稠密、冷铝等离子体的辐射不透明度研究

使用细致谱项模型、联合组态相互作用方法和R 矩阵方法计算了处于局域热动平衡条件下的稠密、冷铝等离子体的辐射不透明度 .组态相互作用方法用于获得束缚 束缚吸收截面所需要的偶极跃迁振子强度 ,R矩阵方法用于获得光电离截面 .对于温度在 6— 12eV、密度为 0 .36mg/cm3 的铝等离子体 ,计算得到的吸收系数在波长为 0 .35 1,0 .5 2 7和 1.0 5 4 μm处与实验结果符合较好 ,而温度在 3— 6eV时 ,理论计算比实验结果大. The radiative opacity has been investigated by using detailed term accounting approximation for dense, cold aluminum plasmas under local thermodynamic equilibrium. The configuration interaction scheme has been used to obtain the relevant atomic parameters for bound-bound absorption, such as excitation energies and oscillator strengths. R-matrix method has been used to obtain the photoionization cross sections. For aluminum plasmas of density 0.36 mg/cm 3, temperature of 6-12 eV, the...     

DTA模型计算高温Fe等离子体的辐射不透明度

使用DTA(detailed term accounting)模型计算了温度为20eV、密度为0.01g×cm^-3的Fe等离子体的辐射不透明度.对于处于局域热动平衡(local thermodynamic equilibrium,LTE)下的Fe等离子体,使用Saha方程计算出各价离子的丰度.使用MCHF方法得到了Fe离子的能级以及束缚-束缚跃迁的振子强度,考虑了Doppler展宽和碰撞展宽的谱线展宽机制,谱线线型采用Voigt线型.束缚-自由以及自由-自由吸收截面分别使用DCA及AA模型得到.所得的结果与美国Los Anamos National Laboratory(LANL)使用LEDCOP程序计算的结果进行了对比,两种结果符合很好.     

DTA模型计算高温Mg等离子体的辐射不透明度

使用DTA(detailedtermaccounting)模型计算了温度为 5 6eV、密度为 0 .0 1g/cm3 的Mg等离子体的辐射不透明度以及Rosseland和Planck平均不透明度 .对于处于局域热动平衡 (LTE)下的Mg等离子体 ,利用Saha方程计算出各价离子的丰度 .MCHF方法得到Mg各价离子的能级以及束缚 束缚跃迁的振子强度 ,考虑了Doppler展宽和碰撞展宽 ,谱线线型采用Voigt线型 .束缚 自由以及自由 自由吸收截面使用AA模型得到. The spectral resolved opacity of high temperature Mg plasma at a temperature of 56 eV and a density of 0.01 g/cm 3 is calculated by the detailed term accounting (DTA) model. Saha equation is applied to obtain the population distribution of the plasma in local thermodynamic equilibrium. Atom levels and bound-bound absorption oscillator strengths are obtained from a multi-configuration Hartree-Fock (MCHF) calculation that includes Breit-Pauli relativistic correction. After ...     

DTA模型计算高温氟化钠等离子体的辐射不透明度

使用细致谱项模型(detailed term accounting，DTA)计算了局域热动平衡(local thermodynamic equilibrium，LTE)近似下氟化钠等离子体密度为0．01g／cm^3的等密度系列的谱分辨不透明度以及Rosseland和Planck平均不透明度，分析了钠和氟离子L→M跃迁对不透明度的贡献以及温度的升高对于两种元素的L→M跃迁吸收峰的影响。     

稠密氘和氢氘混合等离子体辐射不透明度的研究

用强平面激波对氘和氢氘等摩尔混合气体进行冲击压缩 ,产生密度约为 3.7× 10 - 3 — 7.0×10 - 3 g/cm3 等离子体.由记录的等离子体发光过程的上升前沿 ,确定了氘和氢氘等离子体光谱吸收系数随光学波长变化. Plasma is generated by passage of strong planar shock wave through gas. Initial experiments in deuterium and equal mol mixture of hydrogen and deuterium have been performed to produce plasma with 3.7×10 -3-7.0×10 -3 g/cm 3density. The variation of the opacity of the plasma with wavelength is measured by recording the risetime of the emitted light.     

DTA模型计算高温氟化钠等离子体的辐射不透明度

使用细致谱项模型(detailed term accounting,DTA)计算了局域热动平衡(local thermodynamic equilibrium,LTE)近似下氟化钠等离子体密度为0.01?g/cm3的等密度系列的谱分辨不透明度以及Rosseland和Planck平均不透明度,分析了钠和氟离子L→M跃迁对不透明度的贡献以及温度的升高对于两种元素的L→M跃迁吸收峰的影响.     

激光等离子体辐射不透明度的细致模型

细致谱线模型是等离子体辐射不透明度精确计算的理论方法,涉及到很多原子物理过程,需要计算大量的、精确的原子参数.在高温、稠密等离子体环境下,谱线展宽、组态相互作用、电离能下降等效应与不透明度的准确计算密切相关.文章重点介绍了目前作者在辐射不透明度细致谱线模型研究方面取得的进展情况,并且与国内外典型的实验和理论结果进行了对比.     

物质辐射不透明度对恒星结构与演化的影响及其计算

简要介绍了恒星结构与演化的理论模型，回顾了物质辐射不透明度计算的发展过程，详细讨论了物质辐射不透明度对恒星物理理论方面许多重要问题的影响以及发展现状。并介绍了利用改进的平均原子模型来进行恒星物质辐射不透明度的计算结果。     

稠密氦气辐射不透明度的实验研究

用二级氢气炮作为冲击压缩加载工具和多通道瞬态辐射高温计作为主要测量系统,测量了冲击压缩氦气等离子体的光辐亮度历史(初始温度293 K,初始压力为0.6 MPa和1.2 MPa两种).根据实测记录信号波形的有关特征量,计算得到了氦等离子体的光谱吸收系数κ(λ)和冲击压缩铝基板表面的光反射率R.结果发现:受冲击铝基板表面的光反射率～0.4(比其初始反射率0.8约降低一半),与Erskine的数据相同;对于光谱吸收系数的实测数据,本文目前未能给出合理的物理解释.     

Multipole effects to the opacity of hot dense gold plasma

The contributions of the multipole transitions to the opacity of hot dense gold plasma are taken into account by using an average-atom model. The influences of the E2, E3 and E4 transitions on the Rosseland opacity are studied, respectively. Comparisons with Miao’s calculation have been made. It shows that using the Taylor series to account for the multipole transitions is no longer valid since ik · r is not much smaller than the unit when the photon energy goes very high.     

Radiative opacity of plasmas studied by detailed term (level) accounting approaches

Detailed term and level accounting (DTA and DLA) schemes have been developed to calculate the spectrally resolved and Rosseland and Planck mean opacities of plasmas in local thermodynamic equilibrium. Various physical effects, such as configuration interaction effect (including core-valence electron correlations effect and relativistic effect), detailed line width effect (including the line saturation effect), etc., on the opacity of plasmas have been investigated in detail. Some of these physical effects are less capable or even impossible to be taken into account by statistical models such as unresolved transition arrays, super-transition-array or average atom models. Our detailed model can obtain accurate opacity of plasmas. Using this model, we have systematically investigated the radiative opacities of low, medium and high-Z plasmas under different conditions of temperature and density. For example, for aluminum plasma, in the X-ray region, we demonstrated the effects of autoionization resonance broadening on the opacity for the first time. Furthermore, the relativistic effects play an important role on the opacity as well. Our results are in good agreement with other theoretical ones although better agreement can be obtained after the effects of autoionization resonance broadening and relativity have been considered. Our results also show that the modelling of the opacity is very complicated, since too many physical effects influence the accuracy of opacity. For medium and high-Z plasmas, however, there are systematic discrepancies unexplained so far between the theoretical and experimental opacities. Here, the theoretical opacities are mainly obtained by statistical models. To clarify the discrepancies, efforts from both sides are needed. From the view-point of theory, however, a DLA method, in which various physical effects can be taken into account, should be useful in resolving the difference. Taking gold plasma as an example, we studied in detail the effects of core-valence electron correlation and line width on the opacity. Our DLA results correctly explained, for the first time, the relative intensity of the two strong absorption peaks located near the photon energy of 70 and 80 eV, which was experimentally observed by Eidmann et al. [Europhys. Lett., 1998, 44: 459].     

平均原子模型中谱线位置偏移对辐射不透明度的影响

使用平均原子(average atom,AA)模型计算了局域热动平衡近似下的Fe,Br等离子体的辐射不透明度.对AA模型中跃迁系的跃迁能量引入了统计修正，修正后的谱线位置与细致谱项模型的结果更接近，但仍然存在差距，进一步减小这种差距需要考虑等离子体的价态分布.研究了AA模型中这种谱线位置移动对平均不透明度的影响，计算了Fe等离子体等温度系列的平均不透明度，发现这种修正对于平均不透明度的影响是比较明显的.     

超越平均原子模型模拟高温高密等离子体离子布居

从实际应用的角度出发，常采用平均原子(AA)模型进行简化处理.为了能更精确计算高温高密等离子体的离子布居，提出了一套超越AA模型的方法.该方法能够较好地处理局域热动平衡(LTE)等离子体离子布居，也可有效地处理非局域热动平衡(n-LTE)等离子体离子布居. 关键词： 平均原子(AA)模型 离子布居 非局域热动平衡(n-LTE)     

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利用考虑l能级分裂的屏蔽氢离子模型(SHML),计算高温(T=200~300eV)、高密度(ρ=1g.cm-3)下纯元素Au、Ho、Gd、Sm、Nd、Sn、Ag的Rosseland平均不透明度,以及Au与这些元素混合后的Rosseland平均不透明度,其结果与DCA/UTA及STA模型计算结果吻合较好。     

Radiative properties of matter based on quantum statistical method

We present the preliminary results of our code OPAQS(opacity calculation using quantum statistical model) that is based on the self consistent Hartree-Fock-Slater model for the average atom. The code is capable of performing robust calculations of average charge state, frequency-dependent and mean opacities. The accuracy of the atomic model is verified by comparing the calculations of average charge state with various published results. The monochromatic opacities for iron computed at different sets of temperatures and densities are compared with LEDCOP. The Rosseland and Planck opacities for iron and aluminum are validated with some state-of-the-art codes. The results are in good agreement with the published data.     

Calculation of the radiative opacity of laser-produced plasmas using a relativistic-screened hydrogenic model

In this work, we use a relativistic-screened hydrogenic model to compute the radiative opacity of laser-produced plasmas. The model is based on a set of screening charges which allow one to easily calculate atomic properties of isolated ions. These screened charges have been fitted to a fourth-order polynomial depending on the nuclear charge Z for ground and single excited states of ions belonging to the isoelectronic sequences comprised between He-like to U-like. In the opacity model used, ionic populations are obtained by solving the Saha equation including degeneracy corrections. Bound-bound transitions are determined using a Voigt profile for line shape, which includes natural, collisional, Doppler and UTA widths. Bound-free and free-free opacities are evaluated using the Kramer cross-sections with appropriate corrections. Scattering processes are computed through the use of the Thomson formula with corrections. The results are compared with other screened hydrogenic models and more sophisticated self-consistent codes.     

Atomic structure and transition properties of H-like Al in hot and dense plasmas

The atomic structure and transition properties of H-like Al embedded in hot and dense plasmas are investigated using modified GRASP2 K code. The plasma screening effect on the nucleus is described using the self-consistent field ion sphere model. The effective nuclear potential decreases much more quickly with increasing average free electron density,but increases slightly with increasing electron temperature. The variations of the transition energies, transition probabilities,and oscillator strengths with the free electron density and electron temperature are the same as that of the effective nuclear potential. The results reported in this work agree well with other available theoretical results and are useful for plasma diagnostics.     

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利用SHML模型计算了密度为ρ=1g·cm-3、温度为150eV、200eV、250eV、300eV、400eV的Sn等离子体的随光子能量变化的辐射不透明度及Rosseland平均不透明度.分析了不透明度随光子能量变化曲线的吸收峰值(不透明度峰值)与能级跃迁的对应关系.还将Sn的Rosseland平均不透明度与DCA/UTA及STA模型计算结果作了比较,吻合较好.