根田鼠母体繁殖投入对子代质量的影响

本研究在实验室条件下,利用根田鼠母体繁殖和子代发育参数,分析其母体繁殖投入对子代质量的影响,目的在于探讨子代胎仔数与胎仔质量间的权衡理论.结果表明,母体体重与其繁殖投入不存在显著相关关系,子代胎仔数与初生窝重间存在显著的正相关关系与初生均重间存在显著的负相关关系.结论支持哺乳动物胎仔数与胎仔质量间权衡假设.     

光周期对叉角厉蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响

为探明光周期对叉角厉蝽生长发育及繁殖的影响.在温度(26±1)℃,相对湿度(70±7)%的条件下,测定了7组光周期分别为24L∶0D, 16L∶8D, 14L∶10D, 12L∶12D, 10L∶14D, 8L∶16D, 0L∶24D条件下叉角厉蝽的生长发育和繁殖情况.结果表明,光周期对叉角厉蝽生长发育和繁殖有显著的影响.随着光照时间的增加,叉角厉蝽若虫发育历期和产卵前期缩短,若虫存活率、雌雄成虫寿命、产卵次数、产卵量和孵化率先增加后降低.当光周期为0L∶24D时若虫发育历期(19.02 d)和产卵前期最短(8.35 d); 16L∶8D条件下雌雄成虫寿命寿命最长,分别为50.81 d和47.47 d,产卵次数最多(15.76次),产卵量(663.1粒)和孵化率最高(85.77%).综上所述,光周期为16L∶8D时最适合叉角厉蝽生长发育和繁殖.     

乙醇对雄性大鼠睾丸、附睾、血清睾酮和血浆cAMP水平的影响

利用含15％和35％乙醇的水溶液作为雄性大鼠的饮用水,观察了乙醇对雄性性器官及血清睾酮和血浆c AMP水平的影响。结果表明,乙醇对附睾重及血清睾酮水平均具有较强的抑制作用,对血清睾酮水平的抑制作用存在剂量依赖关系。同时,血浆cAMP水平也受到抑制,但不存在剂量依赖关系。实验结果提示,乙醇可能是通过降低血清睾酮水平而实现对附睾的抑制作用,而乙醇通过抑制cAMP可能是导致血清睾酮水平下降的机理之一。     

根田鼠身体大小生长发育规律研究

在实验室条件下,利用根田鼠1~70日龄体长、尾长、后足长、耳长以及毛长等身体生长发育的主要参数,分析其身体大小生长发育的基本规律,目的在于揭示根田鼠的次级生产过程。结果表明,根田鼠1~70日龄身体上述指标随发育时间呈多项式方式增长,决定系数(R2)均>0.9。各指标在33日龄后保持稳定,表明此阶段是根田鼠性器官发育的起始点。     

Relationship between El Nino /South Oscillation (ENSO) and population outbreaks of some lemmings and voles in Europe

Ecologists have been puzzled by population cycles of lemmings and voles for the over 70 years. At present, our understanding and explanation to this phenomenon remain controversial. Recently, El Ni?o/South Oscillation has attracted attention of ecologists on its links with population outbreaks of terrestrial animals. This paper aims to investigate the statistical relationship between outbreaks of microtine rodents and ENSO events by scanning available literature. During 1862—1894, outbreaks of Norway lemmings in Norway tended to occur in the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) peak years or 1 year after the SOI peak years with an approximate significance level ( p = 0.057). During 1885—1931, outbreaks of voles in France tended to occur 1 year before the SOI peak years (p = 0.01). During 1946—1993, outbreaks of lemmings and voles in North Finland tended to occur 1 year before the SOI peak years with a significant level (p = 0.022); the peaks of population abundance corresponded well to the SOI trough years (equal to 1 year before the SOI peak years). Outbreaks of common voles in Poland during 1946—1975 tended to occur in the SOI peak years or 1 year before the SOI peak years (p = 0.011), and also tended to occur 1 year before the SOI peak years (p = 0.030). It was also found that the rodent outbreaks in Norway and France, rodent outbreaks in Finland and Poland synchronized well. It was suggested that the ENSO-related climate or food were key factors in causing outbreaks of microtine rodents in Europe.     

多效唑对小麦生长,产量和蛋白质含量的影响

本文初步研究了多效唑对小麦生长动态，籽粒产量及蛋白质含量的影响，主要结果是：喷施多效唑能明地抑制茎节及叶片的生长，使株高降低，特别是对上部间的伸长抑制较严重，但节间，叶片和穗部的干物质积累却有增加，不同喷施浓度处理中，以喷施２００ｍｇ／Ｌ多效唑处理的产量最高，不同氮肥基础上喷施多效唑的产量平均比对照增产幅度为６．４４－１０．００％，喷施多效唑对蛋白质含量的增加也有积极作用。     

Sequence analysis of the gene correlated with cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in rape-seed (Brassica napus) Polima and Shaan 2A

orf224 is a CMS-related mitochondrial gene discovered in Polima cytoplasm. Shaan 2A CMS line is the parent of the first rapeseed hybrid cultivar Qinyou No. 2that has been grown in many regions of China. In this work,genomic DNA of Polima CMS line and Shaan 2A CMS line were used as templates, two primers of specific oligonucleoamplification fragments were cloned into pGEM-T Easy vectors and DNA sequences were determined. The CMSassociated gene, orf224-1 present in Shaan 2A CMS line, has a sequence highly homologous to the orf224 of the Polima CMS line, except for one nucleotide at position +398. There were only one base (AAC→AGC) and one amino acid (Asn →Ser) differences between the two. The homologies of the two sequences in nucleotide and. amino acid were 99.9 % and 99.6%, respectively. It is concluded that orf224 in Polima CMS line and orf224-1 of Shaan 2A CMS line are the allele at the same locus in mitochondria.``     

涪江下游川西黑鳍鱼泉胚胎和幼鱼发育研究

川西黑鳍Ｑｕａｎ成熟卵椭圆形或圆形,桔黄色,卵径１．７～２．２ｎｍ,受精卵遇水膨胀,胶膜直径３．０～３．４ｍ,无粘性,比重略大于水,在（１９．０～２７．２）℃下从受精到孵化历时１４２ｈ１５ｍｉｎ,有２种出膜方式：一是突然弹射而出;二是以头部破膜而出;二是以头部破膜而出,初孵仔鱼全长９０ｄ,分为１１期,初孵仔鱼发育较完善,仔稚鱼各鳍基部均有黑斑,这是川西黑鳍Ｑｕａｎ的典型特征。     

配水管网中总磷、微生物可利用磷对细菌再生长的影响

对某市管网水取样研究了管网水中总磷（TP）和微生物可利用磷（MAP）含量的变化规律及其对细菌在生长的影响。随水力停留时间的增长,管网水中 TP和MAP含量总体呈现降低的趋势。由于悬浮菌、管壁生物膜和颗粒物的共同作用,管网水中的 TP和MAP含量均出现了上升的现象。管网水中总磷（2．93～21．66μg/L）和MAP（0．69～80．1μgPO43--P/L）含量均较高,分析各取样点 TP、MAP与异养菌平板计数（HPC）的相关性表明,TP和MAP均不是该管网限制细菌再生长的主要因素。     

大西南出海通道(广西段)区域发展战略构想

在全面分析大西南出海通道(广西段)沿线区域发展优势和制约因素的基础上,提出了“强化基础,优化产业,以轴连点,层次开发,开拓创新,保护环境,持续发展．”的开发战略构想,并对实施发展战略的政策、措施和建议作了阐述．     

壳寡糖对Hela细胞的增殖抑制与诱导凋亡

为了明确壳寡糖(COS)对Hela细胞的增殖抑制作用及对凋亡的影响,采用3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)法检测增殖抑制作用,Wrights-Giemsa及吖啶橙-溴乙锭(AO-EB)染色观察凋亡细胞的形态,Annexin V-FITC/PI法检测凋亡率,免疫组化法分析Bax,Bcl-2和Survivin表达量变化.结果显示:不同浓度COS处理Hela细胞均能抑制增殖,5.0mg/mL并作用24h对其增殖抑制率为52.15%(P0.01).Wrights-Giemsa染色显示细胞形态趋近圆形,贴壁能力减弱,出现凋亡小体.AO-EB染色时细胞出现早期和晚期凋亡现象.AnnexinV-FITC/PI检测细胞凋亡率为31.75%(P0.05).免疫组化分析细胞内Bax表达量增加,Bcl-2和Survivin表达量降低.表明COS能够抑制Hela细胞增殖并诱导凋亡,其原因与Bax的上调和Bcl-2与Survivin的下调相关.     

Sequence analysis of the gene correlated with cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in rape-seed (Brassica napus) Polima and Shaan 2A

orf224 is a CMS-related mitochondrial gene discovered in Polima cytoplasm. Shaan 2A CMS line is the parent of the first rapeseed hybrid cultivar Qinyou No. 2 that has been grown in many regions of China. In this work, genomic DNA of Polima CMS line and Shaan 2A CMS line were used as templates, two primers of specific oligonucleotides at 5′ and 3′ ends were used, PCR was performed, the amplification fragments were cloned into pGEM-T Easy vectors and DNA sequences were determined. The CMS-associated gene, orf224-1 present in Shaan 2A CMS line, has a sequence highly homologous to the orf224 of the Polima CMS line, except for one nucleotide at position +398. There were only one base (AAC→AGC) and one amino acid (Asn →Ser) differences between the two. The homologies of the two sequences in nucleotide and amino acid were 99.9% and 99.6%, respectively. It is concluded that orf224 in Polima CMS line and orf224-1 of Shaan 2A CMS line are the allele at the same locus in mitochondria.