Radiochemical separation of Ru/III/ with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole into chloroform employing solvent extraction technique

The reagent 2-mercaptobenzothiazole /2-HMBT/ has been used for the solvent extraction of Ru/III/. The extraction coefficient value of Ru/III/ has been evaluated, based on various parameters such as, effect of molarity of the acid, time of equilibration, time of heating, effect of various solvents and effect of various salts. The stoichiometry of the metal to reagent was determined by the method of substoichiometric extraction of slope-ratio method and was found to be 13. Separation factor and decontamination factor for various elements have also been studied.     

Radiochemical separation of Pd/II/ with isonitrosobenzoylacetone in benzene

The reagent isonitrosobenzoylacetone /HINBA/ was used for the radiochemical separation of Pd/II/ employing solvent extraction. Based on various parameters such as effect of molarity of the acid, time of equilibration and effect of various solvents; the extraction coefficient value of Pd/II/ has been evaluated. The stoichiometry of the metal to reagent was determined by the substoichiometric extraction and slope-ratio method and was found to be 12.     

Solvent extraction of Tl/I/ with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole into chloroform

The extraction of Tl/I/ with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole into chloroform has been studied. The effect of various parameters on the extraction coefficient value has been evaluated. The stoichiometry of the extracted species obtained from the substoichiometric extraction was found to be 11. This war further supported by the slope ratio method. Decontamination factors of a number of elements in the substoichiometric extraction of Tl/I/ were also obtained.     

Radiochemical separation of Mn/II/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole into 1-octanol employing solvent extraction technique

1,2,3-Benzotriazole /1,2,3-BT/ has been used for the radiochemical separation of Mn/II/ employing solvent extraction technique. Based on various parameters such as pH effect, time of equilibration and effect of various solvents, etc. the ideal conditions for the extraction of Mn/II/ was evaluated. The stoichiometry of the metal to reagent was determined by the substoichiometric extraction and slope-ratio method and found to be 12. The effect of anions on the extraction value of Mn/II/ revealed that a large number of anions do not interfere. Separation factors for various elements were also studied and the extraction found to be selective.     

A new method for the extraction of Au/III/ with ethyl thioacetoacetate into chloroform

A method has been developed for rapid and selective extraction of Au/III/ with ethyl thioacetoacetate /HETAcAc/ into chloroform at pH 4. The effect of various parameters on the extraction coefficient values have been studied. The stoichiometry of the extracted species 13 was obtained by the slope ratio method and by the method of substoichiometric extraction.     

Solvent extraction of Ni/II/ with isonitrosobenzoylacetone into chloroform

A method has been developed for the quantitative extraction of Ni/II/ with isonitrosobenzoylacetone /HINBA/ into chloroform. The effect of various parameters on the extraction coefficient value such as pH, time of equilibration, effect of solvents, anions, cations etc. have been studied. The stoichiometry of the metal: reagent determined by the method of substoichiometric extraction and slope ratio method was found to be 12. Decontamination factors for many elements in the substoichiometric extraction of Ni/II/ were also evaluated.     

Solvent extraction of Cu/II/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole into chloroform

1,2,3-Benzotriazole/1,2,3-BT/ has been used for the extraction of Cu/II/ into chloroform. The effect of various parameters on the extraction coefficient of Cu/II/ was evaluated. The stoichiometry of metal:reagent, determined by the method of substoichiometric extraction and slope ratio was found to be 12. Separation factor for a number of elements in the extraction of Cu/II/ has been evaluated.     

A study on the solvent extraction of Cd/II/ with 1,2,3 benzotriazole into n-heptanol

The extraction of cadmium/II/ with 1,2,3 benzotriazole /2-BT/ into n-heptanol has been studied. The effect of various parameters such as effect of pH, time of equilibration, effect of anions on the extraction coefficient values have been evaluated. The stoichiometry of the extracted species by the method of substoichiometric extraction and slope ratio method was found to be 12. Decontamination factors for a number of elements in the substoichiometric extraction of Cd/II/ were also obtained.     

A study on solvent extraction of Cu/II/ with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole into chloroform

A method has been developed for the rapid and selective extraction of Cu/II/ with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole /2-HMBT/ into chloroform. The effect of various parameters on the extractioncoefficient value have been studied. The stoichiometry of the extracted species of 12 /Cu2-HMBT/ was obtained by the slope ratio method and by the method of substoichiometric extraction.     

Solvent extraction of Zn/II/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole into n-hepatanol

A method based on solvent extraction has been developed for the radiochemical separation of Zn/II/ from other elements employing 1,2,3-benzotriazole as a complexing agent and n-heptanol as an extractant. Optimum conditions for the extraction have been established. The effect of various anions and cations on the extraction coefficient value of Zn/II/ has been studied. The stoichiometry of the metal to reagent determined by the method of substoichiometric extraction and slope-ratio method was found to be 12.     

A study on the solvent extraction of Hg/II/ with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole into chloroform

The extraction of mercury/II/ with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole /2-HMBT/ into chloroform has been studied. The effect of various parameters on the extraction coefficient value such as effect of pH, time of equilibration, effect of anions and cations have been evaluated. The stoichiometry of the extracted species obtained by the method of substoichiometric extraction and slope ratio method was found to be 1∶2. Decontamination factors for a number of elements in the substoichiometric extraction of Hg/II/ were also obtained.     

Solvent extraction of99mTc/VII/ with methylene blue into nitrobenzene

The extraction of^99mtechnetium/VII/ with methylene blue into organic solvent has been investigated. Nitrobenzene, which was found to be the most effective extractant for^99mTc/VII/, was used to separate^99mTc/VII/ from other elements. The effect of various parameters on the extraction coefficient value such as effect of pH, time of equilibration, effect of anions and cations on the E value have been evaluated. The stoichiometry of metal to reagent was determined by the slope ratio method and was found to be 11.     

A study on the solvent extraction of Ag/I/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole in chloroform

A rapid and selective method has been developed for the substoichiometric extraction of Ag/I/with 1,2,3-benzotriazole /1,2,3-BT/ in chloroform in the presence of versenate. The effect of various parameters such as pH, time of equilibration, solvent, anions, cations, etc., on the extraction coefficient value has been studied. The stoichiometry of the extracted species of 11 /Ag:1,2, 3-BT/ was obtained by the slope ratio method and substoichiometric extraction. Decontamination factors for most elements in the substoichiometric extraction of Ag/I/ were found to be higher than 10⁴.     

A new and rapid method for the solvent extraction of Ru/III/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole into 1-pentanol

A new and rapid method has been developed for the quantitative extraction of Ru/III/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole /1,2,3-BT/ into 1-pentanol. The extraction coefficient value of Ru/III/ between 1-pentanol and an aqueous 5% solution of 1,2,3-BT in 2M sodium acetate-acetic acid buffer showed a maximum value of E=46 at pH 4.5. The effect of various other parameters on the extraction coefficient of Ru/III/ such as solvents, anions, cations, etc. have also been studied. The stoichiometry of metal:reagent determined by the method of substoichiometric extraction and slope ratio method was found to be 13. Decontamination factors for many elements in the substoichiometric extraction of Ru/III/ were also evaluated.     

Solvent extraction of Fe/III/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole into n-heptanol

A new and rapid method has been developed for the quantitative extraction of Fe/III/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole /1,2,3-BT/ into n-heptanol. The extaction coefficient value of Fe/III/ between n-heptanol and an aqueous 1% solution of 1,2,3-BT was found to be better than 99% over the pH range of 7.3 to 8.0 for an equilibration time of 2.0 min. The effect of various other parameters on the extraction coefficient value of Fe/III/ such as solvents, anions and cations etc. has also been studied. The stoichiometry of the metal: reagent determined by the method of substoichiometric extraction and slope-ratio method was found to be 13. Separation factors for most of the elements studied were better than 10³.     

Solvent extraction of Co/III/ with 1, 2, 3-benzotriazole into n-butanol

A new and rapid method has been developed for the quantitative extraction of Co/III/ with 1, 2, 3-benzotriazole into n-butanol. The extraction coefficient value of Co/III/ between n-butanol and an aqueous 5% solution of 1, 2, 3-BT in 2M sodium acetate-acetic acid buffer showed a maximum value of E=280 at pH 8.5. The effect of various other parameters on the extraction coefficient of Co/III/ such as solvents, anions, cations etc. has also been studied. The stoichiometry of the metal: reagent determined by the method of substoichiometric extraction and slope-ratio method was found to be 12. The separation factors studied for most of the elements were found to be better than 10³.     

Extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of niobium in steels

A strongly coloured complex of niobium with PAR is formed in oxalate solutions and at pH 7.4 can be extracted into nitrobenzene as an ion-association complex with xylometazolonium ion (XMH), with a molar absorptivity of 46300 1 mol^–1 cm^–1 at 545 nm. In contrast to cationic extractants such as tetraphenylphosphonium or tetraphenylarsonium chloride, XMH is an effective extractant over a wide concentration range without any difficulties in either the separation of the phases or the absorbance of the reagent blank. Job's method of continuous variations revealed that the composition of the extracting species as 1 1 1 1 for niobium oxalate PAR XMH. Based on this extraction, a highly sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of niobium in various steels, after prior separation of iron, is described. 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) reacts with the niobium tartrate complex in nearly neutral medium to form a red, water-soluble 1 1 anionic complex [1]. PAR is an unselective reagent and one way of improving selectivity is by ternary and ion-association complex formation. The extraction of some highly coloured metal-PAR complexes with tetraphenylarsonium or tetraphenylphosphonium ion has been described [2, 3]. The PAR complex of niobium, which is formed in oxalate solutions has been shown to be extractable by chloroform using tetraphenylarsonium and phosphonium salts [4, 5]. However, in many of these extraction spectrophotometric procedures difficulties arise due to the delay in the separation of the two phases and significant absorbance of the reagent blank solution, particularly when concentrated solutions of reagents are used.The extraction of anionic complexes of Pd, V, and Cr with xylometazolonium (XMH) cation has been reported elsewhere [6–9]. In the present study we have tried to extract Nb(V) and it is observed that 1 1 oxalatoniobium-PAR complex can be extracted with XMH. A method is proposed for the determination of niobium in standard steels.     

Solvent extraction of Au/III/ with 1,2,3-benzotriazole into n-butanol

Aqueous 1,2,3-benzotriazole/1,2,3-BT/ has been used for the extraction of Au/III/ from acidic medium into n-butanol. The extraction of Au/III/ was found to be better than 98% over the pH range 2.0–7.0 and an equilibration time of 2.0 min. The effect of anions and cations on the extraction coefficient has been studied. The stoichiometry of metal: reagent determined by the slope ratio method was found to be 13. Separation factor for many elements in the extraction of Au/III/ has been evaluated.     

Solvent extraction of In/III/ with 1,2,3-bezotriazole into n-heptanol

Aqueous 1,2,3-benzotriazole has been used for the extraction of In/III/ in alkaline medium. The extraction of In/III/ was found to be better than 99% over the pH range 5.0–10.0 and an equilibration time of 2.0 min. The effect of anions and cations on the extraction coefficient has been studied. The stoichiometry of metal: reagent determined by the slope-ratio method was found to be 13. Separation factors for around 20 elements were better than 10³.     

A new method for the extraction of Hg(II) with thioethylacetoacetate into chloroform

A rapid method for the solvent extraction of Hg(II) into chloroform has been developed, employing thioethylacetoacetate (HETAcAc) as a extracting agent. The extraction of Hg(II) was better than 99% over the pH range 0.3 to 7.3. The extraction equilibrium was reached within 2 min. The effect of various parameters such as anions and cations, solvent effect, etc., on the extraction coefficient has been studied. The stoichiometry metal: reagent was determined by the method of substoichiometric extraction and was found to be 14.