4单元矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线的理论分析和数值模拟

 提出了一种便于组合的矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线。介绍了该矩形阵列天线的提出背景以及工作原理,分析了L型电磁组合探针的耦合特性,设计并数值模拟了中心频率为4.0 GHz的4单元矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线。模拟结果表明：该天线易于实现单元天线激励幅度和相位的均匀性及其随频率变化的平坦性。该口径为90 mm×90 mm 的天线在中心频率4.0 GHz 下,方向性系数为12.57 dB,轴向轴比值1.55;在3.60～4.05 GHz的频率范围内方向性系数大于11.6 dB,轴比小于1.55,反射系数小于0.2。     

传输矩阵法分析微环谐振器阵列传输特性

微环谐振器可用作未来高密度、超大规模集成光路的基本构件,其重要发展方向之一是多环化、阵列化,微环谐振器阵列近来成为研究的热点。基于定向耦合器、环形谐振腔、直波导腔的基本单元传输矩阵,建立了用于分析微环谐振器阵列传输特性的传输矩阵模型。讨论了列间距对传输特性的影响,并数值模拟了不同尺度的奇数行和偶数行情况下谐振器阵列的传输特性。结合此传输矩阵模型,讨论了通过改变微环谐振器阵列的尺度以及耦合系数以实现滤波特性改善的方案。最后数值研究了最小尺度微环谐振器阵列传输特性与腔间耦合系数的关系。     

垂直腔面发射激光器相干耦合阵列二维光束偏转

通过建立数值模型,分析了垂直腔面发射激光器相干耦合阵列单元数量、单元间距、单元间相位差对光束质量及偏转角度的影响.仿真结果表明,单元数量越多,发散角越小;单元间距越小,旁瓣强度越小;单元间相位差越大,偏转角度越大.因此,设计相干阵列时,需要尽量减小单元间距,增大阵列规模,实现单元间大相位差的控制.实验制备了3单元相干耦合阵列,通过分离电极实现了单元注入电流的独立控制以及单元间相位差的控制,最终实现二维方向上的光束操控.     

半导体激光阵列谱合束系统中光束串扰物理机制分析

在外腔反馈半导体激光谱合束系统中,由于半导体激光阵列的“smile”效应、外腔中光学元件制作误差等因素,激光阵列一子单元发射光束经过外腔返回注入其他子单元,在两子单元之间形成光束串扰并影响合束特性.本文从耦合腔光束谐振角度出发,基于光反馈半导体激光器速率方程,构建了耦合腔谐振模型,推导了激光器稳态输出时能在耦合腔中起振的光束模式.结合耦合腔模式竞争机制与耦合腔谐振模型分析由两子单元间距变化引起的不同串扰对锁定光谱和合束效率的影响.结果表明子单元间的串扰行为会造成光谱峰值下降、光谱偏移、边缘毛刺以及合束效率劣化.相比距离更远的两子单元之间的高阶串扰,距离更近的两子单元间的低阶串扰对合束特性的劣化程度更大.最后,为证明该模型的正确性和有效性,对所得分析结果进行了实验验证,实验观测到在串扰影响下的光谱结构与理论分析一致.     

体布拉格光栅外腔实现激光二极管阵列同相模输出

 采用体布拉格光栅作为商用二极管激光阵列外腔,通过将每个单元发出的光反馈回相邻单元实现了外腔锁相。采用这种方法对发光单元宽度为100 μm、周期为200 μm,由49个单元构成的二极管阵列进行了外腔锁相实验,在远场获得了高光束质量、窄带宽的稳定输出。二极管激光阵列自由运转下功率为15 W,经外腔锁相后输出功率为3.67 W,对应光束远场发散角1.47 mrad, 光谱的峰值半宽由1.7 nm压窄到0.17 nm。     

外腔锁相二极管激光列阵的超模

 利用耦合理论推导了通过外腔反馈实现锁相运行的激光二极管列阵所满足的本征值方程。在忽略非相邻单元间耦合的串联运行方式下，解析求解了包括端面反射的列阵方程的本征值。求出了各阶超模的近场分布，并得到了考虑单个发光单元影响时的远场分布，具体为：当列阵运行于基超模时，近场各个单元间的光场同相，在远场中心位置出现光强主极大；而在其它高阶模式，近场各个单元间光场不同相，远场光强主极大出现在中心位置两侧；远场总体受到单个发光单元近场分布函数的调制。     

二维正方排列圆柱状亥姆赫兹共振腔阵列局域共振声带隙的研究

通过对二维正方排列圆柱状亥姆赫兹共振腔阵列声性质的研究,指出局域共振型声子晶体中存在两类耦合作用, 即共振单元与基体的弱耦合作用及共振单元间的耦合作用.其中前一种耦合作用可以通过改变共振单元的品质因子而改变, 逐渐减小这种耦合作用可以实现从局域共振到布拉格共振的连续转变;后一种耦合是通过共振单元周围的近场耦合实现的, 通过减小共振单元的间距可以增大其耦合强度,因而增大带隙宽度,但带隙中波的衰减深度却是随这种耦合强度的增大而减小的.     

采用多波长光束组合改善二极管激光阵列的光束质量

 基于多波长光束组合技术,利用光栅的衍射和外腔的反馈,将二极管阵列的发光单元锁定在不同的波长上,相邻单元的出射光波长有微小的差异。从外腔耦合镜输出近似平行的光束,其光束质量等同于单个发光单元的光束质量,而组合光束亮度随着组合光束个数定标放大。实验中采用发光单元宽度为100 μm、填充因子为0.5、由49个单元构成的1 cm 阵列获得功率为2.39 W的输出光束,其光谱宽度为27 nm,远场光斑的直径为0.08 mm,对应的远场发散角为1.2 mrad,其光束质量因子约为28,与单个发光单元的光束质量相当。     

高功率单层径向线螺旋阵列天线的设计与模拟

 在研究磁探针耦合特性的基础上，设计了中心频率为4.0 GHz的3圈36单元高功率单层径向线螺旋阵列天线，各圈距中心位置分别为45，90，135 mm，单元个数分别为6，12，18。该天线采用磁探针代替电探针给短螺旋单元天线馈电，通过同轴-径向线模式转换器实现径向线TEM外行波激励，采用调整磁探针的探入深度和绕轴旋转短螺旋单元天线的方法改变单元的激励幅度与激励相位。数值模拟结果表明：该口径为324 mm的天线在中心频率上可获得21.58 dB的增益，口径效率可达78.2％，轴向轴比值为1.73；在3.8～4.2 GHz的频率范围内增益大于20.85 dB，口径效率大于73.2％，轴向轴比值小于2.0，反射系数小于0.27，辐射效率大于93%。     

辐射环境中探测Compton电子束流的Rogowski线圈

在金属腔体内电磁脉冲(IEMP）实验研究中，需要同时测量入射γ剂量率和腔体内的电场、磁场以及TEMP的激励源——Compton电流。Compton电流跟随着γ脉冲变化，它们有相似的波形。其电流密度JC与入射的γ剂量率D(Gy(Si)／s)之间呈线性关系。即JC=fkD式中，f为前端面的γ衰减系数；K为辐照系数，表示γ-Compton电流转换效率。     

DLA光源质量对光栅-外腔谱合成系统光束质量的影响

在二极管激光阵列(DLA)光栅-外腔谱合成系统中,由于DLA存在子单元光束发散角、“smile”效应的位置偏差及指向性偏差等因素的综合作用,将导致合成光束的光束质量降低。综合考虑DLA子单元光束发散角、“smile”效应等因素对谱合成系统中光束传输特性的影响,建立了DLA光栅-外腔谱合成系统的光传输模型,进而对谱合成系统中DLA子单元光束发散角、“smile”效应的位置偏差及指向性偏差等因素对合成光束的光束质量影响进行了定量分析。结果表明,DLA光源质量会明显影响合成光束的光束质量：DLA子单元光束发散角和“smile”效应引入的指向性偏差越大,合成光束的光束质量就越差;“smile”效应引入的位置偏差在合束方向上对合成光束的光束质量没有影响,而在非合束方向上引入的位置偏差将会明显降低合成光束的光束质量。在实际工作应用中,需要采取措施提高DLA光源质量,以减小对合成光束的光束质量影响。     

Tm3+ cladding-doped fiber for selective wavelength filtering in high-power pump lasers

Scattering and reflection of transmission band power in a fiber amplifier cause increased bit-error rates through multiple path interference (MPI). We report a passive method for reducing MPI contributions from the front facet of a 980-nm fiber-Bragg-grating-stabilized pump laser by use of a Tm3+-doped fiber pigtail between the diode facet and the fiber Bragg grating. Optical return loss in the C band is reduced to below -30 dB.     

Theoretical analysis on phase-locking properties of a laser diode array facing an external cavity

External coupling model has been used to describe the output field of a laser diode array (LDA) phase-locked with an external cavity. The analytical solution for the coupling matrix equation of the phase-locked system has been obtained. The dependencies of the threshold gain, g_j of the system mode on the residue reflection of the front facet, r_f and round trip external cavity lengths, L have been discussed. The working lengths of the external cavity for stably phase-locking the LDA of different residual reflectivities have been calculated.     

Inclusion of thermal boundary resistance in the simulation of high-power 980 nm ridge waveguide lasers

A state-of-the-art laser diode simulation tool has been used to investigate how phonon reflection at epitaxial interfaces impacts upon the performance of high-power 980 nm ridge waveguide lasers. Due to the inclusion of phonon reflection, a 0.5 K increase in quantum well temperature and a reduction in front facet output power of up to 0.6 mW is observed. The results demonstrate that whilst this effect is relatively small, a first order correction should be made to obtain accurate simulation results.     

64单元矩形径向线阵列天线馈电网络的设计

 提出并设计了一种新型耦合探针,研究表明,该探针能有效地扩大耦合调节范围,并基于此探针,研究了中心频率为2.1 GHz的64单元矩形径向线天线阵馈电网络,并进行了优化设计。模拟结果表明:该口径为744 mm×744 mm的馈电网络在中心频率处能达到64路近似等幅馈电,中心频率处的反射系数小于0.1,在2.05～2.15 GHz的频带范围内,反射系数小于0.2。     

Grating coupler efficiency enhancement by double layer interference

A simple method for improving grating couplers' coupling efficiency without any extra microfabrication processes is proposed. This method can improve the coupling efficiency with 1.69 dB by utilizing the combined interference in the cladding layer and air gap between the cladding surface and the paralleled angle polished fiber facet. The proposed method can be applied to various kinds of on-chip grating couplers. Back reflection,1 dB bandwidth, and fiber alignment tolerance have also been improved at the same time.     

New Approach to Investigation of Tunable External Cavity Semiconductor Lasers

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Light Squeezing in a Fabry–Perot Cavity

A quantum mechanical model for the study of quadrature squeezing in radiation coming out of Fabry–Perot cavity containing nonlinear Kerr medium has been proposed. We have incorporated the vacuum fluctuations entering in the cavity through unused ports. The analysis has been applied to a sample of GaAs filled in the Fabry–Perot cavity and irradiated by an off-resonant Co:MgF₂ laser. Limitations on achievable squeezing due to incident pump power, interaction time, nonlinear coupling parameter and facet reflectivities have been discussed and it is seen that low reflectivity of front facet and high reflectivity of rear facet of the cavity produces substantial squeezing.     

The effect of facet reflections in index-coupled distributed feedback lasers with coated facets

The effect of facet reflections and different grating parameters on side-mode suppression ratio in index-coupled distributed feedback lasers without a phase-shift section is analyzed. The effect of uncontrollable facet positions on side-mode suppression ratio is studied when the grating coupling coefficient, the grating filling factor, the grating order, the device length and the facet reflectivities are varied. The single-mode device yield and the facet reflectivities needed for achieving a high yield are evaluated, the reflectivity of the anti-reflection coated facet is optimized as a function of the coupling strength and the effect of facet reflections on the other laser characteristics is shown.     

Coulomb blockade oscillations in the thermopower of open quantum dots

We consider Coulomb blockade oscillations of thermoelectric coefficients of a single electron transistor based on a quantum dot strongly coupled to one of the leads. An analytic expression for the thermopower as a function of temperature T and the reflection amplitude r in the quantum point contact is obtained. Two regimes can be identified: TEC/r/2, where EC is the charging energy of the dot. The former regime is characterized by a weak logarithmic dependence of the thermopower on the reflection coefficient, in the latter the thermopower is linear in the reflection coefficient /r/2 but depends on temperature only logarithmically.