原子荧光光谱法同时测定化妆品中砷和汞

研究了原子荧光光度法同时测定化妆品中的砷和汞，并试验了硼氢化钠浓度、共存离子的影响，优化了仪器条件。方法回收率分别在：As88．7％-101．0％、Hg97．0％-107．2％之间，砷和汞的检出限分别为0．026μg／L和0．020μg／L；线性范围为As0．5—100μg／L、Hg0.5—70μg／L；RSD(n=6)As1．4％、Hg2．5％。方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等优点，可用于化妆品中As、Hg的测定。     

原子荧光光谱法测定中药中的汞

采用原子荧光光谱法测定了中药中汞，考察并优化了影响汞原子荧光强度的实验条件；提出硫脲-柠檬酸-Fe^3 作为增感剂以增强汞的荧光信号；探讨了共存离子对汞测定的干扰及其消除方法。在最佳工作条件下，方法的检出限为5．748μg／L；相对标准偏差为1．56％；线性范围为0—1000μg／L。用于6种中药样品中汞的测定，回收率为90．4％-109．6％。     

冷原子吸收光谱法测定饲料中痕量汞

本文使用汞原子发生装置与原子吸收仪联用，采用冷原子吸收光谱法测定饲料中的痕量汞，方法检出限为0.19μg/L；回收率为95％－103％；相对标准偏差为1.9%。该方法简便、准确度高、重现性好，适用于饲料中痕量汞的测定。     

冷原子荧光法测定中药中的痕量汞

本文应用冷原子荧光法，采用HNO3－H2O2的湿法消解体系，建立了中药中痕量汞的测定方法。同时，对样品的前处理方法和仪器工作条件进行了探讨和优化。在选定的实验条件下，测得检出限为0.03μg/L，用国标物质桃叶验证结果与推荐值一致；用于实际样品的测定获得了满意的结果。     

硼氢化钠还原-无色散原子荧光法测定电池中汞

建立了汞的硼氢化钠还原－无色散原子荧光测定方法,在最佳条件下,荧光强度与汞浓度在0－25ug/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为0．9992,检出限为0．02ug/L,用本方法测定电池中的汞,回收率为91．6－103．1％,相对标准偏差不超过4．2％。     

流动注射化学发光法测定头孢氨苄

基于头孢氨苄（CEX）降解产物中有还原性的巯基（SH）基团，在0．2mol/L的H2SO4介质中，能与Ce(Ⅳ）产生化学发光反应，罗丹明6G可敏化其发光强度，结合流动注射技术，考察了本体系的化学发光条件，建立了一种测定头孢氨苄的化学发光新方法。该法线性范围为0．05－10．0μg/mL，相关系数r=0.9984,检出限为0．02μg/mL，对1．0μg/mL的头孢氨苄标准溶液进行连续9次平行测定，相对标准偏差为1．4％。     

ICP-AES测定饮用水源中的Cu、Mn、Pb、Cd、Zn

用ICP－AES法同时测定饮用水源中的Cu、Mn、Pb、Cd、Zn等重金属元素，具有基体效应小、测量范围宽等优点。检出限为0．2－4．0μg/L，回收率为91．5％－103．9％，相对标准偏差为0．29％－1．5％，测定密码样与实际样品，结果令人满意。     

HPLC法测定硫化促进剂DM的含量

本文应用高效液相色谱法测定硫化促进剂DM的含量。采用HypersilBDS-C18色谱柱，流动相为磷酸二氢钾溶液（0．1mol/L）：乙腈＝2：3，检测波长为254nm。测定线性范围为0．16－1．4μg。     

荧光法直接测定环境水中痕量苯酚

研究了荧光分光光度通过控制酸度直接测定环境水中苯酚的新方法。在pH＝1时，直接测定苯酚的含量，波长为λex／λem＝270／297nm，检出限为4．0g/mL，线性范围为0－3．2μg/mL。回收率为99％－101％。     

超声提取-反相高效液相色谱法测定牛膝中蜕皮甾酮

比较了超声提取与回流提取法在提取牛膝中活性成分蜕皮甾酮的提取效率，在频率为1100kHz时超声提取40min可获得稳定的提取效率。采用Shim-Pack CLC-ODS色谱柱，甲醇：水＝40：60（V／V，％）为流动相，在波长248nm下，测定牛膝中蜕皮甾酮，线性范围为2－200μg/mL（r=0．9998），检出限为0．052μg/mL（S/n=3），加标加收率为98．3％－103％。     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.