 b ) was synthesized by the thermolysis of [CpFe(CO)₂]₂ with P₄ using the very high-boiling solvent diisopropylbenzene. It was comprehensively characterized by, inter alia, NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray structure analysis, cyclic voltammetry and DFT computations. Moreover, its coordination behavior towards Cu^I halides was explored, revealing the unprecedented 2D polymeric networks [{CpFe(η^5:1:1:1:1-P₅)}Cu₂(μ-X)₂]_n ( 2 a : X=Cl, 2 b : X=Br) and [{CpFe(η^5:1:1-P₅)}Cu(μ-I)]_n ( 3 ) and even the first cyclo-P₅-containing 3D coordination polymer [{CpFe(η^5:1:1-P₅)}Cu(μ-I)]_n ( 4 ). The sandwich complex 1 b can also be incorporated in nano-sized supramolecules based on [Cp*Fe(η⁵-P₅)] ( 1 a ) and CuX (X=Cl, Br, I): [CpFe(η⁵-P₅)]@[{Cp*Fe(η⁵-P₅)}₁₂(CuX)_20-n] ( 5 a : X=Cl, n=2.4; 5 b : X=Br, n=2.4; 5 c : X=I, n=0.95). Thereby, the formation of the CuI-containing fullerene-like sphere 5 c is found for the first time.     

Halogenation of the Hexaphosphabenzene Complex [(Cp*Mo)2(μ,η6:η6-P6)]: Snapshots on the Reaction Progress

The oxidation of [(Cp*Mo)₂(μ,η⁶:η⁶-P₆)] ( 1 ) with halogens or halogen sources was investigated. The iodination afforded the ionic complexes [(Cp*Mo)₂(μ,η³:η³-P₃)(μ,η¹:η¹:η¹:η¹-P₃I₃)][X] (X=I₃⁻, I⁻) ( 2 ) and [(Cp*Mo)₂(μ,η⁴:η⁴-P₄)(μ-PI₂)][I₃] ( 3 ), while the reaction with PBr₅ led to the complexes [(Cp*Mo)₂(μ,η³:η³-P₃)(μ-Br)₂][Cp*MoBr₄] ( 4 ) [(Cp*MoBr)₂(μ,η³:η³-P₃)(μ,η¹-P₂Br₃)] ( 5 ) and [(Cp*Mo)₂(μ-PBr₂)(μ-PHBr)(μ-Br)₂] ( 6 ). The reaction of 1 with the far stronger oxidizing agent PCl₅ was followed via time- and temperature-dependent ³¹P{¹H} NMR spectroscopy. One of the first intermediates detected at 193 K was [(Cp*Mo)₂(μ,η³:η³-P₃)(μ-PCl₂)₂][PCl₆] ( 8 ) which rearranges upon warming to [(Cp*Mo)₂(μ-PCl₂)₂(μ-Cl)₂] ( 9 ), [(Cp*MoCl)₂(μ,η³:η³-P₃)(μ-PCl₂)] ( 10 ) and [(Cp*Mo)₂(μ,η⁴:η⁴-P₄)(μ-PCl₂)][Cp*MoCl₄] ( 11 ), which could be isolated at room temperature. All complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy and their electronic structures were elucidated by DFT calculations.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [ Cp* Ru(η6- C6H5B Ph3)]

The title complex [Cp*Ru(η6-C6H5BPh3)] has been synthesized by the reaction of [Cp*Ru(H2O)(NBD)]BF4 with H2 and NaBPh4, and its crystal structure was determined by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P(1) with a = 11.0610(10), b = 11.2317(10), c = 12.3633(11) (A), α = 81.419(2), β = 67.8370(10), γ = 88.370(2)°, V= 1405.9(2) (A)3,Z= 2, C34H35BRu, Mr= 555.50, Dc = 1.312 g/cm3, F(000) = 576 and μ(MoKa) = 0.577 mm-1. The final R and wR are 0.0559 and 0.1483, respectively for 4365 observed reflections with I ＞ 2σ(Ⅰ). In the title complex, the four phenyl rings bonded to the B atom are deposited in a tetrahedral geometry,and one of the phenyl rings is η6-bonded to ruthenium.     

The Superbulky Pn Ligand Complexes [CpBIGFe(η5−P5)] and [(CpBIGFe)2(μ,η4:4-P4)]—Synthesis and Characterization

Abstract

A new synthesis of [Cp^BIGFe(CO)₂]₂ 3 (Cp^BIG = C₅(4-ⁿBuC₆H₄)₅) was developed starting from Cp^BIGNa and FeCl₂ in the presence of CO. Reaction of this product with P₄ leads to the two new P_n ligand complexes [Cp^BIGFe(η⁵-P₅)] 1b and [(Cp^BIGFe)₂(μ,η^4:4-P₄)] (4) containing the highly sterically demanding Cp^BIG ligand. Depending on the solvent, different ratios of 1b:4 are obtained. The products 1b, 3, and 4 were characterized by spectroscopic methods as well as by X-ray diffraction.     

Preparation and crystal structures of [μ-SbPh2]2[Mo(CO)2(η5-C5H5)]2·CHCl3 and SbPh[Fe(CO)2(η5-C5H5)]2

Antimony is reduced when [SbPh₂BrO]₂ is treated with Na[Mo(CO)₃(η⁵-C₅H₅)] to produce [μ-SbPh₂]₂[Mo(CO)₂(η⁵-C₅H₅)]₂. A structure determination shows diphenylstibido groups bridging between two Mo(CO)₂(η⁵-C₅H₅) moieties giving a central ‘butterfly’ shaped Sb₂Mo₂ ring. The cyclopentadiene rings are trans to each other and Mo–Sb and Sb–Sb separations are both short. An iron analogue could not be obtained from [SbPh₂BrO]₂ and Na[Fe(CO)₂(η⁵-C₅H₅)] but a mixture of SbPh[Fe(CO)₂(η⁵-C₅H₅)]₂ and SbPh₂[Fe(CO)₂(η⁵-C₅H₅)] was obtained using SbPh₂Cl. An X-ray structure for SbPh[Fe(CO)₂(η⁵-C₅H₅)]₂ shows an open stibinidine structure.     

Elucidating structure and dynamics of crystalline α-zirconium phosphates intercalated with water and methanol by multinuclear solid-state MAS NMR: A comprehensive NMR approach

Solid-state NMR experiments on ²H, ³¹P, ¹³C, and ¹H nuclei, including ³¹P T₁, ¹H T₁, and ¹H T_1ρ measurements, as well as on the kinetics of proton-phosphorus cross-polarization have been performed to characterize the crystalline and amorphous α-zirconium phosphates, which were intercalated with D₂O and/or CD₃OD. The ¹³C{¹H} CP MAS NMR experiment performed for compound 1-CD ₃ OD (Zr (HPO₄)₂ ^. 0.2CD₃OD) with carbon cross-polarization via protons of phosphate groups has provided a prove that the methanol was intercalated into the interlayer spaces of this compound. The variable-temperature ²H solid-echo MAS NMR spectra of intercalated compounds demonstrated that the methanol molecules, in contrast to the mobile water, were immobile, keeping, however, free CD₃ rotations around the C₃-axis. It has been demonstrated that the intercalated species, D₂O and CD₃OD, do not affect the high-frequency motions of the phosphate groups. By utilizing local structural models that satisfy the constraints of the experimental data, it has been suggested that the immobile methanol molecules are located in the cavity between two neighboring layers of the zirconium phosphates. Thus, the present work illustrates the reliable criteria in a comprehensive NMR approach to structural and dynamic studies of such systems.     

Penta- and hexaphospha ferrocenes as ligands: crystal and molecular structures of [Fe(η5-P3C2tBu2)2W(CO)5], [Fe(η5-P3C2tBu2)(η5-P2C3tBu3)W(CO)5] and the novel triruthenium carbonyl cluster complex [Fe(η5-P3C2tBu2)2Ru3(CO)10] containing two interlinked η5-P3C2tBu2 ring systems

The lone-pair electrons of one of the two directly bonded phosphorus atoms of the P₃C₂^tBu₂ ring in the penta- or hexaphosphaferrocene complexes [Fe(η⁵-P₃C₂^tBu₂)(η⁵-P₃C₂^tBu₃)] and [Fe(η⁵P₃ C₂^tBu₂)₂] can ligate to other metal centres to afford novel bi- and tetrametallic complexes, whose structures have been elucidated by NMR and single crystal X-ray crystallographic studies.     

Synthesis,crystal and molecular structure of the “slipped” sandwich complex [Ni(η5-P3C2R2)(η3-P2C3R3)] (R = But)

The synthesis of the novel “slipped” sandwich compound [Ni(η⁵-P₃C₂R₂)(η³-P₂C₃R₃)] (R = Bu^t) is described. The mode of attachment of the P₃C₂R₂ and P₂C₃R₃ rings has been determined by NMR spectroscopy and a single crystal X-ray diffraction study.     

Coordination polymer with the framework structure [Zn2(DMA)(Atc)] · DMA: Synthesis, structure, and properties

Crystals of a new coordination polymer with the framework structure, [Zn₂(DMA)(Atc)] · DMA (I), were prepared by heating a solution of Zn(NO₃)₂ · 6H₂O and H₄Atc (H₄Atc is 1,3,5,7-adamantanetetracarboxylic acid) in N,N′-dimethylacetamide (DMA). Colorless crystals of Zn₂(Atc) · 2MeOH · 4H₂O (II) were obtained by soaking the crystals of compound I in methanol. The structure of compound I was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds I and II were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, IR spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and elemental analysis. The luminescence properties of compound I were studied.     

Synthesis and the fluxional behavior of the 30-electron cationic iron-molybdenum triple-decker complex with a central pentaphospholyl ligand, [(η-C7H7)Mo(μ-η:η-P5)Fe(η-C5Me5)]BF4

The reaction of [(η-C₇H₇)Mo(MeCN)₃)]BF₄ with (η-C₅Me₅)Fe(η-P₅) afforded the new 30-electron triple-decker complex [(η-C₇H₇)Mo(μ-η:η-P₅)Fe(η-C₅Me₅)]BF₄. Studies of the temperature dependence of the¹H NMR spectra demonstrated that the resulting compound contains a fluxional cyclohepatrienyl ligand. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 7, pp. 1374–1376, July, 1999.     

DYNAMIC NMR STUDIES ON [Li(3D)] [La(η~3-C_3H_5)_4]

ＹＮＡＭＩＣＮＭＲＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮ［Ｌｉ（３Ｄ）］［Ｌａ（η~３－Ｃ_３Ｈ_５）_４］￥ＦｅｎｇＦｕＬＩ；ＹｉｎｇＴａｉＪＩＮ；ＸｉＴｉａｎＺＨＡＮＧ；ＦｅｎｇＫｕｉＰＥＩ（ＣｈａｎｇｃｈｕｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｐｐｌｉｅｄＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，Ｃｈ...     

Electron transfer in organometallic clusters: XIV. Crystal and electronic structures of the tricobalt carbon cluster (η5-C5H5)Fe[η5-C5H4-CCo3(CO)9] and the biscarbyne cluster (η5-C5H5)Fe[η5-C5H4CCo3(η5-C5H5)3CH]

The crystal and molecular structures of (η⁵-C₅H₅)Fe[η⁵--C₅H₄CCo₃(CO)₉] (1), Pna2₁, α 17.354, b 11.463, c 11.207 Å Z = 4, R = 0.053, R_w = 0.056 for 939 reflections (I>3σ(I)) at 293 K, and (η⁵-C₅H₅Fe[η⁵--C₅H₄CCo₃(η⁵C₅H₅)₃CH] (2), P2₁/n, a 13.807(9), b 11.254(4), c 13.991(9) Å, β 99.98(5)°, Z = 4, R = 0.033 and R_w = 0.033 for 3051 observed reflections (I>3σ(I)) at 180 K, have been determined by X-ray methods.The results provide a detailed characterisation of related tricobalt-carbon complexes directly bound to ferrocene residues. In 1 the ferrocenyl moiety tops the pyramidal CCo₃ cluster core, while in 2 the CCo₃C core is bipyramidal with a ferrocenyl substituent on one capping carbon atom and a hydrogen atom at the other. In both cases the ferrocenyl group is tilted towards one cobalt atom of the cluster core, a distortion believed to be the consequence of the non-degeneracy of the carbyne p(π) orbitals resulting from a cooperative π-interaction between the clusters and the ferrocenyl substituents.     

Selective dilithiation of [Ti(η(5)-C5H5)(η(8)-C8H8)] and subsequent conversion into neutral and cationic ansa-complexes

Selective dimetalation of a sandwich complex featuring the cyclooctatetraene ligand has been accomplished for the first time. The isolation of the dilithiated species 1 subsequently enabled the isolation of a paramagnetic [2]stannatitanoarenophane (2) via salt elimination reaction. Chemical oxidation resulted in the formation of a rare example of a cationic ansa-complex (3).     

Synthesis,structure, electrochemistry,and Mössbauer effect studies of (ring)Fe complexes (ring = Cp,Cp1, and C6H7). Photochemical replacement of benzene in the cyclohexadienyl complex [(η5-C6H7)Fe(η-C6H6)]+

Visible light irradiation of cation [(η⁵-C₆H₇)Fe(η-C₆H₆)]⁺ (1⁺) in acetonitrile results in substitution of the benzene ligand giving the labile acetonitrile derivative [(η⁵-C₆H₇)Fe(MeCN)₃]⁺ (2a⁺). The stable isonitrile and phosphite complexes [(η⁵-C₆H₇)FeL₃]⁺ [L = ^tBuNC (2b⁺), P(OMe)₃ (2c⁺), P(OEt)₃ (2d⁺)] were obtained by reaction of 1 with L in MeCN. The structures of 2cPF₆, [CpFe(η-C₆H₆)]PF₆ (3PF₆), and Cp¹Fe(η-C₆H₆)]PF₆ (4PF₆) were determined by X-ray diffraction.The redox activity of the cyclohexadienyl complexes 1⁺, 2b⁺?2d⁺ has been investigated by electrochemical techniques and compared with that of the related cyclopentadienyl complexes 3⁺ and 4⁺. DFT calculations of the redox potentials and the respective geometrical changes were performed.Variable temperature Mössbauer (ME) spectroscopy has elucidated the relationship between structure and formal oxidation state of the iron atom in these complexes. In the case of 3⁺ an unexpected pair of crystallographic changes has been observed and interpreted in terms of both a second and first order phase transition. The mean-square-amplitude-of-vibration of the metal atom has been compared between the ME and X-ray data. ME measurements in a magnetic field have shown that in 4⁺ the quadrupole splitting is positive as it is in ferrocene.     

New [Ti(η5-C5H5)Cl2(OR)] complexes. Crystal and molecular structure of η5-Cyclopentadienyl(cyclohexoxy)titanium(IV) dichloride

Summary A series of new compounds with molecular formula [Ti(⁵-C₅H₅)Cl₂(OR)] (R=C₆H₁₁ (cyclohexyl,1), CH₂CH(CH₃)₂ (2), CH(C₂H₅)₂ (3), and CH₂C₆H₅ (4)) has been obtained by the reaction of [Ti(⁵-C₅H₅)Cl₃] with the appropriate alcohol. All complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and by IR and¹H NMR spectroscopy. The structure of1 was determined by X-ray diffraction studies; crystal data: triclinic,a=11.334(2),b=13.590(2),c=12.237(2) Å, =113.501(5), =118.182(5), =101.993(6),V=1328.2(4) ų,T=298K, space P1,Z=4, two crystallographically independent molecules in the unit cell. FinalR andR _w values are 0.0583 and 0.0632, respectively. Compound1 exhibits surprisingly short Ti-Cl and Ti-O distances, suggesting strong donation by the chloride and in particular by the alkoxide ligand. The Ti-O-C angle is unusually large.

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Neue [Ti(⁵-C₅H₅)Cl₂(OR)]-Komplexe. Kristall- und Molekülstruktur von ⁵-Cyclopentadienyl(cyclohexoxy)titan(IV) Dichlorid

Zusammenfassung Durch Umsetzung von [Ti(⁵-C₅H₅)Cl₃] mit dem geeigneten Alkohol wurde eine Reihe von neuen Verbindungen der Formel [Ti(⁵-C₅H₅)(OR)] (R=C₆H₁₁ (cyclohexyl,1), CH₂CH(CH₃)₂ (2), CH(C₂H₅)₂ (3) und CH₂C₆H₅ (4)) erhalten. Alle Komplexe wurden elementaranalytisch sowie IR- und¹H-NMR-spektroskopisch charakterisiert. Die Struktur von1 wurde röntgenographisch bestimmt; Kristalldaten: triklin,a=11.334(2),b=13.590(2),c=12.237(2) Å, =113.501(5), =118.182(5), =101.993(6),V=1328.2(4) ų,T=298K, Raumgruppe P1,Z=4, zwei kristallographisch unabhängige Moleküle in der Elementarzelle; abschließendeR-Werte:R=0.0583 undR _w=0.0632. Verbindung1 zeigt überraschend kurze Ti-Cl- und Ti-O-Abstände; dies deutet auf eine starke -Elektronendonorwirkung des Chlorid- und vor allem des Alkoxidliganden hin. Der Ti-O-C-Bindungswinkel ist ungewöhnlich groß.

     

Probing spin density and local structure in the Prussian blue analogues CsCd[Fe/Co(CN)6]·0.5H2O and Cd3[Fe/Co(CN)6]2·15H2O with solid-state MAS NMR spectroscopy

Magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy is used to study the local structure and spin delocalisation in Prussian blue analogues (PBAs). We selected two common archetypes of PBAs (A(I)M(II)[M(III)(CN)(6)]·xH(2)O and M(II)(3)[M(III)(CN)(6)](2)·xH(2)O, in which A(I) is an alkali ion, and M(II) and M(III) are transition-metal ions) that exhibit similar cubic frameworks but different microscopic structures. Whereas the first type of PBA contains interstitial alkali ions and does not exhibit any [M(III)(CN)(6)](3-) vacancies, the second type of PBA exhibits [M(III)(CN)(6)](3-) vacancies, but does not contain inserted alkali ions. In this study, we selected Cd(II) as a divalent metal in order to use the (113)Cd nuclei (I=1/2) as a probe of the local structure. Here, we present a complete MAS NMR study on two series of PBAs of the formulas Cd(II)(3)[Fe(III)(x)Co(III)(1-x)(CN)(6)](2)·15H(2)O with x=0 (1), 0.25 (2), 0.5 (3), 0.75 (4) and 1 (5), and CsCd(II)[Fe(III)(x)Co(III)(1-x)(CN)(6)]·0.5H(2)O with x=0 (6), 0.25 (7), 0.5 (8), 0.75 (9) and 1 (10). Interestingly, the presence of Fe(III) magnetic centres in the vicinity of the cadmium sites has a magnifying-glass effect on the NMR spectrum: it induces a striking signal spread such that the resolution is notably improved compared to that achieved for the diamagnetic PBAs. By doping the sample with varying amounts of diamagnetic Co(III) and comparing the NMR spectra of both types of PBAs, we have been able to give a view of the structure which is complementary to that usually obtained from X-ray diffraction studies. In particular, this study has shown that the vacancies are not randomly distributed in the mesoporous PBAs. Moreover the cadmium chemical shift, which is a measure of the hyperfine coupling, allows the estimation of the spin density on the cadmium nucleus, and consequently, the elucidation of the spin delocalisation mechanism in these compounds along with its dependency on structural parameters.