Feynman propagator for an arbitrary half—integral spin

Based on the solution to Bargmann－Wigner equation for a particle with arbitrary half-integral spin, a direct derivation of the projection operator and propagator for a particle with arbitrary half-integral spin is worked out. The projection operator constructed by Behrends and Fronsdal is re-deduced and confirmed and simplified, the general commutation rules and Feynman propagator with additional non-covariant terms for a free particle with arbitrary half-integral spin are derived, and explicit expressions for the propagators for spins 3/2, 5/2 and 7/2 are provided.     

Projection Operator and Feynman Propagator for a Free MassiVe Particle of Arbitrary Spin

Based on the solution to the Bargmann-Wigner equations, a direct derivation of the projection operator and Feynman propagator for a free massive particle of arbitrary spin is worked out. The projection operator constructed by Behrends and Fronsdal is re-deduced and confirmed, and simplified in the case of half-integral spin, the general commutation rules and Feynman propagator with additional non-covariant terms for a free massive particle with any spin are derived, and explicit expressions for the propagators for spins 3/2, 2, 5/2, 3, 7/2, and 4 are provided.     

自旋为任意整数的传播子

以自旋为任意整数的自由粒子的波函数(Bargmann-Wigner方程的解)为基础，进一步研究了 自旋为任意整数的投影算符和传播子.证明了Behrends和Fronsdal所构造的投影算符是正确 的.导出了自旋为任意整数的场的一般对易规则和费恩曼传播子的一般表达式. 关键词： 整数自旋 投影算符 对易规则 费恩曼传播子     

Multiple-quantum operator algebra spaces and description for unitary time evolution of multilevel spin systems

A general operator algebra formalism is proposed for describing the unitary time evolution of multilevel spin systems. The time-evolutional propagator of a multilevel spin system is decomposed completely into a product of a series of elementary propagators. Then the unitary time evolution of the system can be determined exactly through the decomposed propagator. This decomposition may be simplified with the help of the properties of the finite dimensional Liouville operator space and of its three operator subspaces, and the operator algebra structure of spin Hamiltonian of the system. The Liouville operator space contains the even-order multiple-quantum, the zero-quantum, and the longitudinal magnetization and spin order operator subspace, and moreover, each former subspace contains its following subspaces. The propagator can be decomposed readily and completely for a spin system whose Hamiltonian is a member of the longitudinal magnetization and spin order operator subspace. If the Hamiltonian of a spin system is a zero-quantum operator this decomposition may be implemented by making a zero-quantum unitary transformation on the Hamiltonian to convert it into the diagonalized Hamiltonian, while if the Hamiltonian is an even-order multiple-quantum operator the decomposition may be carried out by diagonalizing the Hamiltonian with an even-order multiple-quantum unitary transformation. When the Hamiltonian is a member of the Liouville operator space but not any element of its three subspaces the decomposition may be achieved first by making an odd-order multiple-quantum and then an even-order multiple-quantum unitary transformation to convert it into the diagonalized Hamiltonian. Parameter equations to determine the unknown parameters in the decomposed propagator are derived for the general case and approaches to solve the equations are proposed.     

Ruelle resonances in kicked quantum spin chain

We study exponential decay of high temperature time correlation functions in a non-integrable quantum spin chain problem, namely Ising spin 1/2 chain kicked with tilted homogeneous magnetic field. For this purpose we define a master propagator over a suitable banach space of quantum observables (quantum many-body analogue of Perron–Frobenius operator) whose leading eigenvalue determines the asymptotic decay of correlations. This is demonstrated with explicit calculation for which a fast algorithm for the construction of the master propagator is developed.     

The Spin Interaction of a Dirac Particle in an Aharonov-Bohm Potential in First Order Scattering

For a Dirac particle in an Aharonov-Bohm (AB) potential, it is shown that the spin interaction (SI) operator which governs the transitions in the spin sector of the first order S-matrix is related to one of the generators of rotation in the spin space of the particle. This operator, which is given by the projection of the spin operator Σ along the direction of the total momentum of the system, and the two operators constructed from the projections of the Σ operator along the momentum transfer and the z-directions close the SU(2) algebra. It is suggested, then, that these two directions of the total momentum and the momentum transfer form some sort of natural intrinsic directions in terms of which the spin dynamics of the scattering process at first order can be formulated conveniently. A formulation and an interpretation of the conservation of helicity at first order using the spin projection operators along these directions is presented.     

自旋1/2铁磁模型的相互作用淬火

本文设想了一个相互作用淬火后在 时刻开启的海森堡反铁磁模型,并对其进行了解析分析.在低温近似下,通过求解海森堡方程给出该系统随时间演化的自旋算符的解析形式.主要推算并讨论了自旋传播子,通过对传播子的讨论发现这个新体系的自旋波谱发生了变化.文末对此现象进行了讨论.     

固体中半整数四极核的自旋扩散

首先介绍固态中自旋扩散的一般理论，包括半经典描述和建立在投影算子理论上的密度矩阵描述. 接着以丰核环境中相互偶合的自旋-1/2系统以及自旋-3/2系统为典型列举了自旋扩散速率的计算. 最近藉助多量子魔角旋转(MQMAS)方法实现半整数四极核的多量子谱自旋扩散实验，可以测量固体粉末中半整数四极核体系四极张量相对方向. 结合作者最近的计算机模拟和实验测量结果对这一新兴方向作了重点介绍，尤其指出了射频
脉冲强度、宽度及样品旋转速度对交叉峰线型的影响.     

Neutrino propagator in matter and its spin properties

The spectral representation for the neutrino propagator in moving matter with a constant density has been derived. It has been found that matter includes a four-dimensional axis of complete polarization and all poles of the propagator are classified in terms of the projection of the spin on this axis.     

Spin on a 4D Feynman Checkerboard

We discretize the Weyl equation for a massless, spin-1/2 particle on a time-diagonal, hypercubic spacetime lattice with null faces. The amplitude for a step of right-handed chirality is proportional to the spin projection operator in the step direction, while for left-handed it is the orthogonal projector. Iteration yields a path integral for the retarded propagator, with matrix path amplitude proportional to the product of projection operators. This assigns the amplitude i ^±T 3^?B/2 2^?N to a path with N steps, B bends, and T right-handed minus left-handed bends, where the sign corresponds to the chirality. Fermion doubling does not occur in this discrete scheme. A Dirac mass m introduces the amplitude i ?? m to flip chirality in any given time step ??, and a Majorana mass similarly introduces a charge conjugation amplitude.     

W-Boson mass operator in an external magnetic field at high temperatures

By the Schwinger proper-time method, the one-loop contribution to the W-boson mass operator is calculated in a constant magnetic field at high temperatures. The static limit is investigated. By averaging the mass operator over the physical states of a vector particle, the temperature-dependent radiative corrections to the W-boson energy spectrum are obtained at high magnetic fields (eH/M ²?1) for various values of the spin projection onto the field direction. These corrections are found to be positive. In particular, the correction to the ground-state level stabilizes the W-boson vacuum state at high temperatures.     

A neutral spinning particle in interaction with a magnetic field and Poschl–Teller potential

The problem of a neutral spinning particle in interaction with a linear increasing rotating magnetic field and a Poschl–Teller potential is considered via path integrals. The calculations are carried out explicitly using an external current source. The problem is then reduced to that of a spinning forced Poschl–Teller oscillator whose spin is coupled to external derivative current sources. The result of the propagator is given as a series. The relative propagator of this forced oscillator is converted to that of an angular momentum via an extension of the dimension. Next, the series is exactly summed by means of a Laplace transformation and the orthonormalization relation of the eigenfunctions of the angular momentum. Received: 29 June 2001 / Published online: 23 November 2001     

Classical spin and quantum propagation

We consider a classical Brownian motion model of diffusion in two spatial dimensions, where the Brownian particle moves on spiral paths. The classical spin does not change the propagator for the probability density for the position of the particle. However, the subdominant eigenvalues of the classical kernel are simply related to the dominant eigenvalues of the Feynman kernel for an analogous quantum system. The Feynman kernel can be extracted from the classical kernel by coupling to a spin angular momentum of the particle.     

Polarization of spin-1/2 particles in an axisymmetric magnetic field

The present paper shows that the nature of the polarization of charged spin-1/2 particles moving in a uniform magnetic field changes dramatically in a relatively weak transverse axisymmetric magnetic field. The direction along which the spin projection is quantized has a fixed orientation with respect to the axes of a cylindrical coordinate system and can form a substantial angle with the direction of the uniform magnetic field. The presence of spin quantization is proved both by the fact that the commutator of the Hamiltonian operator and the projection of the polarization operator in the direction of quantization is zero and by analyzing the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation for this given case. Finally, the possibilities of detecting this effect and utilizing it are discussed. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 114, 1153–1161 (October 1998)     

A spin observable for a Dirac particle

We discuss the form of the spin operator in relativistic quantum mechanics. We derive the form of the spin operator in the case when the states with negative energies are admitted. It appears that for a Dirac particle the spin operator reduces to the so called mean-spin operator introduced by Foldy and Wouthuysen. We show that the spin operator transforms under Lorentz group action according to an operator Wigner rotation, analogously as a Bloch vector describing polarization of a particle in momentum representation.     

关于多电子体系的投影算符的注记

按照群论方法对多电子体系的对称化投影算符进行了讨论，并用投影算符和升降算符推出多电子的自旋态。     

Tomographic characteristics of spin states

Spin states are studied in the tomographic-probability representation. The standard probability distribution of spin projection onto a direction in space is used instead of the spinor or the density matrix to identify the quantum state. The Shannon entropy and information are associated with the spin tomographic probability. A short review of the probability-theory notions is presented. Analysis of tomographic entropy and tomographic information for the Werner state is considered. The probability representation is used to describe a spin-3/2 particle and two qubits. The connection of tomographic entropy with the von Neumann entropy is discussed.     

波动方程深度偏移的局部裂步Fourier传播算子

针对裂步Fourier传播算子在速度强横向变化介质中的不足,将算子的框架展开方法应用于Fourier传播算子中的相移算子,提出了一种波场传播的局部裂步Fourier传播算子,并把它应用于波动方程叠前深度偏移成像.这个局部裂步Fourier传播算子是由相空间(空间-波数)-频率域的相移算子和空间-频率域的窗口时移算子两部分组成.与波数-频率域的空间全局性相移算子不同,相空间-频率域的相移算子具有很好的空间局部性.通过在国际标准的SEG-EAGE二维盐丘模型的波动方程叠前深度偏移成像数值试验,证明局部Fourier传播算子不仅具有很好的稳定性,而且还特别适用于速度强横向变化介质.     

Lie algebraic approach to the time-dependent quantum general harmonic oscillator and the bi-dimensional charged particle in time-dependent electromagnetic fields

We discuss the one-dimensional, time-dependent general quadratic Hamiltonian and the bi-dimensional charged particle in time-dependent electromagnetic fields through the Lie algebraic approach. Such method consists in finding a set of generators that form a closed Lie algebra in terms of which it is possible to express a quantum Hamiltonian and therefore the evolution operator. The evolution operator is then the starting point to obtain the propagator as well as the explicit form of the Heisenberg picture position and momentum operators. First, the set of generators forming a closed Lie algebra is identified for the general quadratic Hamiltonian. This algebra is later extended to study the Hamiltonian of a charged particle in electromagnetic fields exploiting the similarities between the terms of these two Hamiltonians. These results are applied to the solution of five different examples: the linear potential which is used to introduce the Lie algebraic method, a radio frequency ion trap, a Kanai–Caldirola-like forced harmonic oscillator, a charged particle in a time dependent magnetic field, and a charged particle in constant magnetic field and oscillating electric field. In particular we present exact analytical expressions that are fitting for the study of a rotating quadrupole field ion trap and magneto-transport in two-dimensional semiconductor heterostructures illuminated by microwave radiation. In these examples we show that this powerful method is suitable to treat quadratic Hamiltonians with time dependent coefficients quite efficiently yielding closed analytical expressions for the propagator and the Heisenberg picture position and momentum operators.