Extraction of gallium(III) by 1-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole from hydrochloric acid solutions

The extraction of gallium(III) with 1-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2- yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole from hydrochloric acid solutions into toluene was studied. It was found that gallium( III) was efficiently extracted from 5–10 M solutions of HCl by the anion-exchange mechanism. The following metal extraction order was determined in the above aqueous phase acidity range: Ga(III) > In(III) > Al(III). The concentration constants and the thermodynamic parameters of the reaction of gallium(III) extraction from 6 M solutions of HCl at 25 °C were calculated.     

Copper(II) extraction with 1-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole from hydrochloric acid solutions

Copper(II) extraction with 1-“[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl”-1H-1,2,4-triazole in toluene from hydrochloric acid solutions is studied. It is shown that copper(II) is most efficiently extracted with this reagent from 3–5 M HCl solutions. For aqueous acidity of 3 mol/L HCl, the extraction is an exothermal process and follows the coordination mechanism. The anion-exchange extraction mechanism predominates where HCl concentrations is greater than 6 mol/L. The studied reagent can be used for the selective separation of copper(II) from nickel(II) and cobalt(II) at aqueous acidities of up to 4 mol/L HCl.     

Extraction of Iridium(IV) by 1-(2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl-methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole from Hydrochloric Solutions

Extraction of iridium(IV) by 1-(2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl-methyl)-¹H-1,2,4-triazole from hydrochloric solutions was studied. Optimal extraction parameters were determined. The mechanism of iridium(IV) extraction in this system is ion exchange (3.0 mol/L HCl and τ_cont = 5 min). Electronic, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis were used to determine the composition of the extracted compound.     

Gold(III) and palladium(II) extraction from hydrochloric acid solutions with (RS)-1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole

Gold(III) and palladium(II) extraction from 3 mol/L hydrochloric acid solutions with (RS)-1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole (chloroform diluent) was studied. Optimal extraction conditions were found. Coordination mechanism of extraction was established on the basis of IR and NMR spectra of extracted compounds. Concentrational extraction constants were calculated and thermodynamic parameters of the process were assessed.     

Palladium(II) extraction with 1-{[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole from nitric acid solutions

Palladium(II) extraction from nitric acid solutions with 1-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole in toluene is studied. The reagent efficiently extracts palladium(II) from 0.2–6 M HNO₃ by a coordination mechanism yielding the complex Pd₂(NO₃)₄ S ₃ in the organic phase. The reagent can be used for selective separation of palladium(II) from nickel(II), copper(II), and iron(III) in the specified aqueous phase acidity range.     

Extraction of palladium(II) with (RS)-1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole from nitric acid solutions

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - Palladium(II) is efficiently extracted with (RS)-1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole from 0.2–5.0 M HNO3 solutions and can be selectively...     

Extraction of palladium(II) with 1-{[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl}-1<Emphasis Type=Italic>H</Emphasis>-1,2,4-triazole from nitrate-nitrite solutions modeling the composition of raffinates formed in the PUREX process

Extraction of palladium(II) with 1-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole in toluene from nitrate-nitrite solutions modeling in a number of components the composition of raffinates formed in the PUREX process was studied. Conditions of a tenfold concentration of palladium(II) into an ammonia extract were found.     

Extraction of hydrochloric and nitric acid with 1-{[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole and (RS)-1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-methyl)-pentan-3-ol

Extraction of hydrochloric and nitric acid with 1-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]-methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole (propiconazole) and hydrochloric acid with (RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-methyl)-pentan-3-ol (tebuconazole) was studied. It is established that extraction of acids proceeds with the formation of monosolvates as an exothermic process. Effective extraction constants of acids are evaluated. By means of the IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy it was shown that the protonaccepting center of tebuconazole is N⁴ atom of the triazole ring.     

Reactions of 3,5-dibromo-1-(thiiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-triazole with NH-azoles

Reactions of 3,5-dibromo-1-(thiiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-triazole with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione, 3,5-dibromo-1,2,4-triazole, 2,4,5-tribromoimidazole, and 2-chlorobenzimidazole lead to the formation of 5-azolylmethyl-2-bromo-5,6-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-b]-1,2,4-triazoles. In the case of 8-bromo-1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione the intermediate thiolate anion undergoes cyclization into 7-[(3,5-dibromo-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-6,7-dihydrothiazolo[2,3-f]purine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione. The structure of reaction products depends on the relative rate of substitution of leaving groups in the reagents.     

Extraction of palladium(II) from hydrochloric acid solutions by (RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-pentan-3-ol

The extraction properties of (RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-pentan-3-ol (with chloroform as a diluent) with respect to palladium(II) were studied. Palladium(II) was found to be efficiently extracted by the reagent from 0.1–6 M HCl solutions by the coordination mechanism. The rate of palladium(II) recovery depends on the hydrochloric acid and chloride ion concentrations in the aqueous phase. Conditions for the selective separation of palladium(II) and copper(II) from nickel(II), cobalt(II), and iron(III) were determined.     

Liquid-liquid extraction of rhodium(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions with 1,2,4-triazole derivative

Liquid-liquid extraction of rhodium(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions with a 1,2,4-triazole derivative was studied. Optimal conditions for its recovery were found. Rhodium(III) was shown to be recovered in extraction system by ion-exchange reaction at the time of phase contact not longer than 5 min. When phase contact time increased, rhodium(III) is extracted by a mixed mechanism with simultaneous insertion of two extractant molecules into the inner coordination sphere of rhodium(III) ion. Composition of coordination species of recovered compounds was established by electronic, IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and functional analysis, the structure of the coordination species is proposed.     

Ion exchange extraction of platinum(IV) and palladium(II) from hydrochloric acid solutions

Sorption concentration of platinum(II, IV) and palladium(II) from freshly prepared and aged two-yearold hydrochloric acid solutions by a series of anion exchangers with different functional groups and of different physical structure of Purolite and CYBBER grades was studied. The high sorption ability of the ion exchangers in relation to the extracted chlorocomplexes of noble metals is shown. It was demonstrated that palladium(II) from all tested ion exchangers can be completely desorbed with thiourea solutions acidified with hydrochloric acid, while complete desorption of platinum is achieved only from Purolite S 985 anion exchanger of the complexforming type and Purolite A 111 weak base anion exchanger.     

Extraction of rhodium(III) by 1,3-diamyl-2-imidazolidinethione from hydrochloric acid solutions

The extraction of rhodium(III) with 1,3-diamyl-2-imidazolidinethione from hydrochloric acid solutions was studied. Optimum conditions for rhodium(III) extraction were determined. It was found that rhodium(III) was extracted from a 0.5 M solution of HCl at a phase contact time of 3 h by a coordination mechanism. The composition of the extracted compound was determined using electronic, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, and IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. It was demonstrated that the extracting agent coordinated to the rhodium(III) ion through the sulfur atom.     

Extraction of gold(III) with (RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-methyl)-pentan-3-ol from hydrochloric acid solutions

Extraction of gold(III) with (RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-pentan-3-ol from 3 M hydrochloric acid solutions (with chloroform as a diluent) has been studied. Optimal extraction conditions have been found. The reagent has been shown to extract efficiently metal ion from solutions containing 3 M hydrochloric acid due to formation of coordination bond between gold(III) and the N4 atom of the triazole ring. The coordination mechanism of gold(III) extraction has been proposed on the basis of the data obtained. Concentration constants of extraction have been calculated, and the thermodynamic parameters of extraction have been determined.     

Complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) with 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazole

Novel oligonuclear complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) with 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazole (L) of the composition [M₃L₁₀(H₂O)₂](NO₃)₆ (M = Co(II), Ni(II)), [Ni₃L₆(H₂O)₆]Hal₆ (Hal = Cl^?, Br^?), and [Cu₅L₁₆(H₂O)₂](NO₃)₁₀ · 2H₂O were synthesized and studied by magnetic susceptibility, electronic and IR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction methods. All the above complexes are X-ray amorphous. Antifer-romagnetic exchange interactions between the M²⁺ ions were discovered in the [Co₃L₁₀(H₂O)₂](NO₃)₆ and [Ni₃L₁₀(H₂O)₂](NO₃)₆ complexes, whereas ferromagnetic exchange interactions were observed in the complexes [Ni₃L₆(H₂O)₆]Cl₆, [Ni₃L₆(H₂O)₆]Br₆, and [Cu₅L₁₆(H₂O)₂](NO₃)₁₀ · 2H₂O.     

3-(4,5-Dihydro-1<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)oxazolidines and 3-(4,5-dihydro-1<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)perhydro-1,3-oxazines

3-(4,5-Dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)oxazolidines and 3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)perhydro-1,3-oxazines were synthesized in 54–85% yield by reactions of α-amino alcohols and 3-aminopropan-1-ol, respectively, with formaldehyde and 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles.     

Extraction of palladium(II) with (RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol from nitric acid solutions

Extraction of palladium(II) with (RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol from nitric acid solutions (carbon tetrachloride as diluent, octanol as modifier) was studied. Optimal extraction conditions were found. The reagent was shown to extract efficiently metal ions in a wide range of aqueous phase acidity by coordination mechanism. Aqueous ammonia solution was proposed as stripping agent for palladium(II). Concentrational extraction constants were calculated and thermodynamic parameters of extraction were determined.     

(2S,4R)-2-(溴甲基)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1,3-二氧环戊环-4-甲基苯甲酸酯的合成及晶体结构

合成了标题化合物并测定了其晶体结构。该化合物的化学式为C18H15O4BrCl2, Mr = 446.12。晶体为正交晶系, P212121空间群, 晶胞参数为: a = 7.1540(7), b = 23.367(1), c = 11.161(2) , V = 1865.7(3) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.588 g/cm3, F(000) = 896, (MoK? = 2.515 cm-1, R = 0.037, wR = 0.074, Flack系数为0.14(1)。晶体结构显示, 化合物中有2个手性碳原子, 为(2S,4R)构型, 整个分子呈沿b轴排列的波浪形的链状结构。