函数对称性及简单应用

性质1y=f(x)关于x=a轴对称<=>f（a＋x）＝f（a—x）（或f（x）＝f（2a-x)，f(-x)=f2＋x)等)性质2y=f(x)关于（a，b)中心对称<=>f(a＋x) f(a－x）=2b（或f(x)＋f（2e-x）＝2b，f（-x） f（2a＋x）＝2b等）特别地有：（1）y=f(x)关于（a，0）对称b八a＋x）—一人a－x）（或人x）—一人如一动，人一X）—一人加十X）等）（2）y一人工）关于（0，b）对称白人工）＋＊（一X）一Zb证明1．y一人工）关于x＝a轮对称hoJ一人。＋＊关于x—0对称edy一人x＋a）为偶函数今户八一x＋a）一人x＋。），通过提元面得人）一人加一），人一）一八b＋＊等．2．…     

对一道习题的思考

从相关习题出发，借助夹逼定理可证明：lim n→∞（b1a^n1＋b2a^n2＋…＋bma6n m）1/n=max{a1,a2,…,am}；设函数φ（x）,f（x）在[a,b]上都是正连续函数，则有lim n→∞{∫^b aφ（x）[f（x）]^n dx}^1/n=max a≤x≤b{f（x）}     

跳跃非线性项依赖于导数的二阶微分方程周期解的存在性

本文研究二阶微分方程x"+ax+-bx-+f(x)g(x')=p(t)周期解的存在性,这里x+=max{x,0},x-=max{-x,0},a,b是正常数并且点(a,b)位于某一条Fucik谱曲线上.当g(x)的极限limx→∞(x)=g(+∞),limx→∞g(x)=g(-∞)和f(x)的极限limx→∞f(z)=f(+∞),limx→∞f(z)=f(-∞)都存在且有限时,给出了此方程存在周期解的充分条件.     

一类弹性梁方程的正解存在性

利用Schauder不动点定理,讨论了两端简单支撑的静态梁方程 y^(4)(x)=f(x,y(x)),y(0)=a,y(1)=b,y“(0)=c,y“(1)=d在非齐边界条件下正解的存在性结果。     

综合题新编选登

题143设函数f(x)=x x2-a2(a>0).1)求f(x)的反函数f-1(x)及定义域;2)若数列{an}满足a1=3a,an 1=f-1(an),设bn=an-aan a,Sn表示{bn}的前n项和,试比较Sn与78的大小.解1)由f(x)=x x2-a2(a>0)得x=y2 a22y,∵y=x x2-a2(a>0),∴x2-a2=y-x=y-y2 a22y=(y a)(y-a)2y≥0,∴-a≤y<0或y≥a.∴f-1(x)=x2 a22x(-a≤x<0或x≥a)2)∵an 1=f-1(an)=an2 a22an,∴bn 1=an 1-aan 1 a=an2 a22an-a an2 a22an a=an-a an a2=bn2.∵a1=3a,∴b1=a1-aa1 a=12.∴bn=(bn-1)2=(bn-2)22=…=(12)2n-1.∴Sn=b1 b2 b3 … bn=12 (12)2 (12)22 … (12)2n-1.∵2n-1=C0n-1 C1n-1 …     

关于数论函数$\sigma(n)$的一个注记

对于两个不相同的正整数$m$和$n$, 如果满足$\sigma(m)=\sigma(n)=m+n$, 则称之为一对亲和数, 这里$\sigma(n)=\sum_{d|n}d$.本文给出了$f(x,y)=x^{2^{x}}+y^{2^{x}}(x>y\geq{1},(x,y)=1)$不与任何正整数构成亲和数对的结论, 这里$x$,$y$具有不同的奇偶性, 即, 关于$z$的方程$\sigma(f(x,y))=\sigma(z)=f(x,y)+z$不存在正整数解.     

三阶线性非齐次微分方程的Hyers-Ulam稳定性

讨论了三阶线性非齐次微分方程y′′′+p(x)y″+q(x)y′+r(x)y+f(x)=0的Hyers-Ulam稳定性,即若函数f是它的一个近似解,则该方程一定存在与f是任意接近的精确解,并给出了简单实例.     

一道国际数学竞赛题的推广

我们首先来看 2 0 0 3年第 16届爱尔兰数学奥林匹克试题 9(见文 [1]) :设a ,b >0 ,求最大的正实数c ,使得对于任意的正实数x ,均有c≤max{ax 1ax,bx 1bx} .解　设 f (t) =t 1t ,t >0 ,g(x) =max{ f(ax) ,f(bx) } .原问题转为求 g(x) 在x >0时的最小值 .若a =b ,则g(x) =ax     

一道高考题的推广的三角证明与其他

张乃贵老师在本刊文[1]中将2008年高考重庆理科卷第4题推广为： 命题1函数f（x）=λ1√x-a＋λ2 √b-x（λ1〉0,λ2〉0,b〉a）的最大值为[f（x）]max=√（λ1^2＋λ2^2（b-a））最小值为[f（x）]max=min{f（a）,f（b）}．     

图的1-因子、f-因子和(g,f)-因子

设G是一个图且有一个1-因子F,g和f是定义在V（G）上的非负整数值函数且对每个X∈V(G)有g（X）＜f(X)≤dG（x）,且f(v(G))为偶数．（i）若对每个xy∈F有f(x)=f(y)且G－{x,y}有一个（g,f)-因子,则G有一个（g,f)-因子;（ii）若对每个xy∈F有f(X）=f（y）且G-{X,y}有f-因子,则G有f-因子.     

RECENT PROGRESS ON SPHERICAL HARMONIC APPROXIMATION MADE BY BNU RESEARCH GROUP ——In memory of Professor Sun Yongsheng

As early as in 1990, Professor Sun Yongsheng, suggested his students at Beijing Normal University to consider research problems on the unit sphere. Under his guidance and encouragement his students started the research on spherical harmonic analysis and approximation. In this paper, we incompletely introduce the main achievements in this area obtained by our group and relative researchers during recent 5 years （2001-2005）. The main topics are： convergence of Cesaro summability, a.e. and strong summability of Fourier-Laplace series; smoothness and K-functionals; Kolmogorov and linear widths.     

On a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments in higher order Wiener chaoses

We study a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments belonging to higher order Wiener chaoses which are similar to Hermite processes. We obtain an almost sure wavelet-like expansion of these processes. This allows us to compute the pointwise and local Hölder regularity of sample paths and to analyse their behaviour at infinity. We also provide some results on the Hausdorff dimension of the range and graphs of multidimensional anisotropic self-similar processes with stationary increments defined by multiple Wiener–Itô integrals.     

A REPRESENTATION FORMULA RELATED TO SCHR(O)DINGER OPERATORS

Schr(o)dinger operator is a central subject in the mathematical study of quantum mechanics.Consider the Schrodinger operator H = -△ V on R, where △ = d2/dx2 and the potential function V is real valued. In Fourier analysis, it is well-known that a square integrable function admits an expansion with exponentials as eigenfunctions of -△. A natural conjecture is that an L2 function admits a similar expansion in terms of "eigenfunctions" of H, a perturbation of the Laplacian (see [7], Ch. Ⅺ and the notes), under certain condition on V.     

On a class of Riemann surfaces

It is considered the class of Riemann surfaces with dimT1 = 0, where T1 is a subclass of exact harmonic forms which is one of the factors in the orthogonal decomposition of the spaceΩH of harmonic forms of the surface, namely The surfaces in the class OHD and the class of planar surfaces satisfy dimT1 = 0. A.Pfluger posed the question whether there might exist other surfaces outside those two classes. Here it is shown that in the case of finite genus g, we should look for a surface S with dimT1 = 0 among the surfaces of the form Sg\K , where Sg is a closed surface of genus g and K a compact set of positive harmonic measure with perfect components and very irregular boundary.     

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 30

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Instructions for contributions

正Applied Mathematics-A Journal of Chinese Universities,Series B(Appl.Math.J.Chinese Univ.,Ser.B)is a comprehensive applied mathematics journal jointly sponsored by Zhejiang University,China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,and Springer-Verlag.It is a quarterly journal with     

Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications Guide for Authors

正Journal overview:Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications(JMRA),formerly Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition(JMRE)created in 1981,one of the transactions of China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics,is a home for original research papers of the highest quality in all areas of mathematics with applications.The target audience comprises:pure and applied mathematicians,graduate students in broad fields of sciences and technology,scientists and engineers interested in mathematics.     

Staircase transportation problems with superadditive rewards and cumulative capacities

A cumulative-capacitated transportation problem is studied. The supply nodes and demand nodes are each chains. Shipments from a supply node to a demand node are possible only if the pair lies in a sublattice, or equivalently, in a staircase disjoint union of rectangles, of the product of the two chains. There are (lattice) superadditive upper bounds on the cumulative flows in all leading subrectangles of each rectangle. It is shown that there is a greatest cumulative flow formed by the natural generalization of the South-West Corner Rule that respects cumulative-flow capacities; it has maximum reward when the rewards are (lattice) superadditive; it is integer if the supplies, demands and capacities are integer; and it can be calculated myopically in linear time. The result is specialized to earlier work of Hoeffding (1940), Fréchet (1951), Lorentz (1953), Hoffman (1963) and Barnes and Hoffman (1985). Applications are given to extreme constrained bivariate distributions, optimal distribution with limited one-way product substitution and, generalizing results of Derman and Klein (1958), optimal sales with age-dependent rewards and capacities.To our friend, Philip Wolfe, with admiration and affection, on the occasion of his 65th birthday.Research was supported respectively by the IBM T.J. Watson and IBM Almaden Research Centers and is a minor revision of the IBM Research Report [6].     

Boundedness for commutators of multipliers on Hardy type spaces

In this paper, we study the commutators generalized by multipliers and a BMO function. Under some assumptions, we establish its boundedness properties from certain atomic Hardy space Hb^p（R^n） into the Lebesgue space L^p with p 〈 1.