X射线荧光光谱法测定氧化铝中杂质元素

应用X-射线荧光光谱法测定了氧化铝中11种杂质成分（SiO2，Fe2O3，Na2O，K2O，CaO，TiO2，P2O5，ZnO，V2O5，Ga2O3，Cr2O3）。试样用四硼酸锂和偏硼酸锂作混合熔剂融熔制成玻璃状片形熔块。通过在高纯氧化铝中加入一定量的上述11种元素的纯氧化物配制成中间标准样品，并用此中间标准样品和纯氧化铝作为空白试样组成高、低标，制备了校正曲线。又用此中间标准样品与纯氧化铝按一定比例配制控制样品对分析过程进行质量控制。对所提出方法的精密度进行了考核，结果表明以上11种杂质成分测定结果的RSD值均小于10％。用4种标样对此方法的准确度进行验证，结果表明所得测定值与已知值之间的误差均符合标准规定。     

ICP-AES 法测定我国三个不同地域生长的板栗中20种元素

应用ICP—AES测定了我国三个不同地域生长的板栗中20种无机元素的含量并作了成分的比较研究,对试样的溶解条件及仪器的工作参数也进行了研究和优化。各元素分析结果的RSD值在0．11％～6．9％之间,回收率在95．1％～108．0％之间。     

ICP-AES法测定出口工业硅中11种杂质元素

利用ICP-AES分析技术,对试样溶解方法,元素分析谱线,共存元素干扰,仪器分析参数,无机酸介质影响等因素进行了研究,确定了最佳工作条件,建立了可同时测定出口金属硅中11种杂质元素的简单、快速和适用的分析方法,结果表明,该方法线性范围宽,检出限低,准确性高,操作步骤简单,11个元素测定回收率在85％～105％之间,相对标准偏差在1．9％～8．1％之间。     

粉末直接光谱法测定铝中杂质

提出了粉末光谱法测定Al及Al_2O_3中九个杂质元素的方法。考察了Al_2O_3晶型、制备试样时高温的灼烧对分析结果的影响。加入选择的缓冲剂,提高了方法的稳定性和灵敏度。各个元素的测定下限在0.0001—0.001％之间。相对标准偏差在14％以下。本法的特     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定镁钕合金中3种杂质元素的含量

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定镁钕合金中硅、铝及铜3种杂质元素的含量。选择盐酸(1+1)溶液10mL溶解试样(0.1g),以克服合金的基体元素及其他共存元素的干扰为目标,选择测定上述3种元素的分析谱线依次为251.611,237.313,224.700nm。用0.1g高纯镁及与试样中含钕量近似的钕标准溶液作为基体,加入一定量的硅、铝和铜的标准溶液后,按试样相同的溶解方法处理并定容至100mL。按所选仪器工作条件进行光谱测定,并制作各元素的工作曲线。硅、铝、铜的检出限(3s)依次为0.006,0.002,0.01mg·L-1。对2个样品中的3种元素各测定6次,测定值的相对标准偏差均不大于3.7%。用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率在92.0%~108%之间。     

高纯银中杂质的发射光谱分析——试样中伴随化合物影响的研究

高纯银中微量杂质的发射光谱测定,一般采用两种方法。一种是将金属试样作成自电极,直接进行发射光谱分析;一种是将金属试样处理为硝酸银或氯化银,然后用发射光谱测定其中杂质。本文采用硝酸银粉末直流电弧法测定纯银中微量杂质,在选定分析条件的同时,着重研究了在工作中发现的、用这种方法时试样中伴随化合物产生的影响。本文提出的消除这种干扰的方法,不仅提高了分析准确度,而且改善了很多测定元素的测定下限,一般改善半个至一个数量级。方法可同时测定高纯银中14个杂质元素,测定下限在0.3—10ppm之间。方法准确,变异系数最大不超过20%。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定5XXX系铝合金中的高镁含量

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定5XXX系铝合金中的高镁含量,选择稀王水溶液20ml溶解试样(0.1000g),以消除合金中的基体元素及其他共存元素的干扰为目标,选择测定镁含量的分析谱线为280.270nm。分别称取与分析试样基体近似的三种铝合金标准物质0.1000g,按试样相同的溶解方法处理并定容至100ml,选择仪器工作条件,制作分析曲线,进行曲线校准,按照同样的方法对4个样品各测定6次,测定值的相对标准偏差均不大于0.59%,用标准加入法测得回收率在94.0%~104.0%之间。应用此方法和环己二胺四乙酸分离络合滴定法分别分析了若干5XXX 系铝合金中的高镁含量,测定结果与化学分析方法测定值一致。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定卷烟用纸中铜、砷、钼、镉、铊和铅

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了卷烟纸中铜、砷、钼、镉、铊和铅等6种杂质金属元素。试样用硝酸、过氧化氢及氢氟酸在Multiwave 3000型微波消解仪中消解处理,在所得消解后的溶液中加入硼酸溶液络合过量的氢氟酸。加入含115In及209Bi各20μg.L-1的混合溶液作为内标。上述6种元素在一定浓度范围内与各相应的分析信号值之间呈线性关系,其检出限(3S/N)在0.002～0.16μg.L-1之间。按标准加入法测得方法的回收率在95.3%～113.0%之间。试验了方法的重复性,其相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.9%～4.6%之间。     

微波消解样品-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定植物中9种必需元素

植物样品置于聚四氟乙烯罐中,加入硝酸及过氧化氢后在MARS 5微波消解仪中按设定程序加热消解.样品溶液经定容为一定体积并保持一致的稀硝酸酸度,直接进样进行电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)分析,在选定的优化分析条件下同时测定其9种元素(钾、钙、镁、磷、硼、锌、铜、铁及锰)的含量.包括样品消解在内,分析全过程只需3～4 h.用标准曲线法进行定量,所得各元素的标准曲线均有良好的线性关系.应用此方法分析了一种茶叶标准物质(GBW 07605),所得9种元素的测定结果与证书值相符,各元素测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.3%～4.7%之间.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定新型富钛料中的杂质元素

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定新型富钛料中杂质元素锰、磷、钒、铁、钙、镁、铬和铝的含量。样品用硝酸、盐酸、氢氟酸和硫酸（1+1）溶液消解。对共存元素进行了干扰试验,采用基体匹配和同步背景校正措施消除基体影响。方法的检出限（3s）在0.000 9～0.085 mg·L^-1之间。应用此法分析了新型富钛料试样,测定结果与其它化学分析方法测定值一致。方法的回收率在95.8%～113%之间;相对标准偏差（n=11）小于3.9%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.