三粒子GHZ态的量子信息分离方案(英文)

提出一个用GHZ态作为量子信道分离类GHZ态的方案.如果发送者Alice预先知道原量子态,Alice执行两量子比特投影测量后,接收者Bob和Charlie一起合作能恢复初态.我们计算了这个方案成功的几率和消耗的经典信息.一般地,Alice能成功地分离量子态的几率是1/4和消耗的经典信息是3/4经典比特.然而,在五种特殊情形下,消耗一些多余经典信息后,成功的几率能达到1/2甚至1.     

利用非Bell基测量实现两粒子纠缠态的隐形传输

研究无Bell基测量的未知两粒子纠缠态的隐形传态方案。Alice需传送未知两原子纠缠态给Bob,以她和Bob的原子组成的最大纠缠GHZ态作为量子信道,通过两原子同时在一个强经典驱动场驱动下和一个单模腔场发生相互作用,产生态的演化,从而实现隐形传态。本方案可忽略腔场热作用和腔延迟作用的影响,传送成功的总几率为1。     

通过纠缠交换实现N粒子任意态的概率传态

量子隐形传态的杰出安全特性使其在未来的通讯领域充满潜力.量子力学的不确定性原理和不可克隆定理禁止对量子态进行直接复制,因此,量子隐形传态将量子态划分为经典和量子两部分,信息分别经由经典和量子通道从发送者Alice传递给远方的接收者Bob,根据这两种信息,Bob实行相应操作就可以以一定的几率重建初始传送态.利用一般意义的隐形传态方案,提出一种简便的新方法实现了一个N粒子任意态的概率传态.方法采用N个非最大纠缠的三粒子GHZ态作为量子通道,避免了引入额外的辅助粒子.为了实现传态,Alice将所有粒子分成N份,对第i份的粒子对(i,x_i)实行Bell测量并将结果通过经典通道通知Bob,Bob对粒子(y_i,z_i)进行相应的操作就可以完成第i个粒子信息的传送.当完成N次相似的重复操作后,Bob就可以准确地重建初始传送态.文中以Bell态测量为基本手段,重复的操作同时也降低了实验难度,作为一个特例,文中给出了一个两粒子任意态的传态方案.     

双向隐形传态方案及安全性分析

提出了一种用Bell纠缠态作为量子信道,实现双向隐形传态的方案.通信双方Alice、Bob事先共享二对Bell纠缠态,通信开始后,Alice、Bob分别对自己拥有的部分粒子作Bell基联合测量,并将测量结果通过经典信道告诉对方.Alice、Bob根据对方提供的测量结果,做相应的幺正变换,即在己方的粒子上,再现对方要传的量子态信息,从而实现双向传态的目的.为了提高量子双向隐形传态的安全性,加入第三方控制,分析表明,通过增加控制方的粒子数可以增加系统的安全性,但增加到一定数量后,将无助于量子信道安全性的提高.     

用Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态作量子信道实现多点控制的远程单比特幺正变换

提出了一个用三粒子纠缠的GHZ态作为量子信道实现多点控制的远程单比特幺正变换的操纵方案.在该方案中,发送者Alice能“传送”一个幺正变换给远距离的接收者Bob,此幺正变换的结构分别由Alice和Bob决定.而Alice与Bob间的量子信道宽度,亦远程单比特幺正变换的成功操纵几率则由第三者Cindy控制.Cindy与Alice（Bob）间的经典通讯也由Cindy控制.     

基于四粒子GHZ态的可控量子双向隐形传态及安全性

提出一个基于四粒子GHZ纠缠态实现未知单粒子态的可控量子双向传态方案.通信双方Alice和Bob以及控制方事先密享两对四粒子GHZ纠缠态以构建量子信道,根据纠缠粒子的不同分发方式,以及测量时所选择的不同测量基,可以分别实现三方和四方参与的可控量子双向传态.通信开始后,Alice和Bob分别对自己拥有的部分粒子作量子投影测量,若控制方同意双方通信,则对自己拥有的粒子作测量并通过经典信道公布测量结果.通信双方根据控制方公布的测量结果对各自的某个粒子作相应的幺正变换,即可在己方的粒子上重建对方待传的量子态.由于第三方Charlie以及第四方Dennis的加入,整个双向传态的安全性大为提高.     

能够突破标准量子极限的原子双数态的制备研究

所有经典的双模(两路径)干涉仪的相位测量精度都受限于1/N/(1/2)(其中N为参与干涉测量的总粒子数),这一极限被称为经典极限或标准量子极限.量子计量学最重要的目标之一是探索如何通过量子纠缠实现超越经典极限的测量精度.双数态是一种能突破经典极限的纠缠态,它由数目相等、不可区分的自旋朝上和朝下(双模)玻色粒子组成.通过光学自发参量下转换或囚禁离子内态的操控手段已实现了不到十个光子或离子的双数态.利用玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中原子的自旋混合过程,近年来也能产生多达几千个原子的双数态.但是这样制备的双数态的总粒子数的随机涨落过大,限制了它们的实际应用潜力.最近,我们通过调控原子凝聚体中的量子相变,实现了超过一万个原子的双数态的确定性制备.本文简要综述这一研究进展.     

基于六粒子最大纠缠态的双向控制隐形传态方案(英文)EI北大核心CSCD

提出了一个利用六粒子最大纠缠态作为纠缠资源的双向量子控制隐形传态方案.该理论方案中,六粒子最大纠缠态作为量子通道来连系着合法的三方——通信双方和控制方,通信双方既是发送方同时也是接收方.传输过程中,Alice传输一个任意单粒子态a给Bob的同时Bob也传输一个任意的单粒子态b给Alice;由控制方Charlie来控制和协助通信双方完成最终的量子态的交换;Bob先对自己手中的粒子作一个幺正操作,用户双方再各自对自己手中的粒子执行Bell基测量,测量完成后通过经典信道将自己的测量结果公开宣布,用户双方根据对方所公布的测量结果做相应的幺正操作,从而成功地实现双向量子控制隐形传态.     

未知三粒子GHZ纠缠态的网络多人控制传送

提出一种多人控制的三粒子GHZ纠缠态的量子隐形传送方案,为了实现传送,Alice需要对自己的三对粒子实施Bell测量并将结果通知Bob,异地的众多监控者对各自的控制位粒子实施Hadamard变换和投影测量.接受者Bob在Alice和所有监控的者发送的经典信息的协助下只需要施行简单的幺正变换就能成功实现量子态的隐形传送,传送过程中任意一个参与者的缺席都将导致传送的失败.     

基于高维单粒子态的双向半量子安全直接通信协议

本文设计了一个基于高维单粒子态的双向半量子安全直接通信协议,该协议包括量子方Alice和经典方Bob,每个参与方可以同时接收和发送秘密信息.协议中的经典方Bob无需具备量子态检测能力,因此该协议在现有技术条件下更易实现.安全性分析表明:在不被合法通信者发现的情况下,截获重发、测量重发、篡改攻击以及纠缠攻击等常见攻击手段均无法获取秘密信息.此外,该协议利用高维单粒子态作为信息传输的载体,这有效提高了秘密信息的传输效率.     

Efficient State Preparation via Ion Trap Quantum Computing and Quantum Searching Algorithm

We present a scheme to-prepare a quantum state in an ion trap with probability approaching to one by means of ion trap quantum computing and Grover's quantum search algorithm acting on trapped ions.     

Scheme for teleportation of unknown states of trapped ion

A scheme is presented for teleporting an unknown state in a trapped ion system. The scheme only requires a single laser beam. It allows the trap to be in any state with a few phonons, e.g. a thermal motion. Furthermore, it works in the regime, where the Rabi frequency of the laser is on the order of the trap frequency. Thus, the teleportation speed is greatly increased, which is important for decreasing the decoherence effect. This idea can also be used to teleport an unknown ionic entangled state.     

A New Approach to Measurement of Heating Rate of Trapped Ions

We propose a new scheme to estimate the heating rate of trapped ions inthermal states. By applying a controlled-U gate between the internal and themotional states of one of the trapped ions, we could obtain the mean phononnumber from the population of the internal state of the ion. The imperfection due to fluctuations of the relevant parameters in real experiments is considered and we analyze the experimental feasibility of our scheme with sophisticated ion trap techniques.     

利用离子阱技术实现1→2和1→3的最优非对称经济型相位协变克隆的方案

我们提出利用离子阱技术来实现1→2和1→3的最优非对称经济型相位协变克隆的实验可行性方案.在这两个方案中集体振动模开始处于真空态.在第一个方案中,我们先用激光驱动第一个离子,然后把振动模的态映射到第二个离子上.在第二个方案中,先用两束不同的激光驱动两个离子,然后把振动模的态映射到第三个离子上.这两个方案都是以共振边带激发为基础的,因此用现在的离子阱技术是可以实现的.     

Generation of two-mode SU(2) and SU(1,1) cat states in a two-dimensional anisotropic ion trap

A scheme is proposed for generating two-mode SU(2) and SU(1,1) cat states for an ion trapped in a two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic harmonic potential trap. In the scheme the ion is excited by two laser beams in the trap plane. After an interaction time, a measurement on the internal state collapses the ion motion onto a superposition of two SU(2) or SU(1,1) coherent states depending on the laser frequencies. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60008003, Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. K20004 and F0110027, and Funds from Fuzhou University.     

Probabilistic Teleportation of Two-Particle State of General Formation in Ion Trap

We propose a scheme for the probabilistic teleportation of an unknown two-particle state of general formation in ion trap. It is shown that one can realize experimentally this teleportation protocol of two-particle state with presently available techniques.     

Entanglement concentration and teleportation of multipartite entangled states in an ion trap

We propose an effective scheme for the entanglement concentration of a four-particle state via entanglement swapping in an ion trap. Taking the maximally entangled state after concentration as a quantum channel, we can faithfully and determinatively teleport quantum entangled states from Alice to Bob without the joint Bell-state measurement. In the process of constructing the quantum channel, we adopt entanglement swapping to avoid the decrease of entanglement during the distribution of particles. Thus our scheme provides a new prospect for quantum teleportation over a longer distance. Furthermore, the success probability of our scheme is 1.0.     

Approximate Teleportation of an Unknown Atomic-Entangled State with Dissipative Atom-Cavity Resonant Jaynes-Cummings Model

We propose a scheme for approximately and conditionally teleporting an unknown atomic-entangled state in dissipative cavity QED. It is the further development of the scheme of [Phys. Rev. A 69 (2004) 064302], where the cavity mode decay has not been considered and the state teleportated is an unknown atomic state. In this paper, we investigate the influence of the decay on the approximate and conditional teleportation of the unknown atomic-entangled state, which is different from that teleportated in [Phys. Rev. A 69 (2004) 064302] and then give the fidelity of the teleportation, which depends on the cavity mode decay. The scheme may be generalized to not only the teleportation of the cavity-mode-entangled-state by means of a single atom but also the teleportation of the unknown trapped-ion-entangled-state in a linear ion trap.     

First use of high charge states for mass measurements of short-lived nuclides in a Penning trap

Penning trap mass measurements of short-lived nuclides have been performed for the first time with highly charged ions, using the TITAN facility at TRIUMF. Compared to singly charged ions, this provides an improvement in experimental precision that scales with the charge state q. Neutron-deficient Rb isotopes have been charge bred in an electron beam ion trap to q=8-12+ prior to injection into the Penning trap. In combination with the Ramsey excitation scheme, this unique setup creating low energy, highly charged ions at a radioactive beam facility opens the door to unrivaled precision with gains of 1-2 orders of magnitude. The method is particularly suited for short-lived nuclides such as the superallowed β emitter 74Rb (T(1/2)=65 ms). The determination of its atomic mass and an improved Q(EC) value are presented.     

A scheme of quantum phase gate for trapped ion

We propose a scheme to implement two-qubit controlled quantum phase gate(CQPG) via a single trapped two-level ion located in the standing wave field of a quantum cavity, in which the trap works beyond the Lamb--Dicke limit. When the light field is resonant with the atomic transition $|g\rangle\leftrightarrow|e\rangle$ of the ion located at the antinode of the standing wave, we can perform CQPG between the internal and external states of the trapped ion; while the frequency of the light field is chosen to be resonant with the first red sideband of the collective vibrational mode of the ion located at the node of the standing wave, we can perform CQPG between the cavity mode and the collective vibrational mode of the trapped ion. Neither the Lamb--Dicke approximation nor the assistant classical laser is needed. Also we can generate a GHZ state if assisted with a classical laser.