烯唑醇铜和银配合物的水热合成与晶体结构(英文)

合成了2个新的烯唑醇铜和银配合物:[CuL4Cl2](1),[AgL2]NO3(2)(L=diniconazole)。通过元素分析、红外光谱和X-ray单晶衍射对其结构进行了表征。结构分析表明,1属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数为a=0.882 3(7)nm,b=1.370 5(10)nm,c=1.516 4(11)nm,α=91.507(11)°,β=97.356(9)°,γ=107.683(9)°。2属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,晶胞参数为a=1.229 2(3)nm,b=1.272 1(3)nm,c=2.431 7(5)nm,β=98.694(3)°。1和2都由分子间氢键连接成一维链结构。     

铜配合物[CuL2(ClO4)2]的合成、晶体结构及热稳定性(L=3-对溴苯基-4-对甲苯基-5-(2-吡啶基)-1，2，4-三氮唑)

以3-对溴苯基-4-对甲苯基-5-(2-吡啶基)-1,2,4-三氮唑(L)作为配体,合成了1个铜配合物trans-[CuL2(ClO4)2],对其进行了红外、电喷雾质谱、热重分析和单晶结构表征,该配合物属于三斜晶系,空间群P1,a=0.829 29(15)nm,b=0.854 48(16)nm,c=1.502 7(3)nm,α=83.517(2)°,β=89.200(2)°,γ=73.064(2)°,V=1.011 9(3)nm3,Z=1,R1=0.041 2。单晶结构表明,铜离子处于1个扭曲的八面体配位环境中,2个高氯酸根离子呈反式配位,每个配体L通过三氮唑上的1个氮原子和吡啶氮原子参与配位。热重分析表明该配合物在310℃开始发生分解。     

四(1-烯丙基咪唑)二异硫氰酸镍的合成、结构及电化学性能研究

合成了配合物Ni(Aim)4(SCN)2(Aim=1-烯丙基-1H-咪唑),并采用X射线单晶衍射仪测定了其晶体结构。配合物属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数为:a=0.883 90(18)nm,b=0.953 90(19)nm,c=1.051 5(2)nm,α=70.22(3)°,β=65.29(3)°,γ=86.66(3)°,V=0.754 3(3)nm3,Z=2。在配合物中,每个Ni(Ⅱ)原子分别和来自4个Aim配体的4个氮原子、2个异硫氰酸根的2个氮原子配位,形成八面体配位结构。在晶体中,分子通过C-H…N分子间弱相互作用沿a轴形成一维锯齿结构。电化学研究显示配合物中Ni2+/Ni对的氧化还原是一个准可逆过程。     

基于酰腙和菲咯啉配体的镉、铜配合物的水热合成、晶体结构和性质

合成了一种酰腙类[ONO]三齿Schiff碱5-溴水杨醛缩噻吩-2-甲酰腙(H_2Brsth),并以菲咯啉(Phen)为第二配体通过水热反应制备了两种金属配合物[Cd_2(μ-Brsth)_2(Phen)_2](1)和[Cu(Brsth)(Phen)](2),经元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、荧光光谱、热重分析和X射线单晶衍射分析对它们进行了表征。1的晶体属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶胞参数a=2.116 36(13)nm,b=1.163 35(7)nm,c=1.872 43(12)nm,β=100.981(2)°,V=4.525 6(5)nm~3,Z=4;2的晶体属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数a=0.911 7(2)nm,b=1.089 4(3)nm,c=1.272 9(3)nm,α=64.923(4)°,β=82.006(5)°,γ=67.768(5)°,V=1.059 6(5)nm~3,Z=2。1是一种双核配合物,Cd髤的配位环境为畸变的八体构型;2是一种单核配合物,Cu髤则处于四方锥配位环境。配合物1在443 nm激发光作用下可发射很强的绿色荧光,最大发射波长525 nm,而配体的荧光发射峰则位于475 nm。     

镓的席夫碱配合物的合成及晶体结构

在无水无氧条件下,合成了3个镓的席夫碱配合物GaCl3(C13H11NO)(1)、GaCl3(C14H13NO2)(2)和GaCl3(C13H9ClNO)(3),对它们进行了元素分析、核磁共振、红外光谱等表征,并用X射线衍射测定了配合物的单晶结构。各配合物配位方式均为配体中酚羟基氧原子与中心镓原子配位,在空间上形成畸变的四面体结构。配合物1属于正交晶系,Pnma空间群,晶胞参数:a=1.3295(3)nm,b=0.70115(16)nm,c=1.6164(4)nm,V=1.5068(6)nm3,Z=4,F(000)=744,R1=0.0295,wR2=0.0651。配合物依靠分子间的氢键作用进一步联结成二维网状结构。配合物2属于单斜晶系,P21/n空间群,晶胞参数:a=0.71303(18)nm,b=1.7153(4)nm,c=1.3503(4)nm,β=91.891(5)°,V=1.6507(7)nm3,Z=4,F(000)=808,R1=0.0443,wR2=0.0988。配合物依靠分子间的氢键作用进一步联结成二维网状结构。配合物3属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数:a=0.6986(2)nm,b=1.0449(4)nm,c=1.1369(3)nm,α=78.58(3)°,β=81.06(2)°,γ=87.87(3)°,V=0.8036(5)nm3,Z=2,F(000)=402,R1=0.0515,wR2=0.1244。配合物依靠分子间的氢键作用进一步联结成二维网状结构。     

一维链状配位聚合物{[Cu(μ-H_2L)(L)Cl](ClO_4)_3}_∞的合成、结构及磁性研究(L=N,N'-双(吡啶基-3-亚甲基)-1,5-二氮环辛烷)

设计合成了一个新型吡啶基二氮环配体L(N,N'-双(吡啶基-3-亚甲基)-1,5-二氮环辛烷)及其铜配位聚合物{[Cu(滋-H2L)(L)Cl](ClO4)3}∞(1),研究了此配合物的晶体结构、光谱及磁性质。该配合物属正交晶系,Pnma空间群,晶胞参数为a=3.5170(17)nm,b=1.0440(5)nm,c=1.1966(6)nm,V=4.394(4)nm3,Z=4。配体L以顺式螯合和反式桥联两种不同的配位形式将铜离子连接起来形成一维链状阳离子结构。     

过渡金属-4, 4'-联吡啶配合物的合成及其晶体结构

由过渡金属与4,4'-联吡啶反应,得到两种新型配合物[Zn(4,4'-bpy)~2(H~2O)~2](pic)~2·(4,4'-bpy)·(H~2O)(1)与[Cu(4,4'-bpy)(pic)~2](2)(4,4'bpy:4,4'-联吡啶,pic^-:苦味酸根),进行了元素分析、红外光谱、X射线衍射等表征。X射线衍射结果表明,晶体1属单斜晶系,空间群为C~c,晶胞参数为：a=2.2716(2)nm,b=1.6191(3)nm,c=1.6166(2)nm,β=131.085(7)°,V=4.481(2)nm^3,Z=4;该配合物由4,4'-联吡啶与金属配位形成多孔的二维网,二维网再由未配位的4,4'-联吡啶通过氢键作用沿a方向堆积得三维网状结构,未配位的4,4'-联吡啶、水、苦味酸根离子就被包含在这种网络之中,展示出一定的包合现象,晶体2属三斜晶系,空间群为P1,晶胞参数为：a=0.6100(2)nm,b=1.0186(3)nm,c=1.1046(2)nm,α=107.230(10)°,β=101.992(2)°,γ=97.87(7)°,V=0.6266(3)nm^3,Z=1。在该配合物中,4,4'-联吡啶分子、苦味酸根离子均与铜离子配位,形成一维链状结构。     

La(Ⅲ)、Nd(Ⅲ)与甜菜碱类衍生物形成的包含(H_2O)_6分子簇的配合物的晶体结构（英文）

利用配体1,5-二(3-羧基吡啶基)-N-甲基二乙胺(L)合成2种稀土金属配合物{[La2L4(H2O)2](ClO4)6·6H2O}n(1)和[Nd2L4(DMF)6(H2O)2]2(ClO4)6·4H2O(2)。用红外光谱和X-射线单晶衍射表征配合物的晶体结构。结构分析表明:配合物1属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,其晶胞参数为a=1.496 6(3)nm,b=1.559 7(4)nm,c=1.956 8(4)nm,α=86.776(6)°,β=77.723(7)°,γ=87.168(7)°,Z=2。在配合物1中,一对La髥原子被2个羧基桥联,形成双核结构;双核结构进一步被羧基连接,从而形成平行于c轴的一维链。值得注意的是配合物1的晶体结构中包含着由氢键连接的6个H2O分子组成的水分子簇。配合物2属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数为a=1.040 8(4)nm,b=1.354 1(5)nm,c=2.975(1)nm,α=94.390(8)°,β=91.720(7)°,γ=95.230(4)°,Z=2。配合物2中4个羧基连接一对Nd髥原子,形成四轮状结构,其中2个羧基采取syn-syn双原子桥联模式,而其余2个羧基则采取单原子桥联模式。     

La（Ⅲ）、Nd（Ⅲ）与甜菜碱类衍生物形成的包含（H2O）6分子簇的配合物的晶体结构

利用配体1,5-二(3-羧基吡啶基)-N-甲基二乙胺(L)合成2种稀土金属配合物{[La2L4(H2O)2](ClO4)6·6H2O}n(1)和[Nd2L4(DMF)6(H2O)2]2(ClO4)6·4H2O(2)。用红外光谱和X-射线单晶衍射表征配合物的晶体结构。结构分析表明:配合物1属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,其晶胞参数为a=1.496 6(3)nm,b=1.559 7(4)nm,c=1.956 8(4)nm,α=86.776(6)°,β=77.723(7)°,γ=87.168(7)°,Z=2。在配合物1中,一对La髥原子被2个羧基桥联,形成双核结构;双核结构进一步被羧基连接,从而形成平行于c轴的一维链。值得注意的是配合物1的晶体结构中包含着由氢键连接的6个H2O分子组成的水分子簇。配合物2属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数为a=1.040 8(4)nm,b=1.354 1(5)nm,c=2.975(1)nm,α=94.390(8)°,β=91.720(7)°,γ=95.230(4)°,Z=2。配合物2中4个羧基连接一对Nd髥原子,形成四轮状结构,其中2个羧基采取syn-syn双原子桥联模式,而其余2个羧基则采取单原子桥联模式。     

镍(Ⅱ)/2,4,6-吡啶三酸配合物的合成和结构(英文)

采用水热方法合成了镍(Ⅱ)/2,4,6-吡啶三酸(H3L=2,4,6-pyridinetricarboxylic acid)的配合物(1);利用红外光谱和单晶X射线衍射表征了其晶体结构.配合物1属三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.020 27(15)nm,b=1.112 93(17)nm,c=1.461 6(2)nm,α=75.026(3)°,β=78.291(2)°,γ=65.384(2)°,V=1.449 0(4)nm3,Z=2.配合物中的镍(Ⅱ)离子处于两种不同的配位环境.其中部分镍(Ⅱ)离子与配体中的两个羧基及氮原子配位,其余的镍(Ⅱ)离子与六个水分子配位;而配体吡啶环上的4-位羧基未与Ni(Ⅱ)离子配位.与此同时,配合物中形成复杂的氢键,通过氢键连接形成三维结构.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。