芳胺转化为酰芳胺的方法

按照形成酰胺键所用原料分类,可将芳胺酰基化分为羧酸衍生物法、羧酸法和其他方法。羧酸衍生物法主要有酰氯法和酸酐法;羧酸法主要有偶联法、TAPC研磨法、P(OMe)3/I2催化法、纳米MgO催化法;其他方法主要是乙腈法、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺法、Au/HAP催化下的羟基合成法。     

气相色谱中多种死时间测定方法的比较

由烷烃同系物的保留时间计算死时间的方法有多种,常用的并得到认可的有Grobler-Balizs法(G-B法)、Guaradino法(G法)、Peterson-Hirsch法(P．H法)和Ambms法(A法)等。文献[5]已证明A法和G-B法是同一的。本文是文献[5]的继续,将证明A法、P-H法和G法也是同一的。     

电子气体中水分检测方法

介绍冷镜式露点法、阻容法、电解法、转化法、卡尔·费休库仑法、光学法、石英晶体振荡法的检测原理、特点和应用。冷镜式露点法适用于大多数无特殊性质的气体中水分的检测；阻容法响应快，适合在线检测；电解法操作简便、精度高、成本低；转化法针对性强，样品量小；卡尔·费休库仑法检测限低、精度高；光学法检测限低，且适合腐蚀性、有毒气体中的水分检测；石英晶体振荡法具有量程宽的优势，应用广泛。     

水热微乳法合成La(OH)3纳米棒的形貌控制研究

自1991年Iijima发现碳纳米管以来,一维纳米材料如纳米管、纳米线、纳米棒和纳米纤维等由于其具有独特的光、电、磁等性质及其潜在的应用前景而引起全世界的广泛关注,一维纳米材料的制备方法有化学气相沉积法、溶胶一凝胶法、催化剂辅助法、固相化学反应法、模板法、溶剂热法、微乳法和水热,微乳法等,其中水热,微乳法是近年来兴起的一种很有发展前途的制备一维纳米材料的方法。     

纳米TiO_2的制备及其改性和应用研究进展

简要介绍了TiO2纳米材料的制备、改性方法及其应用;其制备方法包括气相法和液相法,液相法又包括溶胶-凝胶法、水热/溶剂热法、液相沉积法和微乳液法;其改性主要包括贵金属沉积、离子掺杂、染料敏化和半导体复合;其应用领域则主要包括光催化、光伏电池和光解水.     

铁元素分析方法的进展

从测定原理、分析方法应用等方面对铁的测定方法如分光光度法、原子吸收法、络合滴定法、氧化还原滴定法、ICP-AES法、ICP-MS法、电化学法、化学发光法、重量法、荧光熄灭法的研究进展进行了综述,阐述了这些方法在矿物、药物、食品、化工产品等铁含量测定的应用.     

稀土发光材料的合成方法

简要介绍了合成稀土发光材料的6种方法,包括水热合成法、溶胶-凝胶法、微波辐射法、燃烧合成法以及共沉淀法。参考文献31篇。     

化妆品车间空气消毒方法效果比较

评价几种消毒方法对化妆品车间空气的消毒效果。分别使用紫外线照射消毒法、甲醛蒸熏消毒法、戊二醛消毒液气溶胶雾化消毒法、臭氧气体发生器消毒法4种方法进行消毒,然后用平皿沉降法进行采样评价分析,试验结果表明,戊二醛消毒法和臭氧消毒法可以代替紫外线消毒法和甲醛消毒法进行化妆品车间空气常规消毒。     

制备方法对CuO-CeO2/Al2O3/FeCrAl整体催化剂结构、粘附稳定性和催化性能的影响

 采用浸渍法、粉末涂覆法、沉积沉淀浸渍法、溶胶高温分解法、原位溶液燃烧法和微乳液法制备了 CuO-CeO2/Al2O3/FeCrAl 整体催化剂, 并运用扫描电镜、X 射线衍射、程序升温还原、超声波振动和热振荡等手段研究了制备方法对活性组分的负载及其分布、催化剂结构、粘附稳定性和催化 CO 优先氧化反应性能的影响. 结果表明, 溶胶高温分解法、原位溶液燃烧法和微乳液法制备的整体催化剂表现出较好的催化 CO 优先氧化反应性能和较高的粘附稳定性.     

微流控芯片中微液滴的操控及其应用

微流控芯片中微液滴的操控方法主要有多相流法、电润湿法、热毛细管法、介电电泳法和气动法;应用范围包括乳化、混合、包埋、萃取、微反应器以及生物鉴定等。论文展望了微液滴的发展前景。     

Applications of Raman spectroscopy in pharmaceutical analysis

As Raman spectroscopy enables rapid, non-destructive measurements, the technique appears a most promising tool for on-line process monitoring and analysis in the pharmaceutical industry. This article gives a short introduction to Raman spectroscopy and presents several applications in the pharmaceutical field.     

二维相关振动光谱技术

从发展历史、计算方程、性质规则等方面系统地介绍了近年来发展起来的二维相关光谱技术.结合各种常见的一维振动光谱, 如红外、拉曼、荧光、近红外-红外等光谱举例阐述了二维振动光谱的优势及其普适性.介绍了在广义二维相关光谱理论上最新延伸发展起来的二维样品-样品相关技术和二维杂化相关技术的基本理论, 并将之与传统的二维变量-变量相关技术(广义二维相关光谱)进行了比较.     

Discrimination of industrial products by on-line near infrared spectroscopy with an improved dendrogram

Near infrared(NIR) spectroscopy technique has shown great power and gained wide acceptance for analyzing complicated samples.The present work is to distinguish different brands of tobacco products by using on-line NIR spectroscopy and pattern recognition techniques.Moreover,since each brand contains a large number of samples,an improved dendrogram was proposed to show the classification of different brands.The results suggest that NIR spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) performs well in discrimination of the different brands,and the improved dendrogram could provide more information about the difference of the brands.     

Application of multivariate data-analysis techniques to biomedical diagnostics based on mid-infrared spectroscopy

The objective of this contribution is to review the application of advanced multivariate data-analysis techniques in the field of mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic biomedical diagnosis. MIR spectroscopy is a powerful chemical analysis tool for detecting biomedically relevant constituents such as DNA/RNA, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, etc., and even diseases or disease progression that may induce changes in the chemical composition or structure of biological systems including cells, tissues, and bio-fluids. However, MIR spectra of multiple constituents are usually characterized by strongly overlapping spectral features reflecting the complexity of biological samples. Consequently, MIR spectra of biological samples are frequently difficult to interpret by simple data-analysis techniques. Hence, with increasing complexity of the sample matrix more sophisticated mathematical and statistical data analysis routines are required for deconvoluting spectroscopic data and for providing useful results from information-rich spectroscopic signals. A large body of work relates to the combination of multivariate data-analysis techniques with MIR spectroscopy, and has been applied by a variety of research groups to biomedically relevant areas such as cancer detection and analysis, artery diseases, biomarkers, and other pathologies. The reported results indeed reveal a promising perspective for more widespread application of multivariate data analysis in assisting MIR spectroscopy as a screening or diagnostic tool in biomedical research and clinical studies. While the authors do not mean to ignore any relevant contributions to biomedical analysis across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, they confine the discussion in this contribution to the mid-infrared spectral range as a potentially very useful, yet underutilized frequency region. Selected representative examples without claiming completeness will demonstrate a range of biomedical diagnostic applications with particular emphasis on the advantageous interaction between multivariate data analysis and MIR spectroscopy.     

Multivariate analysis of remote laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy spectra using partial least squares,principal component analysis,and related techniques

Quantitative analysis with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy traditionally employs calibration curves that are complicated by chemical matrix effects. These chemical matrix effects influence the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy plasma and the ratio of elemental composition to elemental emission line intensity. Consequently, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy calibration typically requires a priori knowledge of the unknown, in order for a series of calibration standards similar to the unknown to be employed. In this paper, three new Multivariate Analysis techniques are employed to analyze the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy spectra of 18 disparate igneous and highly-metamorphosed rock samples. Partial Least Squares analysis is used to generate a calibration model from which unknown samples can be analyzed. Principal Components Analysis and Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy are employed to generate a model and predict the rock type of the samples. These Multivariate Analysis techniques appear to exploit the matrix effects associated with the chemistries of these 18 samples.     

微波波谱方法与应用研究进展

综述了微波波谱法及其应用研究进展,阐述了微波波谱法的基本原理及仪器构造。对微波波谱法在分子结构及构象分析、弱相互作用体系的研究、分析化学、星际物质的探测等方面的应用进行了综述。并展望了微波波谱方法未来的发展趋势。     

F2-selective two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy for the analysis of minor components in foods

In this study, we propose F(2)-selective 2D NMR spectroscopy as an effective method to obtain high-quality spectra of minor components in complex foodstuffs. Selective excitation along the F(2) axis overcame the problems occurring in the conventional F(1)-selective 2D NMR spectroscopy. The technique was successfully applied to mango juice to provide high-quality TOCSY, DQF-COSY, and NOESY spectra of the minor components for the assignment of their signals. In addition, high-quality TOCSY spectra were obtained for the minor components of Japanese sake and honey. These results indicate that F(2)-selective 2D NMR spectroscopy will be useful for the non-destructive analysis of various foods.     

二维相关荧光光谱技术

从发展历史、计算方程、一般规则和特有性质等方面系统地介绍了近年来在二维相关荧光光谱技术方面的方法探索和应用进展。以不同的外扰方式,如浓度、激发波长、猝灭以及其他如pH等分类,举例阐述了二维荧光相关光谱的可操作性及其应用,并与普通一维荧光光谱比较,说明了二维荧光相关光谱技术的优势。     

Spectrum Analysis of the Colored Pottery Figurines from Yangling Tombs of the Han Dynasty

ABSTRACT

The analysis of the colored pottery figurines from Yangling Tombs of the Han Dynasty was realized by X-ray diffraction, emission spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence and fiber optics reflectance spectroscopy (FORS). Consequent results showed that the colored components were respectively mercuric(II) sulphide, ferric (III) oxide, and carbon, among which mercuric(II) sulphide was an artificial pigment.     

用傅立叶变换拉曼光谱法测定乙醇浓度

激光拉曼光谱可以迅速准确的分析混合溶液的成分及比例,为溶液浓度检测提供了一种新的方法.以乙醇溶液为例,研究用拉曼光谱法分析溶液的浓度.