共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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使用光学显微镜、显微硬度计、X射线衍射、SEM、TEM等方法对高速切削30CrNi3MoV高强度钢锯齿形切屑中第一和第二变形区内形成绝热剪切带和白层进行了观察和研究。结果表明,形成了两种形式的绝热剪切带,即低速下形成的形变带和高速下形成的转变带。转变带内的硬度高于形变带和切屑基体。X射线衍射表明白层内发生了马氏体相变。TEM观察发现,形变带内为经历了大塑性变形的回火马氏体组织。转变带是由尺寸为50~100 nm的等轴晶组成,绝热剪切带形成过程中发生了动态再结晶。 相似文献
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快速加载下TNT材料中绝热剪切带的细观研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文对快加载后的国产TNT材料,采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察,研究了其显微组织,结果表明:在快速加载条件下材料中有绝热剪切带生成。剪切带在细观上的表现形式为:(1)以应变高度集中,晶粒剧烈扭曲为特征的细观组织形貌;(2)在局部区域,晶粒被急剧拉长,形成粗亮而边界清晰的剪切带。在快速加载条件下TNT材料中绝热剪切带的产生同时取决于应变和应变切带。在快速的加载条件TNT材料中绝热剪切带的产生同时决于应 相似文献
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简述了绝热剪切现象及其涉及的领域,指出了绝热剪切研究的意义和它重要的工程应用价值,对绝热剪切研究物现状作了扼要的总结。 相似文献
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绝热剪切失效是增材制造金属材料在高应变率载荷下的重要失效方式。使用电火花从冷金属过渡电弧增材技术制备的316L不锈钢单壁上沿着制造方向和扫描方向割出动态加载圆柱试样(尺寸为$varnothing $ ![]()
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4 mm×4 mm)。采用分离式霍普金森杆对增材制造316L试样在应变率4000到6000 s−1下加载至绝热剪切状态,研究了其动态剪切变形行为特别是剪切带内微观组织特征结构。不同应变率动态加载下,电弧增材制造316L不锈钢的动态应力首先由于应变硬化而增大,随后绝热剪切热软化与应变硬化的平衡导致了动态变形最后阶段的应力平台效应。绝热剪切带中亚晶经历了动态再结晶过程,具有与基体完全不同的等轴晶形貌,晶粒尺寸大约在200~300 nm。动态剪切复杂热力过程导致剪切带内的亚晶形成了双重织构,既有与基体一致的沿着压缩方向的<110>丝织构,也有与宏观剪切方向相关的晶体学织构,即(111)沿着宏观剪切面,<112>沿着宏观剪切方向。不同剪切带的等轴亚晶都有大量残余Σ3 60°晶界,同时存在与基体相同的孪生织构,可以证明孪生再结晶是绝热剪切带内亚晶主要的动态再结晶机制。宏观绝热剪切带发展路径沿着压缩面35°的对称路径发展,这除了符合动态加载下试样中最大应变和热场分布的外加物理条件,还符合剪切面(111)与基体(110)面交角为35.2°的晶体学条件。此外,基体中存在大量微观局部变形带来承载应变,微观局部变形带内亚晶也具有与基体孪晶组织不同的位向和形貌。 相似文献
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提出了高速切削过程中诱发绝热剪切带形成的热塑性剪切波的传播机理,针对锯齿形切屑中热望性区域内的塑性梯度变形特征、动量和能量耗散情况,建立了与切削条件相关的热塑性剪切波的传播模型及剪切带宽度模型.在此基础上,通过淬硬45钢的切削实验并结合改进的Johnson-Cook本构模型分析了热塑性剪切波的传播规律,并将剪切带宽度模型与已提出的DB模型、WR模型和DM模型做了对比,结果表明,由热塑性剪切波传播理论推导的剪切带宽度模型与实验结果较其他模型吻合较好. 相似文献
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利用分离式霍普金森压杆加载Ta2钛合金扁平闭合帽形受迫剪切试样,结合数字图像相关法和\"冻结\"试样的微观金相观察,研究剪切区剪切应变的演化、绝热剪切带形成条件等.结果显示:受迫剪切试样在动态加载过程,剪切区剪切应变不断集中,形成绝热剪切带,裂纹沿绝热剪切带发展;随加载率提高,绝热剪切起始临界应变减小;进一步利用数字图像相关法DIC场应变分析及金相微观观测对比,利用卸载回复特性对绝热剪切带起始临界条件进行了讨论,计算的绝热剪切带起始时温升仅为86℃.材料软化可能不是绝热剪切带起始的控制条件,相反是由于绝热剪切带形成造成的应变高度集中发展导致温度急剧升高. 相似文献
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使用二辊轧机对TA2工业纯钛进行多道次大应变冷轧处理,制备了冷轧总变形量为70%的TA2纯钛板。通过对冷轧TA2纯钛板进行500 ℃加热、不同保温时间的退火处理,获得了具有不同再结晶组织的钛板。基于帽形试样和限位环变形控制技术,在分离式霍普金森压杆装置上对不同再结晶组织的试样进行动态冲击冻结实验,结合光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜表征试样冲击前后微观组织的变化,研究了再结晶组织对TA2纯钛绝热剪切行为的影响。结果表明,随着退火保温时间的延长,试样再结晶晶粒占比逐渐增大,晶粒分布由分散向局部聚集转变;在相同应变和应变率下,在所有试样中都观察到了绝热剪切带,再结晶晶粒占比高的试样更易诱发绝热剪切带中裂纹形核扩展。对比变形前后试样再结晶组织和几何必需位错变化,结合剪切区整体温升分析发现,再结晶晶粒作为材料软化点能够诱发剪切带的形成,而剪切带发展后期产生的绝热温升会促进剪切带内材料发生二次再结晶,提高剪切带内材料的韧性,延缓剪切裂纹的形成。 相似文献
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Yazhou Guo Yulong Li 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》2012,25(3):299-311
Modifications were made on the traditional split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system to conduct dynamic shear tests. The shear response of Ti-6Al-4V was acquired at a shear strain rate of 10 4 s 1 by using this modified apparatus. The geometry as well as the clamping mode of the double-notch specimen was optimized by commercial FEM software ABAQUS, and the feasibility of the experiment set-up was validated. A shear stress calibration coefficient of τ = 1.03 and a shear strain calibration coefficient of Γ = 0.50 were obtained.We have employed high-speed photography to record the deformation process, especially the initiation and propagation of adiabatic shear band (ASB), during the dynamic shear test. The frames show that the time duration from ASB initiation to its completion is less than 2 μs, from which we can estimate that the propagation speed of ASB within Ti-6Al-4V is more than 1250 m/s under such loading conditions. The temperature rise within ASB is also estimated to be T 2 ≈ 1460℃ based on energy balance. Such high temperature has led to softening of the material within the ASBs, and has intensified the shear localization and finally resulted in fracture of the material. 相似文献
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Summary The main objective of the present paper is the development of a viscoplastic regularization procedure valid for an adiabatic dynamic process for multi-slips of single crystals. The next objective is to focus attention on the investigation of instability criteria, and particularly on shear band localization conditions.To achieve this aim, an analysis of acceleration waves is given, and advantage is taken of the notion of the instantaneous adiabatic acoustic tensor. If zero is an eigenvalue of the acoustic tensor, then the associated discontinuity does not propagate, and one speaks of a stationary discontinuity. This situation is referred to as the strain localization condition, and corresponds to a loss of hyperbolicity of the dynamical equations. It has been proved that for an, adiabatic process of rate-dependent (elastic-viscoplastic) crystal, the wave speed of discontinuity surface always remains real and different from zero. It means that for this case the initial-value problem is well-posed. However, for an adiabatic process of rate-independent(elastic-plastic) crystal, the wave speed of discontinuity surface can be equal zero. Then the necessary condition for a localized plastic deformation along the shear band to be formed is as follows: the determinant of the instantaneous adiabatic acoustic tensor is equal to zero. This condition for localization is equivalent to that obtained by using the standard bifurcation method. Based on this idea, the conditions for adiabatic shear band localization of plastic deformation have been investigated for single crystals. Particular attention has been focused on the discussion of the influence of thermal expansion, thermal plastic, softening and spatial covariance effects on shear band localization criteria for a planar model of an f.c.c. crystal undergoing symmetric primary-conjugate double slip. The results obtained have been compared with available experimental observations.Finally, it is noteworthy that the viscoplasticity regularization procedure can be used in the developing of an unconditionally stable numerical integration algorithm for simulation of adiabatic inelastic flow processes in ductile single crystals, cf. [21].The paper has been prepared within research programme sponsored by the Committee of Scientific Research under Grant 3 P404 031 07. 相似文献
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冲击载荷下钨合金圆台试件绝热剪切变形局部化的数值模 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用有限元计算编码ABAQUS模拟了钨合金圆台试件在冲击载荷下的变形和剪切局部化行为。计算采用二维轴对称应变条件下的绝热模型。钨合金的本构方程采用热粘塑性形式的Johnson Cook模型。为了得到不同尺度的变形信息 ,计算中用了两种网格 ;先用粗糙网格分析试件变形局部化的概貌 ;接着 ,用细密网格 (在变形局部化区域 ,网格尺寸达到 10 m)分析绝热剪切带的形成和发展。有限元模拟得到的绝热剪切带位置和方向与实验一致。计算结果表明 ,绝热剪切带的形成和发展与试件的应力状态密切相关。 相似文献
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对两种热处理条件不同的TC4钛合金圆筒在内部爆轰加载下的自然破片形成过程作了研究,并对破片的宏观断裂特征和细观断裂机理进行了分析。研究结果表明,一些引燃战斗部采用钛合金壳体的根本原因在于利用壳体破裂时形成的高温绝热剪切带和钛元素本身在高温下的剧烈氧化性。 相似文献