基于单个和级联电吸收调制器超短光脉冲的产生

为研究电吸收调制器(EAM)产生超短光脉冲的性能,在考虑电吸收调制器频率响应的基础上,通过数值模拟和实验研究的方法,从理论和实验上研究了基于国产单个和级联电吸收调制器的超短光脉冲产生,实验和理论相符.基于单EAM可以产生占空比近12%的短脉冲,级联EAM可产生占空比为8%的短脉冲.     

3.4μm处NO2吸收光谱特性及在差分吸收激光雷达中的应用

为使中红外差分吸收激光雷达能够精确测量NO_2气体浓度,对NO_2在中红外波段的吸收光谱特性进行测量分析.采用光参量放大激光器的λon和光参量振荡激光器λoff两路激光分别进行吸收谱线测量实验.用谱线宽小于0.05nm的λon激光测量了NO_2气体在3 410～3 433nm的吸收光谱,计算得到其吸收截面,采集分析了NO_2在291K、308K、363K三个温度下的光谱特性,用谱线宽约为10nm的λoff激光采集了3 400～3 435nm的吸收谱线.测量结果表明,在3 410～3 433nm波段,温度和吸收截面值呈负相关,测量的谱线与HITRAN数据库相关系数达到0.92以上;针对λoff激光下的吸收谱线,采用了改进的卷积修正方法,测量结果和拟合结果相关系数为0.97.将实测的on和off波长处的吸收截面应用于使用该波长对的中红外差分吸收激光雷达仿真上,拟合差分吸收激光雷达系统浓度测量误差,验证了基于该波长对的差分吸收激光雷达方案的可行性.     

基于扣除法的电吸收调制器本征特性分析方法

基于电吸收调制器的工作原理和等效电路模型对调制器的高频响应特性进行分析,提出了一种采用频率响应扣除法提取有源区本征响应的仿真新方法.该方法能简单地去掉封装网络、夹具及光探测仪器等带来的影响,用该方法得到了待测lnGaAs/InAIAs材料电吸收调制器准确的的高频本征响应特性.     

单层膜体吸收与界面吸收研究

采用热透镜测量方法进行了SiO₂和HfO₂单层膜的体吸收与界面吸收分离研究.首先推导了光从薄膜侧及基底侧入射时单层膜内的驻波场分布,给出了单一厚度薄膜分离体吸收和界面吸收的计算方程式以及求解薄膜消光系数的方法.利用电子束蒸发工艺制备了半波长光学厚度(λ=1064 nm)的SiO₂和HfO₂单层膜,通过热透镜的测量数据实际分离了两种薄膜的体吸收和界面总吸收.计算结果表明,对于吸收小至10^{-6关键词： 驻波场理论 光热技术 薄膜吸收 消光系数}     

具有分光功能的电吸收调制器分析

利用有限差分光束传播法和导模传输分析法,对GaAs/AlGaAs多量子阱波导型电吸收调制器和多模干涉型分束器的光传播特性进行了理论分析,提出了制作具有分光功能的电吸收调制器的设想,并进行了模拟和实验验证.     

半导体特性的调制自由载流子吸收变距频率扫描方法研究

根据调制自由载流子吸收（modulated free carrier absorption,MFCA）检测技术的三维理论模型,采用变间距频率扫描方式测量单晶硅样品的电子输运参数,进行了仿真与实验,对结果进行了分析;通过多参数拟合,获取了测试样品的载流子扩散系数、少数载流子寿命和前表面复合速度.仿真与实验都表明,变间距频率扫描结合多参数拟合,可以提高输运参数的测量精度. 关键词： 调制自由载流子吸收 电子输运参数 变间距频率扫描 多参数拟合     

基于电吸收调制器的高速时钟信号的提取

对高速光时分复用系统中(2×10 Gb/s)基于电吸收调制器(EAM)的注入光电混合振荡器的时钟提取方法进行了实验验证. 实验证明,光电混合振荡器必须保证一定的增益才能提取出时钟,在此基础上,无论光电混合振荡器内或外的光功率的增加,将增加提取时钟的幅度,减小提取时钟的时间抖动.当偏置电压一定时,射频幅度增加,则电吸收调制器的窗口变窄,提取时钟幅度增大,抖动减小.     

基于QCL-TDLAS的NH3浓度测量仿真研究

可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱（tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy,TDLAS）作为一种新型气体浓度测量技术被广泛应用于NH₃浓度测量领域。利用Matlab可视化建模仿真软件Simulink分别实现了以中远红外量子级联激光器（quantum cascade laser,QCL）和近红外分布反馈式激光器（distributed feedback laser,DFB）做为光源的NH₃浓度TDLAS直接吸收测量仿真,并且分别在常温常压和烟气脱硝出口环境参数下理论分析了NH₃浓度测量灵敏度、检测限和分辨率。仿真结果表明:与传统近红外DFB光源相比,QCL-TDLAS系统理论灵敏度高约50倍,检测限与分辨率可达ppb量级,痕量NH₃浓度测量能力得到大幅度提升。仿真过程和结果为QCL-TDLAS技术在NH₃浓度测量方面的研究提供了理论依据。     

GaAs半导体中三光子吸收系数的光学测量

本文首次报道了采用非线性光透射技术(NLT)测量λ=2.06μm激光激发下GaAs本征半导体中三光子吸收的实验研究.观察到了三光子吸收及所伴随的自由载流子的激发态吸收,并测得了三光子吸收系数.实验测量结果与理论计算结果比较,符合较好.     

超导薄膜磁场穿透深度的精确测量

磁场穿透深度λ是超导体的一个基本参数,目前,一般测试穿透深度的实验只能给出其变化量Δλ＝λ（Ｔ）－λ（０）,而不能得到λ的绝对值．并且由于测量精度的限制,用给定的理论模型拟合实验结果而得到的λ也有很大的不确定性．本文对此进行了详细的分析,并用双线圈互感法研究了超导薄膜穿透深度的精确测量,并给出了磁控溅射Ｎｂ膜的测量结果．我们的研究表明,这一方法能较为准确地给出λ的绝对值,从而避免了以往的测量及拟合所导致的不确定性．基于ＢＣＳ理论并考虑样品有限的电子平均自由程后,理论计算结果与我们的测量结果吻合较好     

基于同伦技术的Burgers方程的小波精细积分算法

以Burgers方程为例,结合区间小波精细积分方法,将同伦摄动方法的应用范围推广到多维非线性问题,给出一种求解非线性偏微分方程的新的小波精细积分方法,得到一种近似解析解的数值结果,对时间步长不敏感,更适合于求解非线性问题.     

7-氨基喹唑啉的合成

7-氨基喹唑啉是合成杂环药物的重要中间体。为了寻找经济的合成7-氨基喹唑啉的方法,本文以Pd/C和Zn粉共同作用还原4-氯-7-硝基喹唑啉制备7-氨基喹唑啉,产率达到52%。比文献报道的产率略高,最关键的是与文献报道的直接用Pd/C还原的方法相比较,此法更经济。     

热辐射输运问题的隐式蒙特卡罗方法求解

热辐射与物质相互作用及辐射光子在物质中的传输是惯性约束聚变研究中的重要课题. 介绍了基于隐式蒙特卡罗方法的辐射输运方程,在该方程的积分-微分形式基础上,推导了利于蒙特卡罗方法模拟的等价的积分输运方程;基于积分方程设计数值模拟流程,编写三维蒙特卡罗数值模拟程序;针对热辐射输运典型问题及benchmark问题开展了数值实验,计算结果验证了方法的适应性及程序的正确性. 关键词： 热辐射 惯性约束聚变 输运方程 隐式蒙特卡罗     

基于DPCA与LSSVM的飞机发动机异常状态识别

针对飞机发动机异常状态识别精度差、效率低和易误诊漏诊等问题,提出了一种基于动态主元分析 (Dynamic Principal Component Analysis, DPCA)和最小二乘支持向量机(Least Square Support Vector Machine, LSSVM)的飞机发动机润滑系统异常状态识别方法。首先对发动机润滑系统参数进行DPCA处理以及在线检测是否有故障发生,如果有故障发生,再采用LSSVM方法进行异常状态识别。以某型飞机发动机润滑系统为例,对文中所提方法的准确性进行试验验证,由试验结果得出文中方法能有效提高飞机发动机异常状态识别准确率。     

Cross-talk reduction in confocal images of dual fluorescence labelled cell spheroids.

Dual fluorescence labelling is an advanced method to separate two individual specimens in a biological system using confocal microscopy. An inherent problem of this method is fluorescence channel cross-talk, which causes problems for the exact spatial determination and separation of the specimens. Using a parallel fluorescence detection and an image processing technique, based on an image subtraction method, we have developed a very straight forward method for correcting the dual channel fluorescence images. We successfully applied this method to a 3-dimensional cancer spheroid invasion assay and controlled the cross-talk compensation efficiency by a quality parameter.     

Ranking important nodes in complex networks by simulated annealing

In this paper, based on simulated annealing a new method to rank important nodes in complex networks is presented.First, the concept of an importance sequence(IS) to describe the relative importance of nodes in complex networks is defined. Then, a measure used to evaluate the reasonability of an IS is designed. By comparing an IS and the measure of its reasonability to a state of complex networks and the energy of the state, respectively, the method finds the ground state of complex networks by simulated annealing. In other words, the method can construct a most reasonable IS. The results of experiments on real and artificial networks show that this ranking method not only is effective but also can be applied to different kinds of complex networks.     

Extension of statistical replacement to systems with time-correlated fluctuations

Nonlinear systems with correlated stochastic parameters are approximated by simpler systems. This method is an extension of an earlier version of statistical replacement and statistical linearization. The extended method is applicable to systems with correlated fluctuations. We show how this general method reduces to the earlier methods in special cases.     

Using experimental design to characterize the effect of structural elements on acoustical response of hand-free phone

This article presents an adaptation of the experimental design method (more precisely called “statistical design and analysis of experiments” and referred to as DOE) to acoustics. Experimental design is an efficient method to find an empirical relation whenever a theoretical one cannot be obtained or would be too difficult to obtain. This technique is not common in acoustics where it has been used in a few application cases to determine what product or process parameters affect the acoustic response. The response variable was single valued whereas, in the proposed method, it is an array of values, a frequency spectrum which constitutes a more practical tool for an advanced acoustic analysis. The results are presented on a spectrum plot where the factor effect is given in the physical quantity (dB) and the Fisher test of significance is presented as two plots of the lower and upper significance limits (also in dB). The method is applied to a hand-free telephone where, for subsequent modeling purposes, the method determines which structural factors affect the telephone acoustic response and what are the associated frequency ranges. This adaptation of the DOE method is validated with the verification of the results in three ways: first, with a complementary experimental design, second, with a more classical experimental method, and, third, with a computer simulation.     

Three-dimensional electromagnetic nonlinear inversion in layered media by a hybrid diagonal tensor approximation: Stabilized biconjugate gradient fast Fourier transform method

This paper presents an efficient three-dimensional nonlinear electromagnetic inversion method in a multilayered medium for radar applications where the object size is comparable to the wavelength. In the first step of this two-step inversion algorithm, the diagonal tensor approximation is used in the Born iterative method. The solution of this approximate inversion is used as an initial guess for the second step in which further inversion is carried out using a distorted Born iterative method. Since the aim of the second step is to improve the accuracy of the inversion, a full-wave solver, the stabilized biconjugate-gradient fast Fourier transform algorithm, is used for forward modelling. The conjugate-gradient method is applied at each inversion iteration to minimize the functional cost. The usage of an iterative solver based on the FFT algorithm and the developed recursive matrix method combined with an interpolation technique to evaluate the layered medium Green's functions rapidly, makes this method highly efficient. An inversion problem with 32 768 complex unknowns can be solved with 1% relative error by using a simple personal computer. Several numerical experiments for arbitrarily located source and receiver arrays are presented to show the high efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.     

熵的测定

本介绍了熵的测定原理及实验方法，建立了实验装置，并将现代化测量手段应用到物理实验中。对系统误差的来源进行分析，提出消除方法，最后给出实验结果。