The third-order optical nonlinearity of the stainless steel doped SrTiO_3 thin film grown by L-MBE

Stainless steel-doped SrTiO3 thin films were fabricated by laser molecular beam epitaxy (L-MBE). Nonlinear optical property of the thin film was measured by the single beam Z-scan technique at the wavelength of 532 nm. Two two-phonon absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index were determined to be 9.37 x 10-7 m/W and 1.55 x 10-6 esu, respectively. The merit figure T was calculated to be 1.8, satisfying condition T < 1 for an optical switch. The thin film has a very promising prospect for the applications in optical device.     

脉冲激光沉积法制备钛酸锶钡薄膜及其光电性质

用脉冲激光沉积技术制备了钛酸锶钡(Ba0.5Sr0.6TiO3薄膜.用X射线光电子能谱和原子力显微镜分别分析了薄膜的化学组分和表面形貌.在交流信号为50 mV和100 kHz时测量了薄膜的介电系数和介电损耗随外加电场的变化关系,得出最高的介电可调率达到45%.利用单光束纵向Z扫描的方法研究了薄膜的非线性光学性质,得到非线性折射率为5.04×10-6cm2/kW,非线性吸收系数为3.59×10-6m/W,测量所用光源的波长为532 nm,脉宽为55 ps,表明Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3薄膜有较快的非线性光学响应.     

Picosecond Z-scan study of bound electronic Kerr effect in LiNbO3 crystal associated with two-photon absorption

3 crystal have been measured using Z-scan technique with picosecond pulses at 532 nm. The nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index are determined to be 2.5×10^-10 cm/W and 5.3×10^-15 cm²/W, respectively. Both sign and magnitude of the measured refractive nonlinearity are considerably different from the reported Z-scan results in LiNbO₃ obtained with cw laser beam at 514 nm. The nonlinearities in LiNbO₃ induced by 532 nm picosecond pulses are believed to be mainly due to two-photon absorption and bound electronic Kerr effect associated with the two-photon absorption. Received: 4 July 1996     

ZnS衬底上GeC/GaP增透保护膜系的制备及红外光学性质

把GeC/GaP双层膜用作ZnS衬底的长波红外(8~11.5μm波段)增透保护膜系。采用射频磁控溅射法,以高纯Ar为工作气体、单晶GaP圆片为靶制备了GaP薄膜;用射频磁控反应溅射法在高纯Ar和CH4的混合气体中,以单晶Ge圆片为靶制备了GeC薄膜。分别用柯西(Cauchy)公式和乌尔巴赫(Urbach)公式表示折射率和吸收系数,对薄膜的红外透射率曲线进行最小二乘法拟合,得到了它们的厚度及折射率、吸收系数等光学常数。GaP膜的折射率与块体材料的相近,在波长10μm处约为2.9;GeC膜的折射率较小,在波长10μm处约为1.78。用所得到的薄膜折射率,通过计算机膜系自动设计软件在ZnS衬底上设计并制备出了GeC/GaP双层增透保护膜系,当GaP膜厚较大时,由于吸收增大膜系增透效果较差;当GaP膜厚较小时,膜系有较好的增透效果。     

不同激光脉冲宽度下甲苯的光学非线性特性的研究

在不同激光脉冲激发下,用Z 扫描法测量了甲苯的三阶光学非线性,发现其非线性折射率随着脉冲宽度增加而增大（从150 fs时的3.7×10－16 cm2/W到4 ns时的2.6×10－14 cm2/W）.在波长532 nm、光强4.73×1014 W/m2 和21 ps的脉冲作用下,甲苯溶液呈现反饱和吸收现象.结果表明,该吸收效应主要来自于导致该分子中苯环结构π－π电子跃迁的双光子吸收的贡献.     

“绿色”液体激光介质的非线性光学特性研究

 利用氧化钕和盐酸为原料制得Nd(phen)2Cl3(三氯二邻菲罗啉合钕),测得其光谱特性并以稀土氧化钕、苯甲酸和邻菲罗啉为原料制得绿色液体激光介质钕离子的配合物——NdB3phen（三苯甲酸—邻菲罗啉合钕）.利用飞秒激光器,采用单光束Z-扫描法研究了NdB3phen的三阶非线性光学特性.结果表明:当入射飞秒激光脉冲波长为400 nm,峰值功率密度为2.94×1014 W/m2,脉宽为117 fs时,测得样品NdB3phen的非线性折射率为－2.84×10－18 cm2/W|NdB3phen在开孔条件下呈现反饱和吸收现象,测出双光子吸收系数的值为9.11×10－12 m/W.实验结果表明,NdB3phen的双光子吸收系数和非线性折射率随着光强的增强而增大.     

Multilayer Au/TiO2Composite Films with Ultrafast Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

We report on the ultrafast third-order optical nonlinearity in multilayer Au/TiO2 composite films fabricated on quartz substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique. The linear optical properties of the films are determined and optical absorption peaks due to surface plasmon resonance of Au particles are observed at about 590hm. The third-order optical nonlinearities of the films are investigated by z-scan method using a femtosecond laser （50 fs） at the wavelength of 800 nm. The sample showed fast nonlinear optical responses with nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index being -3.66 × 10^-10 m/W and -2.95 × 10^-17 m^2/W, respectively. The results also show that the nonlinear optical effects increase with the increasing Au concentration in the composite films.     

基于铋可饱和吸收体的超快激光产生

采用磁控溅射沉积法在微纳光纤表面上镀一层纳米级厚度的铋薄膜,制备了一种微纳光纤-铋膜结构的可饱和吸收体.在1.5μm处的非线性光调制深度为14%.将其应用到掺铒光纤激光器中,在1.5μm波段获得稳定的超快脉冲激光产生,脉宽为357 fs,输出功率为45.4 mW,单脉冲能量为2.39 nJ,信噪比为84 dB.实验结果表明,利用磁控溅射法可制备出大调制深度的可饱和吸收体,为获得高能量超短脉冲激光输出提供新方案.     

Au-BaTiO3复合薄膜的脉冲激光沉积制备及其非线性光学效应

利用脉冲激光沉积技术制备了掺杂金纳米颗粒的钛酸钡复合薄膜Au-BaTiO3,用高分辨透射电镜和X射线光电子能谱对薄膜进行了表征。从透射电镜照片可以看出,制备的样品中金颗粒大小约为2~3 nm,呈球形,均匀分布在载体介质中。X射线光电子能谱给出了Ba3d、Ti2p和Au4f电子芯能级结合能,结果表明载体介质是以BaTiO3的形式存在,而Au以金属的状态掺杂其中。330~800 nm范围的线性吸收谱表明样品中Au颗粒的共振吸收峰在500 nm附近。用单光束纵向扫描方法测量了样品的三阶非线性光学效应,使用的光源为调Q的YAG激光器,波长为532 nm,脉宽为10 ns,得到的非线性折射率和非线性吸收系数分别为-2.42×10-6esu和2.22×10-6m/W,表明了Au-BaTiO3复合薄膜有较大的非线性光学响应。     

Large nonlinear optical response of polycrystalline Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 ferroelectric thin films on quartz substrates

We measure the nonlinear susceptibility of Bi(3.25)La(0.75)Ti(3)O(12) (BLT) thin films grown on quartz substrates using the Z-scan technique with picosecond laser pulses at a wavelength of 532 nm. The third-order nonlinear refractive index coefficient gamma and absorption coefficient beta of the BLT thin film are 3.1 x 10(-10) cm(2)/W and 3 x 10(-5) cm/W, respectively, which are much larger than those of most ferroelectric films. The results show that the BLT thin films on quartz substrates are good candidate materials for applications in nonlinear optical devices.     

Optical nonlinear characteristics of MgF_2 films containing Cu nanoparticles

An investigation is made on the optical nonlinear characteristics of MgF2 fihns containing Cu nanoparticles. When the Cu volume fraction is 0.1, at approximately εm ＋ 2εd = 0, the film exhibits a strong thirdorder optical nonlinear refractive coefficient of 1.0×10^-9 cm2/W, a nonlinear refractive index of about -4.0×10^-7 esu, a third-order optical nonlinear response of about 6.8×10^-8s esu, and a figure of merit of about 1.0×10^-11. The result shows that the film may have potential applications in optoelectronic technology.     

基于Mie散射理论的光子晶体安德森定域化研究

基于Mie散射理论和低浓度近似,对磷化镓光子晶体的安德森定域化进行了理论计算,并分析了影响定域化参量的各种因素。结果表明,在浓度为10%,折射率比值大于3.8,无吸收状态下,中红外区出现了安德森定域化现象,并且随粒子半径的增大,定域化区向长波段移动,且基质折射率的增大使定域化现象减弱。研究结果为该类晶体的定域化现象提供了理论参考。     

偶氮分散红聚合物薄膜的Z扫描研究

采用单光束Z扫描技术对新型光学存储材料偶氮分散红聚合物的薄膜样品进行了测量。实验结果表明 ,该样品的非线性折射率为负值。为消除非线性吸收的影响 ,将实验所得有孔Z扫描曲线除以开孔Z扫描曲线进行了处理。从Z扫描曲线的实验数据处理得到这种新型偶氮分散红聚合物薄膜材料的非线性折射率为 :- 5 .5× 10 -6cm2 /W ,其值比常见无机非线性光学材料大 8～ 9个数量级 ,是一种很有应用前景的新型光学存储材料。最后 ,对这种偶氮聚合物薄膜具有大的非线性折射率的物理机制进行了分析。初步认为 :在线偏振光照射下 ,偶氮分子变为各向异性。这些类似液晶相的分子很好地关联在一起 ,分子的取向对外界扰动的响应是一种集体的效果 ,所以他们具有很大的非线性响应。     

Giant nonlinear optical properties of bismuth thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition

Thin films of Bi were grown by pulsed laser deposition on glass substrates at room temperature. The thickness and roughness of the films were characterized by grazing-incidence x-ray reflectivity, and the complex refractive indices were measured in the range from 1.5 to 4 eV by spectroscopic ellipsometry. We performed Z-scan measurements to study the third-order optical nonlinearity of the films. It was found that the Bi films exhibited an unusually large nonlinear refractive coefficient, n(I)~1.24x10(-1) cm(2)/kW and nonlinear absorption coefficient, alpha(I)~-3.97 cm/W , at low laser intensity, ~60 kW/cm(2) . This anomaly is believed to have an origin related to melting of the Bi films at the focus spot by the laser beam.     

共轭有机高聚物PPQ薄膜的双光子吸收

在 532 nm波长处测量了共轭高聚物 PPQ薄膜的三阶光学非线性参数 ,发现其较强的非线性 (双光子 )吸收系数β≈ 0 . 59cm/ MW。其非线性折射率系数 n2 ≈ 9. 5× 10 -10 esu,认为这是双光子激发的纯电子响应。并对材料的品质因素进行了评估。     

Thermal-induced nonlinear optical characteristics of ethanol solution doped with silver nanoparticles

The investigation of nonlinear optical characteristics of ethanol solution doped with is presented. A large thermal-induced third-order nonlinear refractive index up to silver nanoparticles 1.941× 10^-7 cm2/W is obtained from the mixed solution under 488-nm continue wave （CW） laser irradiation, which may result from surface plasmon resonance （SPR） enhancement effect of silver nanoparticles as well as high thermo-optic coefficient and low thermal conductivity of ethanol. Obvious spatial self-phase modulation and influence of thermal-induced negative lens effect are observed when a beam propagates through this solution, indicating promising applications such as optical limiting, beam flattening, and so on.     

飞秒激光激发下本征GaP非线性吸收及Kerr效应的实验研究

采用掺镱光子晶体光纤飞秒激光放大器为抽运源,搭建了偏振分辨的Z-scan实验系统.实验研究了块状本征磷化镓(GaP)晶体的非线性吸收和非线性折射率系数.研究证明,在中心波长1 μm飞秒激光的作用下,本征GaP晶体的非线性吸收主要为三光子吸收.而且还表明本征GaP的非线性吸收和非线性折射率系数具有很强的各项异性、偏振相关性及饱和特性. 关键词： 磷化镓 Z-scan Kerr效应 三光子吸收     

Nonlinear optical responses of Sudan IV doped liquid crystal by z-scan and moiré deflectometry techniques

The nonlinear optical properties of a nematic liquid crystal doped with an azo dye were investigated. The magnitude and the sign of the third-order nonlinear refractive index, n₂, were measured using both single-beam z-scan and moiré deflectometry techniques. The measurements were performed at 532 nm using a Nd:Yag CW laser. The positive sign showed that sample which was studied possess a self-focusing optical nonlinearity. Rather close agreement was found between the values for n₂ obtained by z-scan and by moiré deflectometry. The nonlinear refractive index was found to be in the order of 10^− 6 (cm²/W) and the nonlinear absorption coefficient to be β = 0.171 (cm/W).     

Third-order nonlinearity of nickel oxide nanoparticles in toluene

We report measurements of the nonlinear refractive index, n(2), of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in toluene at 532 nm. The measurements were performed using the Z-scan technique with 80 ps laser pulses at 7 Hz. Large values of n(2) in the range of 10(-13)-10(-12) cm(2)/W were measured, and negligible two-photon absorption coefficient was estimated for colloids having NP filling fractions in the range of 10(-8)-10(-7).     

Nonlinear optical absorption in Bi3TiNbO9 thin films using Z-scan?technique

Bi₃TiNbO₉ (BTN) thin films with layered perovskite structure were fabricated on fused silica by pulsed laser deposition. The XRD pattern revealed that the films are single-phase perovskite and highly (00l) textured. Their fundamental optical constants, such as band gap, linear refractive index, and linear absorption coefficient, were obtained by optical transmittance measurements. The dispersion relation of the refractive index vs. wavelength follows the single electronic oscillator model. The nonlinear optical absorption of the films was investigated by single beam Z-scan method at a wavelength of 800 nm with laser duration of 80 fs. We obtained the nonlinear absorption coefficient β=1.44×10⁻⁷ m/W. The results show that the BTN thin films are promising for applications in absorbing-type optical devices.