Analysis of Vector Meson Transitions Among Heavy Quarkonium States

In this article,we study the vector meson transitions among the charmonium and bottomonium states with the heavy quark effective theory in a systematic way,and make predictions for the ratios among the vector meson decay widths of a special multiplet to another multiplet.The predictions can be confronted with the experimental data in the future.     

Two-pion production in photon-induced reactions

Differences in the photoproduction of mesons on the free proton and on nuclei are expected to reveal changes in the properties of hadrons. Inclusive studies of nuclear photoabsorption have provided evidence of medium modifications. However, the results have not been explained in a model independent way. A deeper understanding of the situation is anticipated from a detailed experimental study of meson photoproduction from nuclei in exclusive reactions. In the energy regime above the Δ(1232) resonance, the dominant double pion production channels are of particular interest. Double pion photoproduction from nuclei is also used to investigate the in-medium modification of meson-meson interactions     

Nuclear physics program at MAX-lab

The upgrade of the MAX-lab injector and the construction of MAX Ⅲ, provided the opportunity for upgrading the tagged-photon facility and thus lead to the possibility of more extensive program in nuclear physics research. This upgrade increased the injected electron energy to an eventual maximum of 250 MeV and allows for the extraction of electrons from the MAX Ⅰ ring operated in the stretcher mode. The first stretched beam was delivered in September 2005. The tagged-photon facility was commissioned in parallel with the commissioning of new experimental equipment. The PAC approved experimental program is current in progress, including measurements of pion photoproduction below the △(1232). The efforts at the tagged photon-facility are pursued within an international collaboration with around fifty members.     

Superscaling predictions for neutrino-induced charged-current charged pion production at MiniBooNE

Superscaling approximation (SuSA) predictions to neutrino-induced charged-current charged pion production in the Δ-resonance region are explored under MiniBooNE experimental conditions. The results obtained within SuSA for the flux-averaged double-differential cross sections of the π⁺${\pi }^{+}$ production for the _νμ+_CH2${\nu }_{\mu }+{\mathrm{CH}}_2$ reaction as a function of the muon kinetic energy and of the scattering angle, the cross sections averaged over the angle, the total cross section for the π⁺${\pi }^{+}$ production, as well as CC1π⁺$\mathrm{CC}1{\pi }^{+}$ to CCQE cross section ratio are compared with the corresponding MiniBooNE experimental data. The SuSA predictions are in good agreement with data on neutrino flux average cross sections, but a somewhat different dependence on the neutrino energy is predicted than the one resulting from the experimental analysis.     

Bottomonium Spectrum and Decays with One Gluon Exchange Potential

The phenomenological non-relativistic quark model (NRQM) has been employedto obtain the masses of bottomonium states. In the frame work of
NRQM an exhaustive study of radiative and leptonic decays has been made.The Hamiltonian used in the investigation has kinetic energy, confinement potential and one gluon exchange potential (OGEP). An overall agreement is obtained with the experimental masses and decay widths.     

Incoherent pion photoproduction on the deuteron including polarization effects

Incoherent pion photoproduction on the deuteron including polarization effects is studied in the energy region from π-threshold up to the Δ(1232)-resonance with inclusion of all leading πNN effects. For the elementary pion photoproduction operator, a realistic effective Lagrangian approach is used which displays chiral symmetry, gauge invariance, and crossing symmetry, as well as a consistent treatment of the spin-3/2 interaction. The interactions in the final two-body subsystems are taken in separable form. Effects of final state interaction are investigated and their role in unpolarized and polarization observables are found to be significant. The extracted cross sections and spin asymmetries are compared with available experimental data and predictions of other works, and a satisfactory agreement is obtained. In addition, the sensitivity of results to the elementary N(γ, π)N operator is investigated. Considerable dependence of the d(γ, π)NN results on the elementary amplitude is found. This indicates that it can serve as a filter for different elementary operators.     

Double pion photoproduction off 40Ca

The photoproduction of π ⁰ π ⁰ and π ⁰ π ^± pairs off ⁴⁰Ca has been investigated with the TAPS detector using the Glasgow photon tagging spectrometer at the Mainz MAMI accelerator. Data have been taken for incident photon energies in the energy range from 200-820MeV. Total cross-sections have been extracted from threshold up to the maximum photon energy and invariant-mass distributions of the pion pairs have been obtained for incident photon energies between 400-500MeV and 500-550MeV. The double π ⁰ invariant-mass distributions show some relative enhancement with respect to the mixed charge channel at small invariant masses. The effects are smaller than previously observed for lead nuclei and the distributions do not significantly deviate from carbon data. The data are in good agreement with the results of recent calculations in the framework of the BUU model, with careful treatment of final-state interaction effects but without an explicit in-medium modification of scalar, iso-scalar pion pairs. This means that for Ca most of the experimentally observed effect can be explained by final-state interactions. Only at low incident photon energies there is still a small low mass enhancement of the double π ⁰ data over the BUU results.     

Spallation reactions studied with 4π-detector arrays

Recently here has been a renewed interest in the study of spallation reactions in basic nuclear physics as well as in potential applications. Spallation reactions induced by light projectiles (protons, antiprotons, pions, etc.) in the GeV range allow the formation of hot nuclei which do not suffer the collective excitations (compression, rotation, deformation) unavoidable when using massive projectiles. Such nuclei provide an ideal testbench for probing their decay as a function of excitation energy. In these investigations, 4π-detector arrays for charged particles and neutrons play a major role in the event-by-event sorting according to the excitation energy of the nucleus. Spallation reactions induced on heavy nuclei allow the conversion of the incident GeV proton into several tens of evaporated neutrons. The neutron production in thick targets has been investigated in great detail thanks to the use of high efficiency neutron detector arrays. When scattered on samples of inert or biological materials, these neutrons can be used to study details of the material structure. They could also be utilized for the transmutation of long-lived nuclear wastes or for the feeding of sub-critical nuclear reactors. The role of different types of multi-detector arrays is highlighted in this paper. Several references are also given for different uses of high efficiency neutron detectors in other contexts.     

Surface and volume effects in the photoabsorption of nuclei

Recent experimental results for meson photoproduction from nuclei obtained with TAPS at MAMI are analyzed in view of the suppression of the second nucleon resonance region in total photoabsorption. The cross-sections can be split into a component from the low-density surface region of nuclei and a component which scales more like the nuclear volume. The energy dependence of the surface component is similar to the deuteron cross-section, it shows a clear signal for the second resonance peak assigned to the excitation of the P₁₁(1440), D₁₃(1520), and S₁₁(1535). The volume component behaves differently, it is lacking the second resonance peak and shows an enhancement at intermediate photon energies.     

Belle实验ϒ(5S)数据中新类底偶素态的寻找

Belle实验组利用在ϒ (5S)共振峰上采集的大数据样本,对e⁺e^－→π⁺π^－ϒ (nS)和π⁺π^－h_b (mP) (n=1,2,3,m=1,2)过程进行了研究,在π^±ϒ (nS)和π^±h_b(mP)的系统中,同时观测到了两个新的带电类底偶素结构——Z_b(10610)和Z_b(10650)。它们衰变到底偶素末态,同时还带有电荷,所以它们的组成成份中至少含有4个夸克。最近,对e⁺e^－→π⁺π^－π⁰ γ ϒ (1S)过程也进行了研究,在ωϒ (1S)系统中对类X(3872)的底偶素态X_b进行了寻找。     

Belle实验?(5S)数据中新类底偶素态的寻找

Belle实验组利用在?(5S)共振峰上采集的大数据样本,对e+e－→π+π－?(nS)和π+π－hb (mP)(n=1,2,3,m=1,2)过程进行了研究,在π±?(nS)和π±hb(mP)的系统中,同时观测到了两个新的带电类底偶素结构——Zb(10610)和Zb(10650)。它们衰变到底偶素末态,同时还带有电荷,所以它们的组成成份中至少含有4个夸克。最近,对e+e－→π+π－π0γ?(1S)过程也进行了研究,在ω?(1S)系统中对类X(3872)的底偶素态Xb进行了寻找。     

Chiral soliton model vs. pentaquark structure for Θ(1540)

The exotic baryon Θ⁺(1540 MeV) is visualized as an expected (iso) rotational excitation in the chiral soliton model. It is also argued as a pentaquark baryon state in a constituent quark model with strong diquark correlations. I contrast these two points of view; observe the similarities and differences between the two pictures. Collective excitation, the characteristic of chiral soliton model, points toward small mixing of representations in the wake ofSU (3) breaking. In contrast, constituent quark models prefer near ‘ideal’ mixing, similar to ω-φ mixing.     

Photoproduction of η -mesons on the deuteron above S<Subscript>11</Subscript>(1535) in the presence of a narrow P<Subscript>11</Subscript>(1670) -resonance

Incoherent photoproduction of η -mesons on the deuteron is considered. The main attention is paid to the region above the S ₁₁(1535) -resonance where a rather narrow resonance-like structure in the total cross-section extracted for γn → ηn has been reported. The corresponding experimental results are analyzed from the phenomenological standpoint within the model containing a baryon P₁₁ with a mass of about 1670MeV and a width less than 30MeV. This resonance was suggested in some recent works as a nonstrange member of the pentaquark antidecuplet with J ^P = 1/2⁺ . The calculation is also performed for the polarized and unpolarized angular distributions of η -mesons. In addition, we present our predictions for the cross-sections of the neutral kaons and double pion photoproduction, where the same narrow P ₁₁(1670) -resonance is assumed to contribute through the decay into K ⁰Λ and πΔ configuration.     

Study of excited nucleon states at EBAC: status and plans

We present an overview of a research program for the excited nucleon states in Excited Baryon Analysis Center （EBAC） at Jefferson Lab. Current status of our analysis of the meson production reactions based on the unitary dynamical coupled-channels model is summarized, and the N＊ pole positions extracted from the constructed scattering amplitudes are presented. Our plans for future developments are also discussed.     

Study of excited nucleon states at EBAC: status and plans

We present an overview of a research program for the excited nucleon states in Excited Baryon Analysis Center (EBAC) at Jefferson Lab. Current status of our analysis of the meson production reactions based on the unitary dynamical coupled-channels model is summarized, and the N~* pole positions extracted from the constructed scattering amplitudes are presented. Our plans for future developments are also discussed.     

The possibility to use ‘energy plus transmutation’ set-up for neutron production and transport benchmark studies

The set-up ‘energy plus transmutation’, consisting of a thick lead target and a natural uranium blanket, was irradiated by relativistic proton beams with the energy from 0.7 GeV up to 2 GeV. Neutron field was measured in different places of this set-up using different activation detectors. The possibilities of using the obtained data for benchmark studies are analyzed in this paper. Uncertainties of experimental data are shown and discussed. The experimental data are compared with results of simulation with MCNPX code.