Applications of the Stochastic Adiabatic Approximation

In the previous paperi^[1], we have studied a class of nonlinear stochastic dynamical systems using the stochastic adiabatic approximation. A closed evolution equation for the slow variable u^t is obtained. In the present study, we use the methods proposed by the authors in Refs. [2] and [3] to treat the closed u^t equation which is derived by means of the new eliminating technique developed in Ref. [1] recently. Two important stochastic dynamical models, the simplified single-mode laser model and the stochastic Haken model, are treated concretely. The coupling effect of the additive and the multiplicative noise is found.     

Temporal dynamics of high repetition rate pulsed single longitudinal mode dye laser

Theoretical and experimental studies of temporal dynamics of grazing incidence grating (GIG) cavity, single-mode dye laser pumped by high repetition rate copper vapour laser (CVL) are presented. Spectral chirp of the dye laser as they evolve in the cavity due to transient phase dynamics of the amplifier gain medium is studied. Effect of grating efficiency, focal spot size, pump power and other cavity parameters on the temporal behaviour of narrow band dye laser such as build-up time, pulse shape and pulse width is studied using the four level dye laser rate equation and photon evolution equation. These results are compared with experimental observations of GIG single-mode dye laser cavity. The effect of pulse stretching of CVL pump pulse on the temporal dynamics of the dye laser is studied.     

Slaving Function and Its Convergence

Recently, Hong FU, H: Haken and A. Wunderlin proved the convergence of the slaving principle in a simplified model: the Haken model (HM)^[1]. In the present study, by virtue of introducing an auxiliary series of positive terms corresponding to the formal slaving series of variable terms and solving the nonlinear differential equation for the zero order faat variable so(t), we succeeded in generalizing the Hong FU's method to several typical models.     

Saturated Multi-Photon-Absorption of a Nonmonochromatic Quantized Field

By extending a previously developed method [9] to the case of saturation, the interaction of a nonmonochromatic light beam with a saturable m-photon-absorber (m = 1, 2,…) is theoretically investigated for frequency widths of the incident light being small compared to the bandwidth of the absorber. It turns out that by averaging the exact Heisenberg equation of motion of the operator for the slowly varying field amplitude with respect to the atomic relaxation time and by taking the expectation value over the absorbing atomic system a reduced single-mode equation can be derived, which refers to a mode volume precisely defined in physical terms. The resulting reduced Heisenberg equation of motion for the radiation field is compared to the single-mode density matrix equation following from the method of SCULLY and LAMB . For ideal laser light and for chaotic light it is used to study the change of photon statistics in dependence on the degree of saturation and on the ratio of inhomogeneous and homogeneous linewidth.     

Theory and experiment of CW dye laser injection locking and its application to second harmonic generation

High-power single-mode operation of a cw ring dye laser has been obtained by injection of cw single-mode radiation. The intracavity power of this system was used to generate tunable single-mode uv radiation by frequency doubling in a temperature phase-matched ADA crystal: up to 45 W intracavity fundamental power and up to 70 mW extracted uv power have been observed. A theoretical treatment of the injection locked cw ring dye laser system is given for the stationary state. Expressions for the intracavity intensities as a function of the small-signal gain and the saturation intensity are derived.     

Effect of backscattering on the behavior of a dye ring laser

The effect of backscattering on the behavior of a dye ring laser is investigated by photoelectric counting measurements. It is found that there exist two laser regimes, a low backscattering regime in which the laser exhibits meta-bistability and random mode switching, and a high backscattering regime in which switching is suppressed. In the latter case the photon statistics are similar to those of a single-mode standing wave dye laser.     

Single-longitudinal-mode selection in a nanosecond-pulsed dye laser

We investigate the dynamics of the excited-state population, the cavity photon number, and the spectrum of an optically pumped nanosecond-pulsed dye laser containing bandwidth-narrowing elements in the cavity. We show that, in order to achieve single-mode operation, the pump-pulse duration has to be long enough and the dye concentration sufficiently high. This is partly due to the frequency shift of the laser spectrum during the decrease of the excited-state population towards its steady-state value. We demonstrate a single-mode dye laser, where single-mode selection is realised with the aid of an intracavity Fox–Smith interferometer. In this way we have obtained 5-ns-long pulses at the wavelength of 590 nm with a pulse energy of 6 mJ and a spectral width of 100 MHz (FWHM). Received: 3 December 2001 / Published online: 14 March 2002     

Cavity ring-down measurements in flames using a single-mode tunable laser system

High-resolution pulsed cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) of OH in a flame has been demonstrated using a novel single-mode tunable laser (STL). This system operates by pulse amplification of the output of a single-mode diode laser in a modeless dye laser. Ring-down curves obtained using the narrow-bandwidth STL, for both strong and weak transitions, are shown to be well fitted by single exponentials. These results are demonstrated to be in direct contrast with those obtained using a standard dye laser, for which the bandwidth is comparable to the transition linewidths and ring-down curves require multi-exponential fits.Accurate lineshape analysis is thus made possible using the STL, allowing the temperature to be derived from the measured Doppler width. The resulting measurement is in good agreement with the value derived from a Boltzmann plot of data obtained using a conventional laser in a similar flame. The advantages of using the STL system for quantitative CRDS measurements are discussed, together with a suggestion for quantitative measurements of the ASE content of narrowband lasers using CRDS. PACS 82.33.Vx; 42.60.-v; 42.62.Fi     

Enhanced efficiency and extended wavelength range of dye lasers operated with DCM

It is observed that the efficiency of the DCM dye dissolved in ethylene glycol benzyl alcohol can be enhanced if the dye is preheated at a temperature of 150 °C. Peak powers as high as 1.5 W have been achieved with a single-mode ring dye laser at 640 nm when pumped by 9 W (all lines) from an argon-ion laser. The wavelength region has been also extended beyond both ends of the tuning curve compared to a conventionally prepared DCM dye. Received: 3 September 1999 / Revised version: 9 December 1999 / Published online: 23 February 2000     

激光Maxwell-Bloch 方程时空混沌网络的同步研究

研究了激光Maxwell-Bloch 方程时空混沌网络的同步问题.对单模激光Maxwell-Bloch方程进行了修正. 以N个修正后具有时空混沌特性的单模激光Maxwell-Bloch方程作为网络节点构成复杂网络. 在考虑到网络连接过程中,节点时空混沌系统中的参量可能受到某种干扰而与实际值产生微小偏差的情况下,采用网络第一个节点的时空混沌系统同时并行驱动其余N-1个时空混沌系统达到同步. 进一步通过仿真模拟验证了同步方案的有效性.     

Frequency-locking and single-mode operation of a CW dye ring laser near the atomic lines of a gas discharge

Assuming lens action by the gas discharge we can theoretically substantiate the features of a CW dye ring laser locked near an atomic transition; features such as the dependence of the laser bandwidth and the frequency separation from the atomic transition on the spacing of the curved mirrors and the occurrence of an asymmetric profile for the laser output. The values experimentally obtained for the 588.2 nm absorption line in a neon discharge show good agreement with those predicted by theory. In the strong-locking regime bistable, unidirectional, single-mode operation occurs. This behaviour could be utilized to obtain sharp frequency marks in the tuning range of a CW dye ring laser.     

Taming fluorescence yield of dye insensitive to temperature by non-covalent complex with the host CB[7] for aqueous dye lasers

Quantum yield of fluorescence (QYF) of widely used Rhodamine (RhB) dye in ethanol and water was observed to decrease rapidly with increase in temperature of the dye solutions, which was correlated to enhanced torsional motion of its flexible diethylamino groups. This is harmful for its use in high-average power dye lasers, pumped by copper vapour laser (CVL) or diode-pumped solid-state green laser (DPSSGL), in which bulk temperature of the dye solution was found to increase due to the heat generated by circulation pumps and non-radiative decay processes of excited dye molecules. The QYF of RhB dye in water was found to be not sensitive to temperature in the practical operating region 16–25°C of dye laser by adopting supramolecular route to form an inclusion complex of RhB with the container molecule cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]).     

Continuous wave laser wavelength measurement using the travelling Michelson interferometer

The general design, operating principles, and accuracy limitations of cw laser wavemeters based on the Michelson interferometer are discussed. Device construction and operating practicalities are illustrated by reference to an automatic system built to monitor the wavelength of a Coherent 599-21 single-mode dye laser.     

Spectroscopic Applications of Integrated Tunable Solid-State Dye Laser

A novel type of tunable laser is developed that integrates dye-doped plastics laser waveguides with a distributed feedback structure. The waveguide matrix is dye doped poly-hydroxyethylmethacrylate:methylmethacrylate, and a single-mode waveguide is achieved by refractive index control. The wavelength coverage is over 560-1100 nm using a frequency doubled Nd:YAG microchip laser. The miniaturizing of the optical-pumped solid-state dye laser extended the lifetime to more than million shots and decreased the required laser threshold energy to less than 1 $mUJ. Novel type spectroscopic applications using the multiple wavelength laser array chip are also proposed and demonstrated.     

外腔谐振技术及其应用

本文叙述了连续单模染料激光在外腔谐振中增强的原理,外腔的构成,介绍了外谐振腔在无多普勒光谱测量中的应用,特别在单模连续染料激光倍频中,应用这种外谐振腔使倍频转换效率提高百余倍。     

Physics and technology of tunable pulsed single longitudinal mode dye laser

Design and technology demonstration of compact, narrow bandwidth, high repetition rate, tunable SLM dye lasers in two different configurations, namely Littrow and grazing incidence grating (GIG), were carried out in our lab at BARC, India. The single longitudinal mode (SLM) dye laser generates single-mode laser beams of ∼400 MHz (GIG configuration) and ∼600 MHz (Littrow configuration) bandwidth. Detailed performance studies of the Littrow and GIG dye laser resonators showed that GIG dye laser results in narrower linewidth and broad mode hop free wavelength scanning over 70 GHz. In this paper we present experimental studies carried out on the high repetition rate SLM dye laser system.     

A device based on a grazing-incidence grating for tuning the frequency of a single-mode dye laser

Numerical simulation methods have been used to study and optimize the mechanism based on grazing incidence of the radiation on a diffraction grating for scanning the frequency of a single-mode dye laser. The tuning mechanism uses a glass wedge (an optical reducer) placed in the laser cavity. It is shown that when this cavity is used it is possible by a special choice of parameters to avoid longitudinal mode hopping as the laser frequency is scanned over a broad range. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 67, 53–57 (March 1997)     

Polarization spectroscopy with ultrashort light pulses

We have demonstrated the feasibility of Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy with a train of ultrashort pulses from a synchronously pumped mode-locked dye laser. The sensitivity of the method is compared with saturation spectroscopy with a single-mode laser. Work supported by U.S. Office of Naval Research under contract N00014-78-0403, Lindemann Fellow 1977–78.     

Limiting the intensity of femtosecond pulses with anti-stokes excitation of organic dye solutions

Results of experimental investigations into the nonlinear absorption of the symmetric polymethine 1-butyl -3,3-dimethyl-2-[5-(1-butyl-3,3-dimethyl-3H-benz[e]indoline-2-uledene)-1,3-pentadienyl]-3H-benz[e]indolium perchlorate dye solution excited by radiation of a femtosecond titanium-sapphire laser (20 fs, 800 nm, 75 MHz, and 300 mW) by the open aperture z-scan method are presented. Record limitation of the femtosecond laser radiation intensity (by 300 times at a 93% linear transmission of the medium) was achieved. The nonlinear absorption mechanisms in organic dyes with anti-Stokes excitation by wideband high-power pulsed radiation to the absorption band edge and the prospects for organic dye application for limitation of the femtosecond laser radiation intensity are discussed.     

Design criteria and operating characteristics of a single-mode pulsed dye laser

We have designed and tested a pulsed single-mode dye laser for spectroscopy experiments. The dye laser is pumped by a 6 kHz copper vapor laser to produce up to 230 mW average power at over 5% efficiency in a nearly diffraction limited beam. The dye laser pulse closely resembles the 30 ns pump pulse. Using an electronic servo loop, the 60 MHz wide line can be scanned, without mode hopping, through the 16 GHz permitted by the travel on the piezo driven mirror mount.This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract number W-7405-ENG-78