Tangential developable surfaces as bonnet surfaces

We study the real Bonnet surfaces which accept one unique nontrivial isometry that preserves the mean curvature, in the three-dimensional Euclidean space. We give a general criterion for these surfaces and use it to determine the tangential developable surfaces of this kind. They are determined implicitly by elliptic integrals of the third kind. Only the tangential developable surfaces of circular helices are explicit examples for which we completely determine the above unique nontrivial isometry. Dedication Dedicated to Siuping Ho for all her invaluable support and encouragement.     

Piecewise smooth developable surfaces

A.V. Pogorelov introduced developable surfaces with regularity (twice differentiability) violated along separate lines. In particular, the surface may not be smooth at all points of these lines (which form edges in this case). It is assumed that each point of the surface under consideration that belongs to a curvilinear edge (as well as any other interior point of this surface) has a neighborhood isometric to a Euclidean disk. In this paper we study the behavior of a developable surface near its curvilinear edge. It is proved that if two smooth pieces of a developable surface are adjacent along a curvilinear edge, then the spatial location of one of them in ?³ is uniquely determined by that of the other.     

An intrinsic characterization of developable surfaces

We consider the classical theorem saying that if f: M → R³ is a Riemannian surface in R³ without planar points and with vanishing Gaussian curvature, then there is an open dense subset M′ of M such that around each point of M′ the surface f is a cylinder or a cone or a tangential developable. As we shall show below, the theorem, in fact, belongs to affine geometry. We give an affine proof of this theorem. The proof works in Riemannian geometry as well. We use the proof for solving the realization problem for a certain class of affine connections on 2-dimensional manifolds. In contrast with Riemannian geometry, in affine geometry, cylinders, cones as well as tangential developables can be characterized intrinsically, i.e. by means of properties of any nowhere flat induced connection. According to the characterization we distinguish three classes of affine connections on 2-dimensional manifolds, i.e. cylindric, conic and TD-connections.     

A generalization of the Pogorelov-Stocker theorem on complete developable surfaces

The well-known Pogorelov theorem stating the cylindricity of any C ¹-smooth, complete, developable surface of bounded exterior curvature in ℝ³ was generalized by Stocker to C ²-smooth surfaces with a more general notion of completeness. We extend Stocker’s result to C ¹-smooth surfaces that are normal developable in the Burago-Shefel’ sense. __________ Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 247–252, 2006.     

Inextensible flows of curves and developable surfaces

The flow of a curve or surface is said to be inextensible if, in the former case, the arclength is preserved, and in the latter case, if the intrinsic curvature is preserved. Physically, inextensible curve and surface flows are characterized by the absence of any strain energy induced from the motion. In this paper we investigate inextensible flows of curves and developable surfaces in ${\mathbb{R}}^3$. Necessary and sufficient conditions for an inextensible curve flow are first expressed as a partial differential equation involving the curvature and torsion. We then derive the corresponding equations for the inextensible flow of a developable surface, and show that it suffices to describe its evolution in terms of two inextensible curve flows.     

Design and shape adjustment of developable surfaces

This paper presents two direct explicit methods of computer-aided design for developable surfaces. The developable surfaces are designed by using control planes with C-Bézier basis functions. The shape of developable surfaces can be adjusted by using a control parameter. When the parameter takes on different values, a family of developable surfaces can be constructed and they keep the characteristics of Bézier surfaces. The thesis also discusses the properties of designed developable surfaces and presents geometric construction algorithms, including the de Casteljau algorithm, the Farin–Boehm construction for G² continuity, and the G² Beta restricted condition algorithm. The techniques for the geometric design of developable surfaces in this paper have all the characteristics of existing approaches for curves design, but go beyond the limitations of traditional approaches in designing developable surfaces and resolve problems frequently encountered in engineering by adjusting the position and shape of developable surfaces.     

Reconstruction of quasi developable surfaces from ribbon curves

This paper deals with the acquisition and reconstruction of physical surfaces by mean of a ribbon device equipped with micro-sensors, providing geodesic curves running on the surface. The whole process involves the reconstruction of these 3D ribbon curves together with their global treatment so as to produce a consistent network for the geodesic surface interpolation by filling methods based on triangular Coons-like approaches. However, the ribbon curves follow their own way, subdividing thus the surface into arbitrary n-sided patches. We present here a method for the reconstruction of quasi developable surfaces from such n-sided curvilinear boundary curves acquired with the ribbon device.     

Note on weakly mixing transformations

Summary LetT be a weakly mixing transformation with respect to a probability measureP on a metric space (X, d). Suppose further that every open ball of (X, d) has positive measure. Then we show that, for anyP-measurable setA withP(A) > 0, lim supD _k (T ⁿ A) =D _k (X) fork = 2, 3,, whereD _k (B) is the geometric diameter of orderk of a subsetB ofX. It is shown further that D _k can be replaced by essD _k , in the case whenTB is measurable wheneverB is measurable. These results complement a previous one due to R. E. Rice for strongly mixing transformations and improve a result of C. Sempi on weakly mixing transformations.     

Note on irreducible triangulations of surfaces

In this paper, we shall show that an irreducible triangulation of a closed surface F² has at most cg vertices, where g stands for a genus of F² and c a constant. © 1995, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Note on the cochromatic number of several surfaces

The cochromatic number of a graph G, denoted by z(G), is the minimum number of subsets into which the vertex set of G can be partitioned so that each subset induces an empty or a complete subgraph of G. In an earlier work, the author considered the problem of determining z(S), the maximum cochromatic number among all graphs that embed in a surface S. The value of z(S) was found for the sphere, the Klein bottle, and for the nonorientable surface of genus 4. In this note, some recent results of Albertson and Hutchinson are used to determine the cochromatic numbers of the projective plane and the nonorientable surface of genus 3. These results lend further evidence to support the conjecture that z(S) is equal to the maximum n for which the graph G_n = K₁ U K₂ U … U K_n embeds in S.     

On the extrinsic curvature and the extrinsic structure of normal developable C 1 surfaces

It is proved that any normal C ¹ surface developable in the sense of Shefel has zero extrinsic curvature in the sense of Pogorelov. A condition under which such a surface has a standard line of striction is obtained.     

Cremona transformations and diffeomorphisms of surfaces

We show that the action of Cremona transformations on the real points of quadrics exhibits the full complexity of the diffeomorphisms of the sphere, the torus, and of all non-orientable surfaces. The main result says that if X is rational, then Aut(X), the group of algebraic automorphisms, is dense in Diff(X), the group of self-diffeomorphisms of X.     

Diagonal transformations in quadrangulations of surfaces

In this paper, it will be shown that any two bipartite quadrangulations of any closed surface are transformed into each other by two kinds of transformations, called the diagonal slide and the diagonal rotation, up to homeomorphism, if they have the same and sufficiently large number of vertices. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

A Note on vector bundles on Hirzebruch surfaces

In literature, two basic construction methods have been used to study vector bundles on a Hirzebruch surface. On the one hand, we have Serre?s method and elementary modifications, describing rank-2 bundles as extensions in a canonical way (Brînz?nescu and Stoia, 1984 [4], [5], Brînz?nescu, 1996 [6], Brosius, 1983 [7], Friedman, 1998 [9]), and on the other hand, we have a Beilinson-type spectral sequence (Buchdahl, 1987 [8]). Morally, the Beilinson spectral sequence indicates how to recover a bundle from the cohomology of its twists and from some sheaf morphisms (the differentials of the sequence). The aim of this Note is to show that the canonical extension of a rank-2 bundle can be deduced from the Beilinson spectral sequence of a suitable twist, called the normalization. In the final part we give a cohomological criterion for a topologically trivial vector bundle on a Hirzebruch surface to be trivial. To emphasize the relations and the differences between these two construction methods mentioned above, two different proofs are given.