阳离子铝化合物催化合成2,8-二氧杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷

2,8-二氧杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷结构单元存在于多种天然生物活性物质中.阳离子铝化合物[Al Cl(CH_3CN)_5]~(2+)-[(AlCl_4)_2]~(2-)·CH_3CN可方便地由Al Cl_3在CH_3CN中室温反应得到.其可有效催化2-羟基查尔酮和萘酚的傅克烷基化/缩酮化反应,生成二芳基稠合2,8-二氧杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷,产率中等到高.该方法所用催化剂价廉、易得,转化效率较高,为合成2,8-二氧杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷化合物提供了一种实用的新方法.     

手性双哌啶酰胺的合成及在共轭加成中的应用

以N-苄基-4-哌啶酮、异丙胺为初始原料,经双Mannich反应、Wolf-Kishner还原、Pd/C脱苄基一系列反应得到3-异丙基-3,7-二氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷(9);化合物9再与4个叔丁氧羰基(Boc)保护的L-氨基酸反应生成相应酰胺,然后脱Boc保护基得到四个新的手性双哌啶α-氨基酰胺化合物12a～12d.它们与Ni(acac)2结合形成配合物,用作二乙基锌对a,β-不饱和酮的不对称1,4-加成反应的催化剂.考察了手性配体的空间结构、配体与镍源的比例及用量、反应溶剂和反应温度对反应选择性的影响.在优化的反应条件下,即:以乙腈为溶剂,12c(20%)为手性配体,7%的乙酰丙酮镍为催化剂,二乙基锌与查尔酮的物质的量比为1.5:1,二乙基锌(150%)与查尔酮1,4-共轭加成反应产物的收率为87%,对映体过量值(ee)为77%.探讨了产生不对称加成反应的原因.     

棒丝氨酸的全合成研究 Ⅰ.从D-葡萄糖合成3-[(3′R,5′S)-7′-氧代-1′-氮杂-4′-氧杂双环[3.2.0]-庚-3′-基]-3-O-苄基-(2S,3S)-丝氨酸及其(3′R,5′R)-差向异构体

以D-葡萄糖为原料经侧链氨基酸合成,与β-内酰胺缩合,嗯唑烷环合和除保护基等反应合成了棒丝氨酸的O-苄基衍生物,3-[(3′R,5′S)-7′-氧代-1-氮杂-4-氧杂双环[3.2.0]-庚-3′-基]-3-O-苄基-(2S,3S)-丝氨酸(17)及其(3′R,5′R)差向异构体(18)。     

新型苯乙酰脒类化合物的合成及其感光性能

以氢化铝锂为还原剂,甲基叔丁基醚为溶剂,1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]-5-壬烯(1)于55℃反应9 h制得1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬烷(2),收率87.9%,纯度95.0%。2分别与溴代苯乙酮(3a),对甲氧基溴代苯乙酮(3b)和对溴基溴代苯乙酮(3c)进行消除反应合成了3个新型的苯乙酰基潜双环脒类化合物(4a~4c),其结构经1H NMR和LC-MS表征。采用正交实验对合成4a~4c的反应条件进行了优化。在最佳反应条件[以甲苯为溶剂,3a 25.2 mmol,n(3a)∶n(K2CO3)∶n(2)=1.0∶2.0∶1.4,于15℃反应24 h]下,1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]-5-苯乙酰基壬烷(4a)收率89.0%,纯度87.9%。感光性能研究结果表明,1,5-二氮杂双环[4.3.0]-5-(4-甲氧基)苯乙酰基壬烷(4b)经紫外曝光400 mJ·cm-1,其引发性能最强,分解转化近45%;曝光2 000 mJ·cm-1,4b分解转化近90%。     

双环笼状磷酸酯衍生物的研究——Ⅲ.双环笼状磷酸酯酰氯与邻氨基酚和邻苯二胺反应的研究及1-氧代-4(2＇-苯并(口恶)唑基)-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2 2]辛烷的晶体结构分析

本文报道双环笼状磷酸酯酰氯(1)与邻氨基酚和邻苯二胺的反应.1与邻氨基酚在硼酸和三乙胺存在下一锅反应可得关环产物1-氧代-4-(2′苯并(口恶)唑基)-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(2).改变1和邻苯二胺反应的加料顺序可得单酰化产物1-氧代-4-(N-邻苯二胺甲酰基)-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(5)和双酰化产物1,1′-氧代-4,4′(N,N′-邻苯二胺二甲酰基)-双-(2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)(4).对产物的 IR,~1H,~(31)P NMR 和 MS 谱进行了研究,并确定了2的晶体和分子结构.结构分析表明,笼状结构 OP(OCH_2)_3C 中基本上不存在应力,仍保持 C_(3v)的对称性,晶体属单斜晶系,空间群 P2_1/c,晶胞参数:a=0.6176(1),b=1.6105(2),c=1.1354(1)nm,β=92.52(1)°,Z=4,最终偏离因子 R=0.056.     

新型含七元醚环的脯氨酸衍生物的合成

以L-谷氨酸和苯甲醛为起始原料,经7步反应合成了重要中间体(2S,5R)-1-苄基-5-(2-羟乙基)吡咯烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(1),总产率19%;1经TBDMSCl保护羟基后,用10%Pd/C催化氢解去除苄基制得游离胺(2S,5R)-5-(2-二甲基叔丁基硅氧烷基乙基)吡咯烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(3);3与Boc-β-Cl-ala,在碱性条件下偶合得氯代烃消去产物(2S,5R)-1-[(2-叔丁氧甲酰胺基)丙烯酰基]-5-(2-二甲基叔丁基硅氧烷基乙基)吡咯烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(4),或在中性条件下偶合得(2S,5R)-1-[(R)-2-叔丁氧甲酰胺基-3-氯丙酰基]-5-(2-二甲基叔丁基硅氧烷基乙基)吡咯烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(5);4或5经四丁基氟化铵去除TBDMS保护并发生关环反应合成了新型的七元醚环化合物(4R,7S,9R)-4-甲基-4-叔丁氧甲酰胺基-5-羰基-3-氧杂氮杂卓[1,4]并吡咯[1,2-d]-7-羧基叔丁酯(简称6);6于室温在氯仿中静置2 d~3 d自发转换为其构象异构体(4S,7S,9R)-6(简称6’,6/6’=1/9),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,2D NMR和HR-ESI-MS表征。     

马来酸依那普利有关物质的合成

为控制马来酸依那普利（1）的质量，合成了4 个有关物质，分别为N-[(S)-1-乙氧羰基-3-苯丙基]-L-丙氨酸(B)、N-[(S)-1-羧基-3-苯丙基]-L-丙氨酰-L-脯氨酸(C)、⁴N-[(S) -1’-乙氧羰基-3’-苯丙基]-3S-甲基-2,5-二酮-6S-H-1,4-二氮杂双环[4,3,0]壬烷(D)和N-[(S)-1-乙氧羰基-3-环己基丙基]-L-丙氨酰-L-脯氨酸马来酸(H)，其结构经¹H NMR和MS(ESI)确证。      

新型CCR5拮抗剂——N-【1-{5-溴-2-[(4-氯苄基)氧基]苄基}-4-哌啶基】-N-乙基吡啶甲酰胺的合成

以5-溴水杨醛和4-氯苄氯为原料,通过消去、还原及溴化反应制得中间体4-溴-2-溴甲基-1-[(4-溴苄基)氧]苯(3);哌啶-4-酮经Boc保护、还原等4步反应制得中间体N-乙基-N-(4-哌啶基)吡啶甲酰胺(7);3与7通过消去反应合成了一种新型CCR5拮抗剂——N-【1-{5-溴-2-[(4-氯苄基)氧基]苄基}-4-哌啶基】-N-乙基吡啶甲酰胺,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和ESI-MS表征。     

喹啉酮和吡啶酮稠合的氧杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷的合成

以2-羟基查尔酮与4-羟基-2(1H)-喹啉酮或4-羟基-2(1H)-吡啶酮在正丙醇中回流反应,立体选择性地合成了喹啉酮和吡啶酮稠合的2,8-二氧杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷衍生物.其中,喹啉酮片段通过烷基化反应可转化为相应的氮烷基取代的喹啉酮和氧烷基取代的喹啉结构.目标产物均未见文献报道,其结构都通过了1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、IR和HRMS的表征,6-苯基-2,12-二氢-1H-6,12-亚甲基苯并[7,8][1,3]二氧桥[5,4-c]吡啶-1-酮(3r)和1-异丙氧基-8-苯基-14H-8,14-亚甲基苯并[7,8][1,3]二氧桥[5,4-c]喹啉(6c)的结构和立体构型还进一步获得了X射线单晶衍射的证实.     

双环笼状磷酸酯衍生物的研究III. 双环笼状磷酸酯酰氯与邻氨基酚和邻苯二胺反应的研究及1-氧代-4(2'-苯并 唑基)-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.22]辛烷的晶体结构分析

本文报道双环笼状磷酸酯酰氯(1)与邻氨基酚和邻苯二胺的反应。1.与邻氨基酚在硼酸和三乙胺存在下一锅反应可得关环产的1-氧代-4-(2'-苯并 唑基)-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(2)。改变1和邻苯二胺反应的加料顺序可得单酰化产物1-氧代-4-(-N-邻苯二胺甲酰基)-2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(5)和双酰化产物1,1'-氧代-4,4'-(N,N'-邻苯二胺二甲酰基)-双(2,6,7-三氧杂-1-磷杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)(4)。对产物的IR, ^1H, ^3^1P NMR和MS谱进行了研究, 并确定了2的晶体和分子结构。结构分析表明, 笼状结构OP(OCH2)3C中基本上不存在应力, 仍保持C3v的对称性。晶体属单斜晶系, 空间群P21/c, 晶胞参数: a=0.6176(1), b=1.6105(2), c=1.1354(1)nm,β=92.52(1)°, Z=4, 最终偏离因子R=0.056。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.