Study on Frequency Doubling Scattering and Second—Order Scattering Spectra of Heparin—Methylene Blue System

Binding of heparin with methylene blue(MB) in pH5.7 Britton-Robinson buffer can result in a significant enhancement of frequency doubling scattering (FDS) and second-order scattering (SOS).Their maximum scattering wavelengths(λmax) appear at 350nm for FDS and 700nm for SOS,respectively.The optimum conditions of the reaction,the influencing factors and the relationship between the two scattering intensities and the concentration of heparin have been investigated.The new methods for the determination of trace amounts of heparin bassed on the FDS and SOS methods have been developed,which exhibit high sensitivities.The detection limits of heparin are 4.36ng/mL for the FDS method and 3.55ng/mL for the SOS method,respectively.Both of the methods have fairly godd selectivity and ware applied to the determination of heparin in sodium heparinate injection samples with satisfactory results.Moreover,the relative mechamisms have also been discussed.     

甲苯咪唑与曙红Y相互作用的共振瑞利散射、倍频散射和荧光光谱及其分析应用

在pH值3.4~3.9的Britton-Robinson(BR)缓冲介质中,甲苯咪唑(MBZ)与曙红Y(EY)反应形成1:1的离子缔合物,体系反应不仅导致荧光光谱的猝灭,还使共振瑞利散射(RRS)和倍频散射(FDS)显著增强,最大的RRS峰位于326 nm处。 荧光猝灭法、RRS法、FDS法的检出限分别为32.31、7.24和11.65 μg/L,其中RRS法的灵敏度最高。 实验讨论了反应的最佳条件以及共存物质的影响。 该方法用于甲苯咪唑片剂以及尿样中MBZ的测定,结果令人满意。     

Analytical Application of Resonance Rayleigh Scattering,Frequency Doubling Scattering,and Second-Order Scattering Spectra for the Sodium Alginate-CTAB System

Three new methods for the determination of trace amounts of sodium alginate (SA) based on the reaction of SA with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) by resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), frequency doubling scattering (FDS), and second-order scattering (SOS) have been investigated. The SA can react with CTAB in a pH 10.0 Britton–Robinson buffer to form a new product, which can lead to a significant enhancement of RRS, FDS, and SOS intensities and appearance of new spectra. The maximum scattering wavelengths, λex/λem, appear at 351 nm/351 nm for RRS, 240 nm/480 nm for SOS, and 870 nm/435 nm for FDS, respectively. The increments of the scattering intensities (ΔI) are proportional to the concentration of SA in a certain range. The detection limits (3σ) for SA are 3.69 ng mL^?1 for the RRS method, 6.91 ng mL^?1 for the FDS method, and 7.45 ng mL^?1 for the SOS method under optimum conditions. The proposed methods were applied to the determination of SA in real samples with satisfactory results.     

钯(II)-盐酸二甲双胍-曙红Y缔合体系的共振瑞利散射、二级散射和倍频散射光谱及分析应用

在pH3.5的HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,盐酸二甲双胍(MFH)与Pd(Ⅱ)形成阳离子螯合物,它能进一步与酸性染料曙红Y(EY)的阴离子反应,形成离子缔合物。三元离子缔合物的生成将引起共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)光谱显著增强,其最大散射波长分别位于292、540和327 nm。在一定范围内,三种散射信号的增强(ΔI_(RRS),ΔI_(SOS)和ΔI_(FDS))均与MFH的浓度呈线性关系。方法具有较高的灵敏度,RRS、SOS和FDS法对MFH的检出限(3σ)分别为1.7、13.2和22.7 ng·m L-1。考察了适宜的反应条件和共存物质的影响,结果表明该方法选择性良好。探讨了缔合物生成及散射增强的机理。据此,提出了简便、快速、准确且高灵敏度的测定痕量MFH的光散射新方法,并应用于片剂和尿样中MFH的测定,结果满意。     

阿苯达唑与12-磷钨酸相互作用的共振瑞利散射、二级散射与倍频散射光谱及其应用

采用共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)光谱研究了阿苯达唑(ABZ)与12-磷钨酸(TP)的相互作用。在盐酸(p H 1.2)介质中,ABZ与TP反应形成离子缔合物(nABZ:nTP=3∶1),使RRS、SOS与FDS的光谱信号大大增强。在一定范围内,散射强度(ΔI)与ABZ的浓度成正比。对于ABZ的检出限(3σ)分别为1.98μg/L(RRS法)、3.75μg/L(SOS法)、5.07μg/L(FDS法),其中RRS法的灵敏度最高。文中讨论了ABZ与TP的最佳反应条件、影响因素以及共存物质的影响,还讨论了离子缔合物的结构和反应历程。据此发展了一种用RRS法快速、简便、灵敏测定ABZ的新方法。     

Solid Phase Extraction of Thallium(III) on Micro Crystalline Naphthalene Modified with N,N’-Bis(3-methylsalicylidene)- ortho-phenylenediamine and Determination by Spectrophotometry

A novel, simple, sensitive and effective method has been developed for preconcentration of thallium on N,N’-bis(3-methylsalicylidene)-ortho-phenylenediamine (MSOPD) adsorbent in a pH range 5.0—10.0, prior to its spectrophotometric determination, based on the oxidation of bromopyrogallol red at λ＝520 nm. This method makes it possible to quantitize thallium in a range of 3.6×10－9 to 2.0×10－5 mol/L, with a detection limit (S/N＝3) of 1.42×10－9 mol/L. This procedure has been successfully applied to determine the ultra trace levels of thallium in the environmental samples, free from the interference of some diverse ions. The precision, expressed as relative standard deviation of three measurements, is better than 2.9%.     

Theoretical study on second‐order nonlinear optical properties of spin crossover Fe(III) phenolate‐pyridyl Schiff base complexes

The density functional and ab initio theory were used to investigate the second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of Schiff base ligands, open‐shell Fe(III), and closed‐shell Ni(II) complexes. The effect of the metal center in complexes is thus manifold: it templates the formation of acentric structures, imparts high thermal stability to the chelate ring, and display higher second‐order NLO response than their ligands. The second‐order NLO response of metal complexes are intensively sensitive to the exchange donor/acceptor because the differences of the extent of charge separation and the intraligand charge transfer processes. Thus, substituted metal complexes could realize “switches on” the second‐order NLO response by exchange donor/acceptor. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010     

盐酸氯丙嗪作探针二级散射和倍频散射法测定环境水样中某些阴离子表面活性剂

在pH3.0~5.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,盐酸氯丙嗪与十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠和十二烷基硫酸钠等阴离子表面活性剂反应形成离子缔合物时,仅能引起吸收光谱和荧光光谱的微小变化,但却能导致二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)的显著增强。最大SOS峰均在552nm附近,最大FDS峰均在390nm附近。其中SOS法灵敏度更高,它对十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠和十二烷基磺酸钠的检出限分别为0.047、0.106和0.117mg/L,而其线性范围分别为0.2~12、0.4~15和0.4~20.0mg/L。研究了反应产物的吸收、荧光、SOS和FDS光谱特征、适宜的反应条件及分析化学性质,据此发展了一种用SOS技术灵敏、简便、快速测定阴离子表面活性剂的环境友好型新方法。     

二（2-乙基己基）二硫代磷酸溶剂萃取铊的热动力学

在Tl₂SO₄＋Na₂SO₄＋二（2-乙基己基）二硫代磷酸＋n-C₈H₁₈＋水体系中， 测定了0.1－2.0 mol•kg^－1离子强度范围内Tl^＋ 的平衡摩尔浓度。水相中电解质Na₂SO₄ 控制溶液离子强度， 有机相中萃取剂取278.15 K至303.15 K范围内的恒定摩尔浓度。通过外推法和多项式近似得到了不同温度下的标准萃取常数K⁰，计算了萃取过程的热动力学量。     

Thermal Decomposition of Thallium(I) Bis-oxalatodiaquaindate(III) Monohydrate

Thallium(I) bis-oxalatodiaquaindate(III) monohydrate was obtained by precipitation of indium(III) withoxalic acid from slightly acidic solution in the presence of thallium(I). The complex was subjected to chemical analysis. The thermal decomposition behavior of the complex was studied using TG, DTA and DTG techniques. The solid complex salt and the intermediate product of its thermal decomposition were characterized using IR absorption and X-ray diffraction spectra. Based on data from these physicochemical investigations the structural formula of the complex was proposed as Tl[In (C₂O₄)₂ (H₂O)₂]⋅H₂O. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Thallium(III) p-Tosylate Mediated Oxidative 2,3-Aryl Rearrangement: A New Useful Route to Ipriflavone and Its Analogs

A new route for the synthesis of ipriflavone, an antiosteoporotic agent, is described that has four steps and 60% yields starting from resacetophenone (2). The key step of the present methodology is thallium(III) p-tosylate mediated oxidative 2,3-aryl rearrangement of flavanone to generate the isoflavone ring system of ipriflavone in a highly efficient manner.     

镉(Ⅱ)-邻菲罗啉-溴酚蓝体系的共振光散射光谱研究及分析应用

本文建立了一种测定镉(Ⅱ)含量的共振光散射(RLS)光谱法。在pH=9.60的Tris-HCl介质中,镉(Ⅱ)与邻菲罗啉(Phen)形成螯合物后,再与溴酚蓝(BPB)形成离子缔合物,可使溶液的共振光散射显著增强;在波长638 nm处,RLS的增强程度与镉(Ⅱ)浓度呈线性关系。线性范围为0~3.20 mg/L,检出限为4.50μg/L。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,用于合成样和水样中镉(Ⅱ)的测定,结果令人满意。     

Theoretical Study of Energetic Complexes (III): Bis‐(5‐nitro‐2H‐tetrazolato‐N2)tetraammine Cobalt(III) Perchlorate (BNCP) and Its Transition Metal (Ni/Fe/Cu/Zn) Perchlorate Analogues

The geometric conformation and electronic structure of bis‐(5‐nitro‐2H‐tetrazolato‐N²)tetraammine cobalt(III) perchlorate and its Ni/Fe/Cu/Zn analogues are studied under the TPSS (Tao‐Perdew‐Staroverov‐Scuseria) levels of density functional theory in order to throw light on the relationship between their energy gaps and impact sensitivity. While the perchlorate ions are coordinated with the copper cation, which is different from the other four compounds. NBO (Natural bond orbital) analyses indicated that the metal‐ligand interaction in the Co complex is covalent, while the others are ionic. The analysis of the electrostatic potential demonstrated that the O atoms from the nitro‐tetrazole ring and perchlorate were primarily negative, while the other atoms were positive. The study was also conducted to gain a better understanding of the correlation of the energy gap and impact sensitivity.     

全氟辛烷磺酸与蛋白质体系的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)相互作用的共振光散射(RLS)光谱,建立了PFOS的共振光散射分析方法。 在pH值为4.1的BR缓冲溶液中,全氟辛烷磺酸根阴离子与质子化的BSA通过静电引力和疏水作用形成离子缔合物,引起共振光散射强度(IRLS)显著增强,最大散射波长位于285.0 nm处,增强的散射信号强度与PFOS浓度在0.2～25.0 μmol/L范围内呈线性关系,据此建立了测定PFOS的光散射分析方法,检出限为20.0 nmol/L。 讨论了体系的最佳反应条件及外来物质的干扰,并探讨了反应机理。 建立的共振光散射法用于环境水样中PFOS的测定,RSD≤4.4%。     

用硫酸软骨素A作探针共振瑞利散射及共振非线性散射法测定蛋白质

在pH 1.8～2.5的Britton-Robinson (BR)缓冲介质中, 硫酸软骨素A (CSA)的硫酸酯基离解而以带多个负电荷的大阴离子存在, 而人血清白蛋白(HSA)、牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、糜蛋白酶(Chy)、溶菌酶(Lyso)和α-淀粉酶(α-Amy)等蛋白质处于其等电点(pI)之下, 则是带多个正电荷的大阳离子, 两者可借静电引力、氢键作用、疏水作用而结合形成复合物. 此时将引起共振瑞利散射(RRS)和二级散射(SOS)、倍频散射(FDS)等共振非线性散射(RNLS)的显著增强并出现新的散射光谱. 3种散射的散射增强(ΔI_RRS, ΔI_SOS和ΔI_FDS)均在一定范围内与蛋白质的浓度成正比, 方法具有高灵敏度. 三种方法对蛋白质的检出限分别为4.5～12.0 (g/L (RRS法)、8.9～15.8 (g/L (SOS法)和13.4～31.5 (g/L (FDS法), 其中以CSA-BSA体系灵敏度最高(检出限可达4.5 (g/L). 研究了反应体系的RRS, SOS和FDS的光谱特征、适宜的反应条件和影响因素, 讨论了反应机理、结合模式以及散射增强的原因. 并以CSA-BSA体系为例考察了共存物质的影响, 表明方法有良好的选择性. 方法可用于正常人血清及尿样中蛋白质的测定.     

Novel Ytterbium(III) Selective Membrane Sensor Based on N‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐N′‐(2‐Methoxyphenyl)‐Thiourea as an Excellent Carrier and Its Application to Determination of Fluoride in Mouth Wash Preparation Samples

The construction, performance, and applications of a novel ytterbium(III) sensor based on N‐(2‐pyridyl)‐N′‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐thiourea (PMT), as an excellent carrier, in plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) PVC matrix, is described. The influences of membrane composition and pH on the potentiometric response of the sensor were investigated. The sensor exhibits a nice Nernstian response for Yb(III) ion over a wide concentration range of 4 decades of concentration (1.0×10^?6–1.0×10^?2 M), and a detection limit of 5.0×10^?7 M. The response time of the electrodes is between 8 and 10 s, depending on the concentration of ytterbium(III) ions. The proposed sensor can be used for about 8 weeks without any considerable divergence in potential. The sensor revealed very good selectivity for Yb(III) in the presence of several metal ions. The best performance was observed for the membrane containing; 30% PVC, 59% o‐nitrophenyloctyl ether (NPOE) as solvent mediator, 7% PMT, and 4% sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB). It was successfully applied as indicator electrodes in the potentiometric titration of Yb(III) with EDTA and for the determination of fluoride ion in two mouth wash formulations. The proposed La(III) sensor was found to work well under laboratory conditions. It was also used as an indicator electrode in titration of a 1.0×10^?4 M of Yb(III) with a standard EDTA solution (1.0×10^?2 M). It was also used for determination of Yb(III) ion in Xenotime .     

Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Spectra of Thorium(IV)-bisazo Dye of Chromotropic Acidprotein Systems and Their Analytical Applications

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｓｉｓｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｉｎｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓｔｕｄｙ ,ｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔａｎｄｆｏｏｄａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ .Ａｓｉｔｉｓｋｎｏｗｎ ,ｔｈｅｃｏｍｍｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｕｓｅｄｔｏｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｔｈｅｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｑｕａｎｔｉｔａ ｔｉｖｅｌｙａｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｐｈｏｔｏｍｅｔｒｙａｎｄｆｌｕｏｒｏｓｐｅｃ ｔｒｏｐｈｏｔｏｍｅｔｒｙ.1Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙ ,ｒｅｓｏｎａｎｃｅＲａｙｌｅｉｇ…     

钯（II）-克林霉素-卤代荧光素体系的共振瑞丽散射光谱及其分析应用

在pH为5.0-5.4的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,克林霉素（Clin）与钯(Ⅱ)形成螯合阳离子,它能进一步与二碘荧光素（DIF）,赤藓红（Ery）,曙红Y（EY）等卤代荧光素类染料反应形成1：1：1的三元离子缔合物,此时将引起吸收光谱变化和荧光猝灭,同时还导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)的急剧增强并产生新的RRS光谱,钯(Ⅱ)-克林霉素与DIF,Ery和EY形成产物的最大散射波长分别位于285,287,32 1nm处,另外还有些较弱的散射峰存在。散射增强（ΔI）与克林霉素浓度在一定范围内成正比,可用于克林霉素的定量测定。对于DIF,Ery和EY体系的线性范围和检出限分别为0.025-2.1μg•mL-1和7.8 ng•mL-1,0.053-2.4μg•mL-1和16.0 ng•mL-1;以及0.038-2.4μg•mL-1和11.0 ng•mL-1。本文研究了适宜的反应条件,考察了共存物质的影响,表明方法有较好的选择性,基于三元离子缔合物的RRS光谱,发展了一种高灵敏、简便快速测定克林霉素的新方法。文中还对离子缔合物的组成,结构和反应机理,以及离子缔合物对吸收,荧光和RRS光谱的影响进行了讨论。     

Construction of a Highly Selective and Sensitive La(III) Sensor Based on N‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐N′‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐thiourea for Nano Level Monitoring of La(III) Ions

N‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐N′‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐thiourea (PMPT) was found to be a suitable neutral ion carrier for the construction of a highly selective and sensitive La(III) membrane sensor. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) based membranes of PMPT with potassium tetrakis (p‐chlorophenyl) borate (KTpClPB) as an anionic excluder and oleic acid (OA), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl acetate (BA) and o‐nitrophenyloctyl ether (NPOE) as plasticizing solvent mediators were constructed and investigated as La(III) membrane sensors. A membrane composed of PMPT‐PVC‐KTpClPB‐BA with the ratio 8.0 : 35.0 : 3.0 : 54.0 works well over a very wide concentration range (4.0×10^?8 to 1.0×10^?1 M) with a Nernstian slope of 19.6±0.2 mV per decade of activity between pH values of 4.0 and 9.0. The detection limit of the sensor was calculated to be 2.0×10^?8 M (ca. 3.0 ppb). The sensor displays very good discrimination toward La(III) ions with regard to most common metal ions and lanthanide ions. The proposed sensor shows a short response time for whole concentration range (ca. 12 s). For evaluation of the analytical applicability of the La(III) sensor, it was successfully used as an indicator electrode for the titration of La(III) ions with EDTA. It was also applied to the determination of fluoride content of two mouth wash preparation samples and monitoring of La(III) ions in some binary and ternary mixtures.