Construction d'une paramétrixe pour des opérateurs différentiels hypoelliptiques marimaux sur un espace homogéne d'un groupe de Lie nilpotent gradué de rang 2

Soient G une alébre de Lie nilpotente stratifée de rang 2, une sous-algébre de G, _0, la représentation de G dans l'espace L ²( \ G) indiute par le caractére trivial C, P un opérateur homogène appartenant à l'algébre universelle enveloppante (complexifiée) U(G) tel que l'opérateur _0, (P) soit hypoelliptique maximal. Cet opérateur peut s'exprimer par une intégrale dépendant de la restriction du symbole p de P au sousensemble = G · décrit par les orbites des éléments de dans la représentation contragrédiente de G dans G ^*.Une algèbre de symboles définis sur est construite et permet de déterminer une paramétrixe de _0, (P); des résultats de réguralité de cet opérateur dans des espaces de Sobolev adaptés sont ensuite obtenus.     

Numerically regular hereditary classes of combinatorial geometries

A hereditary class of combinatorial geometries (or simple matroids) is a collection of geometries closed under minors and direct sums. A geometry G in is extremal if no proper extension of G of the same rank is in . The size function h(n) of is defined by h(n)=max {|G|: G and rank(G)=n}, where |G| is the number of points in G. A hereditary class is numerically regular if for every extremal geometry G in , |G|=h (rank(G)). We determine all the numerically regular hereditary classes for which the set {h(n)–h(n–1): 1n<} of positive integers does not have an upper bound: they are all varieties. We also give several examples of numerically regular hereditary classes which are not varieties.Partially supported by a North Texas State University Faculty Research Grant.     

Simplicial cells in arrangements of hyperplanes

Let be an arrangement of n hyperplanes in P ^d , C() its cell complex, and H any hyperplane of . It is proved: (1) If is not a near pencil then there are at least n–d–1 simplicial d-cells of C(), each having no facet in H. (2) There are at least d+1 simplicial d-cells of C(), each having a facet in H.Material for this paper was taken from the author's doctoral dissertation.     

On positivity in Hecke algebras

Let be the Hecke algebra associated with a Coxeter system (W, R). The structure constants of with respect to various bases are Laurent polynomials, whose coefficients enjoy remarkable positivity properties. We survey these and prove some new ones using the relationship between and the geometry of Schubert varieties.To Professor Jacques Tits on his sixtieth birthday     

Studies on the Painlevé equations

Summary In this series of papers, we study birational canonical transformations of the Painlevé system , that is, the Hamiltonian system associated with the Painlevé differential equations. We consider also -function related to and particular solutions of . The present article concerns the sixth Painlevé equation. By giving the explicit forms of the canonical transformations of associated with the affine transformations of the space of parameters of , we obtain the non-linear representation: GG_*, of the affine Weyl group of the exceptional root system of the type F₄ A canonical transformation of G_* can extend to the correspondence of the -functions related to . We show the certain sequence of -functions satisfies the equation of the Toda lattice. Solutions of , which can be written by the use of the hypergeometric functions, are studied in details.     

Stop times in fock space stochastic calculus

Summary A stop time S in the boson Fock space over L ₂()₊ is a spectral measure in [0,] such that {S([0,t])} is an adapted process. Following the ideas of Hudson [6], to each stop time S a canonical shift operator U ^Sis constructed in . When S({}) has the vacuum as a null vector U ^Sbecomes an isometry. When S({})=0 it is shown that admits a factorisation _S]{S where _{S is the range of U ^Sand _S] is a suitable subspace of called the Fock space upto time S. This, in particular, implies the strong Markov property of quantum Brownian motion in the boson as well as fermion sense and the Dynkin-Hunt property that the classical Brownian motion begins afresh at each stop time. The stopped Weyl and fermion processes are defined and their properties studied. A composition operation is introduced in the space of stop time to make it a semigroup. Stop time integrals are introduced and their properties constitute the basic tools for the subject.     

On the fractional matching polytope of a hypergraph

For a hypergraph andb:⁺ define Conjecture. There is a matching of such that For uniform andb constant this is the main theorem of [4]. Here we prove the conjecture if is uniform or intersecting, orb is constant.The research was done while the author visited the Department of Mathematics at Rutgers University. Research supported in part by the Hungarian National Science Foundation under grant No. 1812Supported in party by NSF and AFOSR grants and by a Sloan Research Fellowship     

When Is a Subspace of B(H) Ideal?

Let be a real or complex Hilbert space and let () denote the algebra of all bounded linear operators on . We show that if N is a subspace of (H) and for positive operators P₁, P₂ and every A N, P₁P₂A^* + AP₁P₂ N then N is an ideal. Furthermore if is an infinite dimensional real space then N = (H).AMS Subject Classification (1991): Primary 47B47, 47D25     

The foliation of semigroups by congruence classes

LetS be an open subsemigroup of a Lie groupG with . We shall show that for every congruence onS with closed congruence classes there exists an open neighborhoodU of1 inG and a foliation ofS U whose leaves locally coincide with both the congruence classes of and the cosets of a normal analytic subgroup ofG which is uniquely determined by .This author gratefully acknowledges the support he received from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation during the preparation of this paper.     

Some extensions of the Hewitt-Savage zero-one law

Summary Let denote the class of infinite product probability measures = ₁× ₂× defined on an infinite product of replications of a given measurable space (X, A), and let denote the subset of for which (A) =0 or 1 for each permutation invariant event A. Previous works by Hewitt and Savage, Horn and Schach, Blum and Pathak, and Sendler (referenced in the paper) discuss very restrictive sufficient conditions under which a given member , of belongs to . In the present paper, the class is shown to possess several closure properties. E.g., if and _{0 n} for some n 1, then ₀× ₁× ₂×.... While the current results do not permit a complete characterization of they demonstrate conclusively that is a much larger subset of than previous results indicated. The interesting special case X={0,1} is discussed in detail.Research supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. MCS75-07556     

A new duality theory for compact groups

Summary The Tannaka-Krein duality theory characterizes the category (G) of finite-dimensional, continuous, unitary representations of a compact group as a subcategory of the category of Hilbert spaces. We prove a more powerful result characterizing (G) as an abstract category: every strict symmetric monoidalC ^*-category with conjugates which has subobjects and direct sums and for which theC ^*-algebra of endomorphisms of the monoidal unit reduces to the complex numbers is isomorphic to a category (G) for a compact groupG unique up to isomorphism.Research supported by the Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione and CNR-GNAFA     

Tessellations generated by hyperplanes

Let be a locally finite system of hyperplanes in ^d with the property that the cells of the induced cell complex decomposition of ^d have uniformly bounded diameters. If is simple and the density of the vertices in exists, then the density of thek-cells in exists and can be given explicitly (k = 1, ...,d). Also, the mean number ofj-faces of thek-cells in exists and can be calculated. For certain nonsimple systems , corresponding inequalities are obtained.     

On the fine structure of the polygroup blow-up

We study in detail the blow-up procedure described in [BTW01]. We obtain a structure theorem for coreless polygroups as a double quotient space G//H, and a polygroup chunk theorem. Seeking to remove the arbitrary parameter needed for the blow-up, we find canonical Ø-invariant groupoids analogous to G and H above, and show that contains precisely all the arbitrary choices related to the blow-up. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 03C45, 03C60     

Infinitely divisible completely positive mappings

Summary We generalise the theory of infinitely divisible positive definite functions f:G on a group G to a theory of infinite divisibility for completely positive mappings : G() taking values in the algebra of bounded operators on some Hilbert space .We prove a structure theorem for normalised infinitely divisible completely positive mappings which shows that the mapping , its Stinespring representation and its Stinespring isometry are of type S (in the sense of Guichardet [Gui]). Furthermore, we prove that a completely positive mapping is infinitely divisible if and only if it is the exponential (as defined in this paper) of a hermitian conditionally completely positive mapping.     

A condition for nonnegativity of an operator related to the Dirichlet operator

Let L₀ be a positive definite closed linear operator with domain of definition D(L₀) dense in the Hilbert space H; let(, ₁, ₂) be the positive boundary value space of the operator L₀ such that the restriction of L ₀ ^* to ker ₂ is the Friedrichs extension of the operator L₀. We establish a test for nonnegativity of an operator T of the form Ty=L ₀ ^* y+^*(₁–C)y, y D(T)= ker(₂+), where :H and C: are respectively a compact operator and a bounded nonnegative operator.Translated fromMatematicheskie Metody i Fiziko-Mekhanicheskie Polya, Issue 32, 1990, pp. 30–33.     

On measures integrating all functions of a given vector lattice

LetE be a vector lattice of real-valued functions defined on a setX, and (E):={{f1}:fE}. Among others, it is shown that, under some additional assumptions onE, every measure that integrates all functionsfE is (E)--smooth iffX is (E)-complete. An application of this general result to various topological situations yields some new measure-theoretic characterizations of realcompact, Borel-complete andN-compact spaces, respectively.     

On the category 𝒪 for rational Cherednik algebras

We study the category of representations of the rational Cherednik algebra A_W attached to a complex reflection group W. We construct an exact functor, called Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov functor: _W-mod, where _W is the (finite) Iwahori-Hecke algebra associated to W. We prove that the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov functor induces an equivalence between /_tor, the quotient of by the subcategory of A_W-modules supported on the discriminant, and the category of finite-dimensional _W-modules. The standard A_W-modules go, under this equivalence, to certain modules arising in Kazhdan-Lusztig theory of cells, provided W is a Weyl group and the Hecke algebra _W has equal parameters. We prove that the category is equivalent to the module category over a finite dimensional algebra, a generalized q-Schur algebra associated to W.     

Generalized Variation of Mappings with Applications to Composition Operators and Multifunctions

We study (set-valued) mappings of bounded -variation defined on the compact interval I and taking values in metric or normed linear spaces X. We prove a new structural theorem for these mappings and extend Medvedev's criterion from real valued functions onto mappings with values in a reflexive Banach space, which permits us to establish an explicit integral formula for the -variation of a metric space valued mapping. We show that the linear span GV (I;X) of the set of all mappings of bounded -variation is automatically a Banach algebra provided X is a Banach algebra. If h:I× X Y is a given mapping and the composition operator is defined by (f)(t)=h(t,f(t)), where tI and f:I X, we show that :GV (I;X) GV (I;Y) is Lipschitzian if and only if h(t,x)=h₀(t)+h₁(t)x, tI, xX. This result is further extended to multivalued composition operators with values compact convex sets. We prove that any (not necessarily convex valued) multifunction of bounded -variation with respect to the Hausdorff metric, whose graph is compact, admits regular selections of bounded -variation.     

The distribution of sublattices of ℤ m

Lattices , are similar if one can be transformed into the other by an angle-preserving linear map. Similarity classes of lattices of rankn may be parametrized by a fundamental domain of the action ofGL _n () on the generalized upper half-plane _n . Given 1<nm and, letN(D,T) be the number of sublattices of _n which have rankn, similarity class inD, and determinant T. Our most basic result will be thatN(D,T)c ₁(m, n)(D)T ^m asT for suitable setsD, where is the invariant measure on _n . The casen=2 had been dealt with by Roelcke and by Maass using the theory of modular forms.Herrn Professor Hlawka zum achtzigsten Geburtstag gewidmetSupported in part by NSF-DMS-9401426     

Decomposition of large uniform hypergraphs

We determine a minimum cardinality family _{n, k} (resp. _{n, k} ) ofn-uniform,k-edge hypergraphs satisfying the following property: all, except for finitely many,n-uniform hypergraphs satisfying the divisibility condition have an _{n, k} -decomposition (resp. vertex _{n, k} -decomposition).