载气汽油在水平螺旋扁管管束中的沸腾换热

以汽油-空气为介质,在不凝性气体质量含量不超过5%时,对导程为200mm的螺旋扁管管束中的沸腾换热进行了实验研究,分析了沸腾换热系数随两相质量流量的变化规律以及流动压降随空气流量的变化规律。得到了相应条件下,载气汽油在该导程的螺旋扁管管束中的沸腾换热实验关联式。     

螺旋扁管管内沸腾流动与传热特性研究

以空气、水为工作介质,通过两者在螺旋扁管管束中流量、压降、温度等的变化,研究气液两相流在螺旋扁管中沸腾的流动和传热特性。通过努塞尔数、传热系数等的变化,说明螺旋扁管换热器两相流动条件下的流动特点。在定液相质流量的条件下,沿程阻力随着质量含气率的增加呈现周期性变化。随着不凝性气体的逐渐增加,沿程阻力首先先上升,随后下降,接着又保持上升的趋势。将含气率范围扩展至10%左右,得到了相应热工参数随不凝气体的变化规律。对两相沸腾传热及流动特性相应关联准则数进行拟合,得出准则方超相对误差在10%之内。     

煤油和空气的混合流体水平管内沸腾换热实验研究

以煤油为介质,在高不凝气体含量下对水平管内的沸腾换热进行了实验研究,得到了在不同的不凝气体含量范围内,沸腾换热系数随不凝气体含量增加而降低的规律．实验结果表明了不凝气体的加入使得煤油的分压降低,泡点温度降低,在较低的混合流体温度下就产生了沸腾,但不凝气体对核态沸腾换热存在抑制现象．采用渐进逼近模型给出了含不凝气体的煤油管内沸腾换热的实验关联式。     

微细通道纳米与非纳米流体传热和压降对比研究

分别以0.2%、0.5%、1%质量分数的Al2O3-H2O纳米流体和去离子水为实验工质,在高2mm,宽1mm的矩形微细通道内进行纳米流体与非纳米流体两相沸腾传热和压降对比研究。实验结果表明:增加质量通量对两种工质换热系数影响都较小,但增加热流密度可提高换热系数;在相同工况下,与水基液相比,采用Al2O3-H2O纳米流体换热系数明显增大,且随着纳米流体质量分数的增加而增加,对于该实验换热系数可提高8%～17%;随着纳米颗粒质量分数和质量通量的增加,两相摩擦压降显著增大。     

亚临界压力区垂直上升管内传热特性实验研究

本文开展了亚临界压力下垂直上升内螺纹管中水的传热特性的实验研究,并与对应条件下光管内水的传热特性进行了对比、分析.结果发现:内螺纹管和光管中两相饱和流动沸腾换热随热流密度的增加或压力的升高而增大,基本不随质量流速的变化而变化;相同工况下内螺纹管的饱和沸腾换热系数大约为光管的1.1～1.2倍。内螺纹管和光管的过冷沸腾起始干度都随质量流速的减小或者压力的升高或者热流密度的增大而增大;在相同工况下本文实验内螺纹管中的过冷沸腾起始干度比光管中的要小至少0.2。光管中主要发生偏离核态沸腾(DNB),临界干度随热流密度的减小或质量流速的增加或压力的降低而增大;内螺纹管中主要发生烧干,运行参数对临界干度的影响不大。     

水平细长通道中的流动沸腾实验研究

本文主要研究了去离子水在截面为矩形(1 mm×2 mm)的水平长直细通道中的流动沸腾,实验中采用了可视化手段观察通道中的各种流型的演变。实验采用均匀加热和模拟逆流加热两种手段对通道进行加热,并对不同工况下两者的沿程局部换热系数进行了分析对比分析.两者的局部换热系数都逐渐增加,模拟逆流加热条件下的换热系数曲线增势较陡,干涸流的出现会导致换热系数降低.同时,实验中观察到了6种流型,并对流型的分布做了介绍。     

R32/R134a在微通道内流动沸腾特性

研究非共沸混合工质R32/R134a(质量比,25%/75%)在水平微尺度通道内流动沸腾换热规律。在各种工况下进行了非共沸混合工质R32/R134a在水平微尺度管道内流动沸腾换热的实验,考察了质量流量G、热流密度q、质量干度x对微尺度通道内流动沸腾换热系数的影响。研究表明:在热流密度、质量流量都较低的区域,对细管道,换热系数与热流密度的关联度较大;而对微管道,换热系数受影响的因素比较多,并在干度为0.6时出现"干涸"现象,使得换热系数急剧下降。在质量流量高的区域,对细管道,热流密度对换热系数的影响很小;而对微尺度管道,当干度为0.06时换热系数发生转变,随质量干度的增加先减小后增大,热流密度增大到一定的阶段后,换热系数不再随热流密度变化。     

内螺纹管流动沸腾气泡行为及换热特性研究

为探究内螺纹管流动沸腾过程中的气泡行为及其对换热的影响机理,采用VOF模型(Volume of Fluid Model)及相变模型对工质在小尺寸水平内螺纹管中的流动沸腾过程进行二维非稳态数值模拟。获得了不同质量流速下工质在管道内的气相分布以及管壁不同位置处的温度、换热系数。分析了内螺纹管流动沸腾过程中的气泡行为特点以及不同气泡行为对换热性能的影响。研究表明:在内螺纹管中随着质量流速的增加,管内含气率降低,平均换热系数增大。管壁面上气泡的滑移、长大行为会削弱对流换热,而近壁面气泡的聚并行为会增强对流换热。     

R290/R134a在水平微肋管中沸腾传热的数值模拟

为探究混合制冷剂R290/R134a(4/6)在水平微肋管中的沸腾传热特性,采用了CFD软件数值模拟的方法,对混合制冷剂R290/R134a(4/6)分别在外径为7 mm,长为500 mm的水平光滑管和微肋管中进行数值模拟与理论分析。分析了质量流量、热流密度,以及干度对混合制冷剂在水平微肋管中换热特性的影响。结果表明：两种管型的沸腾换热系数随质量流量、热流密度和干度的增大出现先增大后减小的趋势;热流密度对制冷剂沸腾换热系数的影响最大,在质量流量保持不变,改变热流密度的条件下,微肋管最大传热系数分别为光滑管的1.30、1.31、1.26倍;质量流量的增加提高了制冷剂的临界干度,光滑管与微肋管最大临界干度分别为0.57、0.63。     

机械振荡下微结构表面沸腾换热性能实验研究

进行了柱状微结构表面在添加机械振荡条件下池沸腾换热性能的实验研究。通过干腐蚀技术在硅片表面加工出30μm×60μm、50μm×60μm的方柱微结构,硅片尺寸为10 mm×10 mm×0.5 mm。实验研究了四组芯片,分别为光滑、PF30-60正规、PF30-60交错及PF50-60交错,实验工质为无水乙醇,同时在芯片上方安装振荡装置以达到强化换热的目的。实验结果表明,机械振荡对沸腾换热有强化作用,且在单相对流阶段强化作用尤其显著,同时CHF有20%左右的提高,核态沸腾阶段换热系数有一定增强。另外,所有柱状微结构芯片换热效果都优于光滑芯片,主要归结于换热面积的增加。     

竖直微槽道内沸腾换热CHF实验研究

对于沸腾换热,一个主要的约束条件就是临界热流密度(Critical Heat Flux,简称CHF)。这个约束条件对沸腾换热量有一个最高值的限制。文中对矩形微槽道中的流动沸腾临界热流密度进行了实验研究。实验数据是在不同尺寸(0.15mm;0.4mm;1mm)微槽道中,在较大范围的面积质量流速和不同进口过冷度下,以去离子水为工质得到的。实验过程中发现,达到CHF时,靠近出口壁面温度会突然升高,此时传热效率迅速下降。实验数据分析结果表明:CHF随质量流量的增加而增加;进口过冷度对CHF没有明显影响;CHF随着出口干度的增加而降低。     

微尺度水平管内沸腾换热特性研究

对不同质量分数下非共沸混合工质(R134a/R32)在微尺度管道内的流动沸腾换热特性进行了比较和分析,阐述了热流密度、质量流量和质量干度对换热的影响。结果表明:热流密度对换热的影响随着质量流量的增加而愈加明显;在质量分数为75%/25%和65%/35%时,换热系数随着质量流量的增大而增大;而质量分数为85%/15%时,换热系数随质量流量的变化先增加后减小;随着质量干度的增加,换热系数在各质量分数下基本上都呈上升趋势。     

Flow boiling heat transfer of refrigerant R21 in microchannel heat sink

Boiling heat transfer in a refrigerant R 21 flow in a microchannel heat sink is studied. A stainless steel heat sink with a length of 120 mm contains ten microchannels with a size of 640×2050 μm at cross-section with a wall roughness of 10 μm. The local heat-transfer coefficient distribution along the heat sink length is obtained. The ranges of parameters are: mass flow from 68 to 172 kg/m²s, heat fluxes from 16 to 152 kW/m², and vapor quality from 0 to 1. The maximum values of the heat transfer coefficient are observed at the inlet of microchannels. The heat transfer coefficients decrease substantially along the length of channels under high heat flux conditions and, on the contrary, change insignificantly under low heat flux condition. A comparison with the well-known models of flow boiling heat transfer is performed and the range of applicability is defined.     

Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer in Two-phase Flow Boiling

In this article, an experimental investigation is performed to measure the boiling heat transfer coefficient of water flow in a microchannel with a hydraulic diameter of 500 μm. Experimental tests are conducted with heat fluxes ranging from 100 to 400 kW/m², vapor quality from 0 to 0.2, and mass fluxes of 200, 400, and 600 kg/m²s. Also, this study has modified the liquid Froude number to present a flow pattern transition toward an annular flow. Experimental results show that the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient is not dependent on mass flux and vapor quality but on heat flux to a certain degree. The measured heat transfer coefficient is compared with a few available correlations proposed for macroscales, and it is found that previous correlations have overestimated the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient for the test conditions considered in this work. This article proposes a new correlation model regarding the boiling heat transfer coefficient in mini- and microchannels using boiling number, Reynolds number, and modified Froude number.     

Flow boiling heat transfer of water in microchannel heat sink

The flow boiling heat transfer of water in a microchannel heat sink with variable initial vapor quality at the inlet is investigated. The stainless steel microchannel heat sink contains ten 640 × 2050 μm channels with a length of 120 mm; the wall roughness is 10 μm. The data on the local heat-transfer coefficient distribution in heat sink length are obtained in the range of mass fluxes from 30 to 90 kg/m²s, heat fluxes from 40 to 170 kW/m², and vapor qualities from 0 to 1. The heat transfer instability associated with dry spots resulting from insufficient wetting of channel walls introduces substantial contribution to the heat transfer mechanism and leads to decreasing heat transfer in heat sink length downward the flow. The developed method for calculating the flow boiling heat transfer of water in a microchannel heat sink allows more accurate prediction of heat transfer drop than available methods.     

A Study on Nucleate Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of Acetone on Smooth and Indented Surfaces

This article presents the nucleate boiling heat transfer characteristics of acetone at one bar on smooth and enhanced circular stainless steel surfaces (SS 316) of 20 mm diameter for heat flux between 1 and 4 W cm^? 2, which mimic the operating condition of a typical immersion electronic cooling system. The experimental heat transfer coefficient from the smooth surface is validated against Borishanski correlation [1] within acceptable limits of ± 5%. The steel smooth surface is enhanced by providing 100 equally spaced indents of 0.5 mm diameter and 0.05 mm depth. The experimental results indicate that the enhanced surface shows a good shift in the boiling curve and thus, enhancing the nucleate boiling heat transfer at a lesser wall super heat when compared to the smooth surface by around 35% for tested condition. The effect of subcooling on nucleate boiling in enhanced surface reveal that the heat transfer coefficient degrade by 40 to 55% for a sub cooling of 5 to 10 K. The influence of material is studied by a similar enhanced surface made of brass and compared for the same working condition. The brass enhanced surface showed an improved of around 50% against the steel-enhanced surface. Also, the influence of fluid is studied by comparing acetone and n-pentane, which showed that the latter an enhancement in heat transfer coefficient of 50% over the former.     

微槽道中纳米流体沸腾换热特性研究

为研究纳米流体在微槽道中的沸腾换热特性及规律,分别以去离子水和体积浓度为0.2%、0.5%的水基Al2O3纳米流体为工质进行试验,研究质量流速、热流密度、进口过冷度、槽道尺寸等因素对沸腾传热系数的影响及其两相摩擦压降与出口干度的关联分析和沸腾换热关联式对比拟合.试验结果表明:在一定热流密度和质量流速下,传热系数随槽道尺...     

泡沫金属对含油制冷剂管内流动沸腾换热特性的影响

实验研究了制冷剂-润滑油混合流体在内嵌泡沫金属圆管内流动沸腾的换热特性。泡沫金属为10ppi、90%孔隙率;制冷剂为R410A,润滑油为VG68,油浓度为0～5%。实验结果表明:纯制冷剂工况下,泡沫金属强化流动沸腾换热系数,换热系数提高30%～120%;含油工况下,泡沫金属只强化流动沸腾换热系数20%以下,在低质流密度或者高质流密度的高干度情况下出现恶化换热的情况。润滑油总是恶化制冷剂在内嵌泡沫金属圆管内流动沸腾的换热系数,换热系数最多恶化71%,且在低质流密度下对换热的恶化比在高质流密度工况下严重。     

倾斜角度对流动沸腾换热影响的实验研究

本文对直管和螺旋管在不同倾角下的换热特性进行了实验研究和比较,获得了二者随着热流密度和质量流量变化时不同倾角下的平均换热系数.实验结果表明,倾角对直管和螺旋管的平均换热系数的影响都不大,不同倾角下平均换热系数最大差别对于直管约为10%,对于螺旋管则为20%.