R143a气相黏度的实验研究

采用振动盘黏度计对制冷剂R143a的气相黏度进行了实验研究,温度范围为299～338 K、压力范围为0.1～2.69MPa,黏度测量的不确定度为±2.0%.利用得到的实验数据,拟合了R143a的气相黏度方程,黏度实验数据与方程的平均绝对偏差为0.20%,最大偏差为0.97%,可以满足工程应用.     

黏度计测量原理分析与改进

通过分析物理实验教学中常用的两种黏度计的原理,指出它们都存在由测量原理带来的系统误差,并介绍一种能克服上述系统误差的黏度测量装置．     

同轴圆筒旋转黏度计测量原理详析

对同轴圆筒旋转黏度计的测量原理作了深入描述,对于理解旋转黏度计的构造原理以及测量条件,规范流体黏度的计量工作提供了帮助．     

旋转式黏度计指针摆动不稳原因分析

利用NDJ-1型旋转式黏度计(上海天平仪器厂生产)测量液体黏度的实验中,有几种产生误差的原因,其中之一是由于指针摆动不稳而引起的.通过观察分析我们认为,产生此种现象的主要原因是仪器没有调节垂直,或转子外套筒安装不垂直,或仪器本身制作工艺不精良,外套筒轴线与机身轴线不严格在同一条直线上,因而造成指针左右摆动不稳,读数不准,产生误差.可用以下方法解释此种现象.     

转筒黏度计测量液体黏度方法研究

用黏性流体力学理论求得测量装置中旋转液体径向速度梯度的理论公式,进而得到转筒法测量黏度的较精确公式.指出了国内的一些教材和文献在推导中使用近似公式的错误,用参数估计的方法求得测量装置的摩擦阻力力矩,使测量结果得到进一步校正.实验研究表明:按照近似公式与精确公式计算求得的径向速度梯度之差可达到13.1%,求得的液体黏度之差可达到28.6%;在蓖麻油的温度为25.5℃时测得测量装置的摩擦阻力力矩为9.482×10-5 N·m,相当于0.540克重物产生的力矩.     

液体黏度测定实验的Flash仿真

应用Flash软件设计制作了模拟医用物理实验--奥氏黏度计法测酒精的黏度,对应用仿真方法进行医用物理实验教学进行了尝试,并将仿真结果与在同等条件下进行的真实实验结果做了对比.     

Experimental Studies of Liquid Viscosity in Immiscible Al—In Alloys

The liquid viscosity o[ immiscible Al-In alloys was measured using an oscillating-cup viscometer. It has been found that the viscosity of Al-In melts changes abruptly at the critical temperature of liquid-liquid phase separation during the cooling process. The experimental data above the temperature of phase separation are fitted to the Arrhenius equation. The fitted results show that the temperature dependence o[the viscosity obeys the Arrhenius relationship.     

由58Fe 和209Bi 熔合后的相关衰变过程得到的109号元素的证据

本文报导了合成109号元素的实验。用能量为4.95,5.05和5.15MeV/u 的~(58)Fe 束轰击~(209)Bi 靶,研究了全熔合产物衰变模式的特性。总辐照剂量为7×10~(17)粒子。所用的实验方法是:用静电场速度过滤器在飞行过程中分离向前方向成峰的反应产物,经过飞行时间装置后注入到位置灵敏固态探测器中,测量其动能,估算出质量、入射的时间和位置。以所有的出射粒子的能量和时间来记录很有限的反应产物发生级联α粒子和(或)自发裂变的继发衰变。在5.15 MeV/u 时的一个特别的衰变过程是:在5ms 和22ms 先分别发射两个α粒子,最后,在13s 后发生自发裂变。第一个α粒子的动能为11.10±0.04MeV。对各种可能的解释进行了详细的分析,例如纯属偶然的信号相关,转移反应产物的衰变和从能量上看允许的余核蒸发等。最后表明质量数为266的109号元素的同位素、即全熔合后的单中子蒸发道、从统计的观点看是最好的指定。本文同时也讨论了合成新元素的前景。     

Revealing pion and kaon structure via generalised parton distributions

Clear windows onto emergent hadron mass(EHM)and modulations thereof by Higgs boson interactions are provided by observable measures of pion and kaon structure,many of which are accessible via generalised parton distributions(GPDs).Beginning with algebraic GPD Ans?tze,constrained entirely by hadron-scaleπand K valence-parton distribution functions(DFs),in whose forms both EHM and Higgs boson influences are manifest,numerous illustrations are provided.They include the properties of electromagnetic form factors,impact parameter space GPDs,gravitational form factors and associated pressure profiles,and the character and consequences of allorders evolution.The analyses predict that mass-squared gravitational form factors are stiffer than electromagnetic form factors;reveal that K pressure profiles are tighter than profiles,with both mesons sustaining near-core pressures at magnitudes similar to that expected at the core of neutron stars;deliver parameter-free predictions for and K valence,glue,and sea GPDs at the resolving scale l=2GeV;and predict that at this scale the fraction of meson mass-squared carried by glue and sea combined matches that lodged with the valence degrees-of-freedom,with a similar statement holding for mass-squared radii.     

Phase relations in the ZnO-V2O5-K2O system

The subsolidus phase relations of a ZnO-V 2 O 5-K 2 O system are investigated by X-ray powder diffraction.There is 1 ternary compound,11 binary compounds and 14 three-phase regions in this system.The phase diagrams of V 2 O 5 K 2 O with the K 2 O content ranging from 0 to 71 mol% and pseudo-binary system of ZnO-K 2 ZnV 2 O 7 are also studied by X-ray powder diffraction and differential thermal analysis methods.     

转筒法测液体黏度关系式比较研究

对文献中转筒法测液体黏度的几个关系式进行了比较研究,指出了其中的问题.     

振动盘式粘度计及R403B和R413A气相粘度的实验测量

建立了国内第一台振动盘式粘度计测量气体的粘度，扭丝采用钛镍合金丝．得到了测量的工作方程．在利用测量的ＨＣＦＣ２２的气相粘度进行校核的基础上测量了Ｒ４０３Ｂ在温度３０３－３６３Ｋ，压力０．１～２．１４ＭＰａ 内的气相粘度，及Ｒ４１３Ａ在温度３０５～３６３Ｋ，压力０．１～１．８２ ＭＰａ 内的气相粘度，并回归了其粘度计算方程．     

磁流体磁光特性的研究及其应用

研究稀磁液磁致双折射效应与磁液各参量及磁场的关系，并基于其磁光弛豫特性与载液粘度的关系（爱因斯坦方程）初步分析了磁液光纤磁光粘地性及其应用的可行性。     

一种适用于低沸点液体粘度测量的金属毛细管粘度计

本文在传统玻璃毛细管粘度计测量方法的分析基础上,初步研制了一种新的适用于低沸点液体特别是混合物粘度测量的金属毛细管粘度计。新的粘度计通过装置翻转方式来实现液体的升液过程,从而可以避免传统密封型毛细管粘度计由于放气而导致混合物成分变化的缺陷,而且实验方法更加简便,有利于粘度测量准确度的进一步提高。通过用甲苯和无水乙醇,作者对初步研制的金属毛细管粘度计进仃了检验,试验结果表明,粘度测量的误差已经可以控制在10％以内,进一步的研究工作正在继续。     

落针粘度计的理论与实验研究

对一种新颖的粘度计──智能型落钟粘度计进行了实验和理论的研究．并对结果和误差进行了讨论。     

Electron resonance spectra of NCS and vibronically-excited NCO in the gas phase

Near 25 °C, ab initio calculations of the zero-density viscosity of helium gas η _He have an uncertainty of approximately 0.001%, which is 1/40th of the uncertainty of the best measurements. The uncertainties of the published calculations for neon and argon are probably much larger. This paper presents new measurements of the viscosities of neon, argon, and krypton at 25 °C made with a capillary viscometer that was calibrated with helium. The resulting viscosity ratios are η _Ne/η _He?=?1.59836?±?0.00037, η _Ar/η _He?=?1.13763?±?0.00030, and η _Kr/η _He?=?1.27520?±?0.00040. The argon ratio agrees with a recent, unpublished calculation to within the combined uncertainty (measurement plus calculation) of 0.032%. The neon ratio is smaller than the calculated value by 0.13%.     

Observed structural change in poly-n-butyl isocyanate

We report a conformational change observed in poly-n-butyl isocyanate (PBIC) dissolved in carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) with temperature. This change was detected by measuring the reduced viscosity of the polymer solution with a Zimm-Crothers type viscometer of very low shear rate; we found a reversible jump in reduced viscosity whose amplitude depends on concentration, but its position is only molecular weight dependent. This jump goes from lower to higher values of reduced viscosity when we increase the temperature, corresponding to an increase in the hydrodynamic volume of the chain. The largest size of the jump we found was about 3.5% of the viscosity value, and the jump decreased when the concentration approached the overlap concentration c?.