两种主体材料中Ir(ppy)_3和Rubrene的能量传递特性

OLED技术被认为是最有可能取代液晶显示的全新技术,而OLED中的有机电致磷光器件是近年来的研究热点.有机电致磷光器件的发光层往往采用主客体掺杂体系,主客体分子内的能量传递是磷光发光体分子被激发的主要途径,因此选择吸收能量和传递能量好的主体材料是改进有机电致磷光器件性能的主要途径之一.文章分别以PVK和CBP作为主体材料,以磷光材料Ir(PPY)3和荧光材料Rubrene作为掺杂剂,制备了不同配比的器件,研究了主体材料和掺杂剂之间的能量传递特性.结果发现,这两种主体材料分别通过Ir(ppy)3向Rubrene传递能量是主要的能量传递机制,而且CBP作为主体时能量传递比PVK更充分.另外掺入Ir(ppy)3后的器件比不掺Ir(ppy)3的器件在相同电压下的光功率明显增强.当我们增加Ir(PPY)3的浓度时,相同电压下的光功率下降,浓度猝灭效应增强.     

一种红光螯合电磷光聚合物光电性能的研究

研究了螯合电磷光聚合物PFBtpIrm的光致发光、电化学和电致发光特性,并通过优化器件结构提高聚合物的电致发光性能.发现在聚合物中加入PBD使发光效率降低;而加入PVK空穴传输层后,由于能量有效地转移到电磷光聚合物中,器件性能提高.基于器件ITO/PEDOT/PVK/ PFBtpIrm5/Ba/Al,在电流密度为10.0mA/cm²时,最大外量子效率为4.25%,饱和红光的色坐标为(0.69,0.29). 关键词： 电致磷光 聚合物发光二极管 电子传输材料 空穴传输材料     

基于7-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-N,N-diphenyl-9,9'-spirobi[fluoren]-2-amine主体材料的高效红色电致磷光器件

研究了基于新型骨架7-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-N,N-diphenyl-9,9'-spirobi[fluoren]-2-amine(CzFA)双极性主体材料的红色电致磷光器件的光电特性。研究结果表明:将红色磷光染料iridium(Ⅲ)bis[2-methyldibenzo-(f,h)quinoxaline](acetylacetonate)(Ir(MDQ)2(acac))掺杂到CzFA主体材料中,以其制备的电致发光器件具有优良的特性,最大电流效率为27.8 cd/A,最大功率效率为21.8 lm/W,最大功率效率几乎是先前报道的主体材料为CBP器件(13.7 lm/W)的1.6倍。这种咔唑-螺二芴-二胺基团所组成的双极性主体材料对于提升磷光器件的性能起到了重要的作用。     

白色有机电致发光器件中多组份电致激基复合物形成及抑制

从荧光-磷光复合结构的有机电致发光器件的研究入手,采用OXD-7作为蓝色荧光发光层,Ir(MDQ)2acac掺杂在母体材料作为红橙磷光发光层,设计制备了双波段白光有机电致发光器件。研究中发现,OXD-7,Alq3和NPB的三组分协同作用可以导致电致激基复合物的产生,以及由此导致的光谱红移,并使得器件发光效率降低。通过插入TDAF中间层可以有效地抑制激基复合物的产生,同时,通过控制载流子传输的平衡,以及磷光材料的掺杂浓度,可以获得器件发光亮度、效率的提升。     

纯有机电致室温磷光材料与器件研究进展

纯有机室温磷光（RTP）材料由于能够直接利用电致激发产生的75%的三线态激子,近年来在有机电致发光领域受到研究人员的广泛关注。然而,由于纯有机材料理论上的自旋禁阻特性,使得三线态激子的辐射速率慢、激子寿命长,从而难以与非辐射耗散竞争。因此,通过有效的分子设计策略实现增强的自旋-轨道耦合,从而促进快速的系间窜越和磷光辐射过程,进而实现高磷光量子效率并抑制长三线态激子寿命导致的各种非辐射失活,对于开发高效的纯有机电致RTP材料与器件至关重要。本文从RTP的分子结构设计出发对近年来的纯有机电致室温磷光材料和器件进行综述,总结了含有不同重原子的纯有机磷光材料的电致发光性能,指出目前研究中需要解决的关键问题,并对其在电致发光领域的应用前景进行了展望。     

基于7-（9H-carbazol-9-yl）-N,N-diphenyl-9, 9’-spirobi[fluoren]-2-amine主体材料的高效红色电致磷光器件

研究了基于新型骨架7-（9H-carbazol-9-yl）-N,N-diphenyl-9,9’-spirobi[fluoren]-2-amine（CzFA）双极性主体材料的红色电致磷光器件的光电特性。研究结果表明：将红色磷光染料iridium（Ⅲ）bis[2-methyldibenzo-（f,h）quinoxaline]（acetylacetonate）（Ir（MDQ）₂（acac））掺杂到CzFA主体材料中,以其制备的电致发光器件具有优良的特性,最大电流效率为27.8 cd/A,最大功率效率为21.8 lm/W,最大功率效率几乎是先前报道的主体材料为CBP器件（13.7 lm/W）的1.6倍。这种咔唑-螺二芴-二胺基团所组成的双极性主体材料对于提升磷光器件的性能起到了重要的作用。     

磷光材料fac-tris(2-phenylpyridinato-N，C2′)iridium(Ⅲ)对不同荧光材料的敏化作用及发光机制分析

在荧光材料中掺杂合适的磷光敏化剂,可以大大提高荧光有机电致发光器件(OLED)的效率。选择磷光材料知fac-tris(2-phenylpyridinato-N,C^2′)iridium(Ⅲ)(Ir(ppy)3)分别与荧光材料4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl(DCJTB)、5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene(Rubrene)掺杂作为发光层,当掺杂质量比合适时,磷光材料的发光消失,得到了纯正的荧光材料的发光。同时,对磷光材料的敏化作用及发光机制进行了分析,比较了Ir(ppy)3对两种不同荧光材料的敏化作用强弱,发现Ir(ppy)3对荧光材料Rubrene的敏化作用更强。对影响敏化作用的因素进行了分析,推测其原因与磷光材料和荧光材料的相容性质有关。     

磷光材料fac-tris(2-phenylpyridinato-N,C2')iridium(Ⅲ)对不同荧光材料的敏化作用及发光机制分析

在荧光材料中掺杂合适的磷光敏化剂,可以大大提高荧光有机电致发光器件(OLED)的效率.选择磷光材料fac-tris(2-phenylpyridinato-N,C2')iridium(Ⅲ)(Ir(ppy)3)分别与荧光材料4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl(DCJTB)、5,6,11,12,-tetraphenylnaphthacene(Rubrene)掺杂作为发光层,当掺杂质量比合适时,磷光材料的发光消失,得到了纯正的荧光材料的发光.同时,对磷光材料的敏化作用及发光机制进行了分析,比较了Ir(ppy)3对两种不同荧光材料的敏化作用强弱,发现Ir(ppy)3对荧光材料Rubrene的敏化作用更强.对影响敏化作用的因素进行了分析,推测其原因与磷光材料和荧光材料的相容性质有关.     

Ir(PPY)3掺杂PVK的电致发光机理

近几年来发展起来的电致磷光(electrophosphorescence)是有机发光二极管(OLED)研究的新生长点。对电致磷光发光机理的研究随即得到了人们普遍的关注。比较了不同正向偏压条件下Ir(PPY)₃掺杂聚乙烯基咔唑(PVK)的光致发光(PL)和电致发光(EL)光谱。研究结果显示在电场和注入电流的共同作用下,PL光谱中基质PVK发光的相对强度并没有发生显著的变化。电场或注入载流子不会影响PVK向Ir(PPY)₃的能量传递。磷光掺杂聚合物EL主要是由于载流子在掺杂磷光分子上的直接复合,而不是由基质向磷光掺杂分子的能量传递。     

一种基于三氟甲基取代的2-苯并[b]噻吩基吡啶配体的红色电致磷光材料及器件

研究了一种新型红色磷光材料及其在有机电致磷光器件(OLEDs)中应用.在经典红色磷光材料btp₂Ir(acac)的配体2-苯并噻吩吡啶的吡啶环的5位引入吸电子基团CF₃,将辅助配体换为2-吡啶甲酸,成功研制出了双(2-(2′-苯并[b]噻吩基)吡啶)吡啶甲酸合铱配合物[(btfmp)₂Ir(pic)].这种结构可以改变了原配合物的电子云分布,三氟甲基的引入将导致原分子的LUMO能下降,减小了HOMO与LUMO的能隙,引起发光峰位的红移,但2-吡啶甲酸又可引起发光蓝移,最终得到了最大峰位为637nm的饱和红光新的铱(Ⅲ)配合物,为通过简单配体修饰设计和制备新的有机磷光材料提供了一种简洁途径.     

An organic electrophosphorescent device driven by all-organic thin-film transistor using photoacryl as a gate insulator

Organic electrophosphorescent devices have been intensively investigated for using in full-color flat-panel display. Since the quantum efficiency of electrophosphorescent device decreases rapidly as the luminance increases, it is desirable to operate the electrophosphorescent display with active matrix rather than passive matrix. Here we report the study of driving electrophosphorescent diode with all-organic TFT. We obtained the maximum power luminance that was obtained about 90 cd/m². Turn-on voltage is approximately 10 V. Field effect mobility, threshold voltage, and on–off current ratio in 0.5-μm thick gate dielectric layer were 0.13 cm²/V s, −7 V, and 10⁶ A/A. The structure of electrophosphorescent diode is ITO/TPD/BCP:Ir(ppy)₃/BCP/Alq₃/Li:Al/Al. In organic TFT, photoacryl is used as an insulator and pentacene as an active layer.     

高效率有机蓝光和白光电致发光器件

以蓝光材料FIrpic同时掺杂空穴传输层TCTA和电子传输层TPBI,制备了具有双发光层的高效率蓝光器件(D-BOLED),D-BOLED最大发光效率达23.4 cd/A,比单发光层蓝光器件(S-BOLED)提高了约36.8%.这是因为双发光层结构能够更有效地利用扩散到激子复合界面两边载流子传输层的三线态激子.结合基于...     

Electrophosphorescent devices with solution processible emitter and hole transport layer stack

The light emitting behavior of the electrophosphorescent devices with solution-processible hole transport layer and light emitting layer was characterized. We have introduced the hole-transporting stacked layer composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene): poly(4-styrenesulfonate) [PEDOT:PSS] and thin perfluorinated ionomer, aiming for the improvement of charge injection and transport with corresponding high efficiency behavior. In order to provide a suitable work function, composition and thickness of the ultra-thin perfluorinated ionomer was optimized for being an interfacial layer condition; 34 cd/A of green phosphorescent device was obtained while the control device without ionomer shows the luminous efficiency of 29 cd/A. Both for devices with vacuum-deposited and solution-processed electrophosphorescent emitters, change of the device efficiencies were analyzed in terms of the work function, surface chemical composition, and charge conduction behavior.     

新型有机电致磷光白光器件的研究

制备了结构为ITO/NPB/TCTA/FIrpic∶TCTA/Ir(MDQ)2(acac)∶TmPyPB/FIrpic∶TmPyPB/TmPyPB/LiF/Al的有机电致磷光发光器件。通过在双蓝光发光层之间插入较薄的红光层Ir(MDQ)2(acac)∶TmPyPB调节载流子、激子在各发光层中的分布,并结合TCTA和TmPyPB对发光层内载流子和激子的有效阻挡作用,混合实现白光发射。研究了红光层在不同厚度、不同掺杂浓度下对器件发光性能的影响。结果表明,红光发光层厚度为2nm、质量浓度为5%时,结合蓝光发光层和红光发光层,实现了色坐标为(0.333,0.333)、最大发光效率为11.50cd/A的白光发射。     

Implementation of anti-reflection coating to enhance light out-coupling in organic light-emitting devices

We report significant enhancement of light out-coupling in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) by means of anti-reflection coating of magnesium fluoride (MgF₂) on the backside of glass substrate. OLEDs were fabricated by employing the green electrophosphorescent material fac tris-(2-phenylpyridine) iridium [Ir(ppy)₃] doped in 4,4′,8-N,N-8-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) and 0.4 wt% tetrafluorotetracyano-quinodimethane (F4-TCNQ)-doped naphthylphenylbiphenyl diamine (α-NPD) as hole transport layer (HTL). Single-layer MgF₂ with the thickness of λ/4 was then vacuum deposited on the backside of glass substrate of OLED. About two-fold enhancement in luminance with anti-reflection coating of MgF₂ has been observed.     

有机光电磁功能材料

有机光电磁功能材料是新一代材料。文章简要介绍了有机半导体、光导体、光致变色与电致变色材料、有机非线性光学材料、有机导体、超导体、导电高分子，以及有机铁磁材料和有机分子电子器件。     

New red electrophosphor based on Ir(III) complex of 2,3,4-triphenylquinoline

2,3,4-Triphenylquinoline (tpq) ligand and its Ir(III) complex Ir(tpq)₂(acac) were prepared and their photonic properties were investigated as red electrophosphorescent material. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of tpq and Ir(tpq)₂(acac) in dichloromethane showed a peak at 450 nm and 607 nm, respectively, at room temperature. The small Stokes shift between the ³MLCT absorption and emission bands shows that Ir(tpq)₂(acac) emits from a predominantly ³MLCT excited state. The theoretical calculation of the Ir(III) complex was performed by an ab initio method, and the result calculated by time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) showed that the Ir(III) complex underwent a strong ³MLCT transition because of the strong coupling between the 5d-orbital of Ir atom and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of tpq ligand. Thus, it is concluded that this complex is a good candidate for a highly efficient electrophosphorescent material.     

高效率高亮度红色有机电致磷光器件

在一种红色有机电致磷光器件中采用双(2-甲基-8-喹啉)4-联本氧基铝[bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato)4-phenylphenoJate aluminum,BAlq]为空穴和激子阻挡层,得到了效率、亮度和色度俱佳的发光器件。器件最高亮度为10362cd／m^2,最高外量子效率为7．0％,器件色坐标[Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage(C1E)coordinates]为(0．672,0．321)。另外在大电流密度100mA／cm^2下,量子效率仍有4．3％。该器件性能指标基本能够满足彩色动态显示中对红色发光的要求。     

Organic–inorganic polymer hybrids prepared by the sol-gel method

This review focuses on some aspects of organic-inorganic hybrid materials prepared by the sol-gel method. This field has been studied worldwide as one of the nanotechnologies, and is now of current interest for both organic and inorganic scientists. The elaboration of organic–inorganic polymer hybrid materials using the sol-gel process can be accomplished by various approaches. The simplest method is increasing the compatibility by using physical interactions, covalent bonding and compatibilizer between organic polymer and silica gel. Other novel approaches, such as an in-situ method, NHSG (Non- Hydrolysis Sol-Gel) process, and use of reactive polymer hybrids resulted in the preparation of novel transparent organic–inorganic polymer hybrid materials. Stimulus responsive polymer hybrids are also mentioned. Furthermore, nano-structured organic–inorganic polymer hybrids are created by using supermolecular and self-assembly of organic molecules or polymers recently. The obtained nano-structured hybrid materials showed unique properties that could not be found in amorphous hybrid materials. The possibilities and applications of organic–inorganic polymer hybrid materials are also described in this review.