共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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流体力学关联对胶体簇团大小的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用计算机模拟的方法研究了流体力学关联对胶体簇团大小的影响.研究表明,流体力学关联可使簇团尺寸大大增加,约为无流体力学关联时簇团大小的2~20倍(在研究情况下).把该结果与前人的研究作了对照,并解释了其中可能的原因 相似文献
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中药复方的计算机模拟研究 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
中药复方的特点是多靶酶、多靶点及多种组分起作用。在中药复方的制作过程中也伴随着复杂的物理和化学变化,可能形成各种复合物。因此中药复方是一个复杂的分子体系,其作用机理也非常复杂。利用实验室方法分离纯化获得组分已是一个非常艰巨的任务,而研究其作用机理更是... 相似文献
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剪应力下弱作用势胶体颗粒聚团的特点 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
探讨了不同剪应力下,具有Lennard-Jones势的胶体颗粒聚团的结构特性,包括簇团的大小分布,径向分布函数,分形维数和原子配位数。研究表明,在弱作用力下,胶体簇团的分布随剪应力的增加而趋向小簇团一边;径向分布函数曲线随剪应力的增加而降低,胡在近程距离内降低得最多;分形维数随剪应力的增加表现为先增加后减小的趋势,其值随模拟条件的不同而在1.9-2.4之间变动。剪应力“场”对分形维数的大小没有太大 相似文献
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实物微粒既具有波动性,又具有粒子性,这是已被实验所证实的结论.也是现代物质结构所必须讲解清楚的内容.微观粒子看起来是比较抽象的东西,且反映其行为的实验教学仪器又比较缺乏,使得在物质结构教学中难以让学生看到它们的真实状况,仅了解到它们的表面现象.为便于形象化、直观化,本文利用微机方便、灵活、易于普及操作等优点,仿效微观粒子的运动状态,使学生看起来生动、真实,利于提高教学效果. 相似文献
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高分子熔体结晶的两维计算机模拟胡文兵,于同隐,卜海山(复旦大学高分子科学系,复旦大学材料科学系,上海,200433)关键词计算机模拟,有序相变,高分子1956年Flory[1]从平均场近似的格子模型证明:高分子链的非柔顺性会导致长链的完全有序排列.此... 相似文献
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用计算机模拟的方法详细研究了聚丙烯薄膜表面分子级别的结构 .采用无定形本体聚丙烯产生初始的随机父链 ,将一条随机父链在二维边界条件下进行塌陷 ,研究薄膜在真空中的构型 .用 10 0个重复单元的父链生成厚度为 3 5nm的薄膜 .发现薄膜内部密度等于聚丙烯的本体密度 ,而离自由表面 0 8nm处薄膜的密度开始跌落 .主链键在内部随机取向 ,在自由表面附近则明显沿薄膜表面平面取向 ,键开始有序取向的程度大致与质量密度相对于本体密度的减小一致 .与聚丙烯本体相比 ,薄膜表面中CH2 CH 的反式结构和旁式结构是增加的 ,这是因为分子链能更好的沿薄膜平面舒展 .同时通过聚丙烯无定形本体 (3D周期性 )和薄膜 (2D周期性 )中的链的能量的差异计算了薄膜内部能量对表面能量的贡献 . 相似文献
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缩聚反应是一类重要的高分子合成方法。其中最简单的反应为线型缩聚体系,它可分为两类,分别是含有两个可缩合的官能团的单体或单体对进行的相互缩合的体系。Flory在上世纪四十年代采用统计方法对该缩聚体系做过系统的理论研究,并在官能团等活性的假定下提出了著名的Flory分布函数,由此揭示了反应体系中数均聚合度xn、重均聚合度xw、不同聚合度分子的分布情况与反应程度P的关系。本文利用计算机模拟的方法,同样在官能团等活性的假定下模拟了线性缩聚反应的全反应过程,所得到的结果与用统计方法所得到的结果完全一致。本方法是对整个真实反应过程的直观模拟,对研究相似的以逐步聚合反应机理进行的反应具有普适性,并具有可拓展到模拟更真实的粘性聚合体系以及研究反应动力学的潜力。 相似文献
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藻胆体的变藻蓝蛋白 (allophycocyanin ,APC)核外联天线杆 ,内接光合反应中心 ,在能量传递中起着承上启下的作用 .根据X射线晶体结构数据和变藻蓝蛋白亚基的吸收和荧光光谱 ,以计算机模拟方法研究变藻蓝蛋白单体和三聚体中的能量传递过程 .计算结果表明 :变藻蓝蛋白单体中两个亚基之间能量传递性质与C 藻蓝蛋白 (C phycocyanin ,C PC)相似 ;而在三聚体时则与C 藻蓝蛋白三聚体有根本的区别 .无论什么聚集态 ,C 藻蓝蛋白中β84色团总是主要的荧光发射体 ;而在变藻蓝蛋白中α84则成为主要的荧光发射体 .这与C 藻蓝蛋白中能量传递的基本单元是六聚体而在变藻蓝蛋白中为三聚体的事实一致 .由此可以推断变藻蓝蛋白中 2个三聚体是以α84相接的面面接近方式 ,因而 2个三聚体间能量传递主要靠α84色团实现 .变藻蓝蛋白这种特殊性是保证其高效传能功能的关键 相似文献
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本文对近五年来国内计算机化800篇论文的类型和分布百分比做一统计,评述了主要进展,与国际上这门学科的形势作了比较,并对今后我国计算机化学的发展做了预测。 相似文献
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《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(9):e202217518
This invited Team Profile was created by the Laboratory of Electrochemistry, Electroanalytic, and Sensor Development (LEEDS), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Brazil. They recently published an article about the origin of the zeta potential on an aqueous graphite dispersion prepared without passivating agents, with a minimal number of functional groups, and using concentrated ammonium hydroxide. Ammonia transfers electrons to graphite and raises the Fermi level of the carbon material above the original value. This electron excess generates the negative zeta potential, therefore it accounts for colloidal stability. “The Electronic Origin of the Zeta Potential is Supported by the Redox Mechanism on an Aqueous Dispersion of Exfoliated Graphite”, J. P. V. Damasceno, L. T. Kubota, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2022, e202214995 ; Angew. Chem. 2022, e202214995 相似文献
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计算机模拟在化学理论与实验教学中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
With the help of PHREEQC program,we introduced the application of computer simulation in theoretical and laboratory teaching of chemistry.Accordingly,reaction models for the chemical process of acid-base neutralization,complexation reaction,precipitation-dissolution equilibrium,and chemical kinetics were established.These models can greatly help the students understand chemistry,improve the teaching quality,enrich modern teaching methodology,develop students' creativity,and establish a scientific and efficient research method. 相似文献
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High Energy Chemistry - A large-scale computer simulation of the process of electronic excitation transport in close-packed nanoclusters of cadmium selenide colloidal quantum dots of various... 相似文献
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The present work addresses the question of the range and amplitude of bridging attraction that is induced between surfactant micelles functionalized with complexing groups in the presence of coordination centers. An alkylethoxylated ester phosphate (AEP) is synthesized from a non‐ionic surfactant and anchored into DTAB micelles. In the absence of any coordination center, functionalized micelles repel each other. Phase behavior, dynamic light scattering and small angle neutrons scattering (SANS) experiments show that this repulsive interaction is switched to attractive by the addition of coordination centers such as aluminum cations. The extent of the composition range of coexisting phase depends on the concentration of coordination center and on the pH. Analysis of the structure factor obtained from SANS shows that the range of attraction is determined by the molecular dimension of the chelating surfactant, while the depth can be tuned with the concentration of coordination center and the pH. The strong influence of the pH is interpreted as arising from the condensation of aluminium cations that lead to high functional polynuclear complexes. 相似文献
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长程范德华力导向作用下胶体凝聚的计算机模拟 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用计算机模拟方法研究了长程范德华力在胶体凝聚过程中的作用, 发现由于胶粒间的范德华力是长程力, 它对胶粒或团簇运动将产生导向作用. 与不考虑导向作用的扩散控制团簇凝聚(DLCA)模型比较, 这种导向作用不仅加速了胶体的凝聚过程, 而且形成了更致密、分形维数更大的结构体. 研究还发现, 长程范德华力导向作用对胶粒的初始浓度非常敏感, 不论是在凝聚物的结构还是凝聚速率方面, 只有在胶粒初始浓度较低时, 该导向作用效应才明显. 其可能的原因是,在胶粒初始浓度较高时, 由于胶粒布朗运动的平均自由程很短而且位阻效应大, 从而使导向作用效应未能反映出来. 相似文献
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Wilfred F. van Gunsteren Herman J. C. Berendsen 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1990,29(9):992-1023
During recent decades it has become feasible to simulate the dynamics of molecular systems on a computer. The method of molecular dynamics (MD) solves Newton's equations of motion for a molecular system, which results in trajectories for all atoms in the system. From these atomic trajectories a variety of properties can be calculated. The aim of computer simulations of molecular systems is to compute macroscopic behavior from microscopic interactions. The main contributions a microscopic consideration can offer are (1) the understanding and (2) interpretation of experimental results, (3) semiquantitative estimates of experimental results, and (4) the capability to interpolate or extrapolate experimental data into regions that are only difficultly accessible in the laboratory. One of the two basic problems in the field of molecular modeling and simulation is how to efficiently search the vast configuration space which is spanned by all possible molecular conformations for the global low (free) energy regions which will be populated by a molecular system in thermal equilibrium. The other basic problem is the derivation of a sufficiently accurate interaction energy function or force field for the molecular system of interest. An important part of the art of computer simulation is to choose the unavoidable assumptions, approximations and simplifications of the molecular model and computational procedure such that their contributions to the overall inaccuracy are of comparable size, without affecting significantly the property of interest. Methodology and some practical applications of computer simulation in the field of (bio)chemistry will be reviewed. 相似文献