用变形全息透镜实现变形分数傅里叶变换

利用一发散点光源和一束倾斜平行光制作出在两个垂直方向上具有不同焦距的变形全息透镜,且用此全息元件实现了变形分数傅里叶变换。变形全息透镜两个方向上的焦距随全息记录条件和再现条件而变化,分析了用这种全息透镜实现变形分数傅里叶变换的条件。实验表明,用该元件能够方便地实现任意级次的变形分数傅里叶变换。     

多重结构的体全息存储傅里叶变换光学系统设计

分析了体全息存储傅里叶变换光学系统的设计要求和光学参量的确定。采用多重结构方法对傅里叶变换镜头的正向和逆向光路同时进行了优化,可实现对两对物像共扼位置控制像差。给出了前后组焦距分别为44mm和40mm的达到衍射受限要求的4片型球面全息存储光学系统的设计结果。     

长焦距傅里叶变换透镜的小型化

随着光学信息处理的不断发展,傅里叶变换透镜的应用也日趋广泛。本文阐述了傅里叶变换透镜的性质及作用,主要研究了长焦距傅里叶透镜光学设计的特点,以及目前国内外在设计该类型透镜时常采用的结构形式:四组元对称或非对称双远距结构。为了能进一步缩短傅里叶变换透镜前后两焦点间的距离,使之小型化,本文尝试了一种新的结构形式,比起四组元双远距结构,在结构也较为简单的前提下,它不仅进一步缩短了两焦点间的距离,而且输入面、频谱面的象质均良好。     

分数傅里叶变换光学实现的基本单元

提出一些实现分数傅里叶变换的新型的基本光学单元。这些基本单元仅使用一个透镜和一个菲涅耳衍射，给光学设计增加一些新的可选基本类型，对于给定焦距的透镜，它能完成的分数傅里叶变换是Ｌｏｈｍａｎｎ给出的单透镜结构无法实现。     

用全息透镜组成傅里叶变换系统

本文将全息透镜作为一般的傅里叶变换元件,组成傅里叶交换系统,进行了相关运算以及模糊图象处理等实验.结果表明,对全息透镜傅里叶变换系统进行某些光学信息处理工作是可行的.     

用多焦点全息透镜实现多重谱分数傅里叶变换

提出用多焦点全息透镜实现多重谱分数傅里叶变换.利用全息方法通过一次曝光制作出多焦点的全息透镜,分析了用此全息元件实现这种变换的条件,并在实验上实现了多重谱分数傅里叶变换. 实验结果表明这种变换方法简便可行,可广泛应用于多通道光学信息处理系统及多目标图像识别系统中.     

光学一般变换的傅里叶变换实验方法

本文利用傅里叶光学系统简化了光学一般变换全息透镜的设计,以一维八序Walsh-Hadamard变换为例,用计算机设计和产生了变换所需的透镜,并进行引了光学实验,得到了预定变换结果。     

用全息透镜记录多重分数傅里叶变换全息图

提出一种全息透镜记录多重分数傅里叶变换全息图的新方法，它能在三维空间不同位置和不同方向上分别再现所记录的多个物体的图象，分析了利用全息透镜记录多重分数傅里叶变换全息图的原理及特点，制作了多重分数傅里叶变换全息图，并获得了满意的再现结果。     

数字全息成像系统的景深和焦深分析

根据全息理论,分析了数字全息成像系统的景深和焦深.针对数字全息不同的记录光路结构,分别给出了焦深的近似表达式.结果表明：数字全息系统的景深和焦深不仅与记录波长以及记录时的数值孔径有关,还与记录时参考光波的偏置情况有关;在记录距离和CCD参量一定的条件下,离轴无透镜傅里叶变换全息对称偏置下的焦深比非对称偏置下的稍小;显微成像情况下离轴无透镜傅里叶变换全息系统的焦深大于同轴菲涅耳数字全息系统的焦深,计算机模拟表明了结果的正确性.     

无透镜傅里叶变换型全息瞄准具研究

基于无透镜傅里叶变换全息术制作了一种新型激光全息瞄准具。瞄准具的核心部件是由一块无透镜傅里叶变换位相全息图和一块全息光束变换器组成的全息光学元件。其突出优点是大视场,大出瞳距离,适合双眼瞄准。此外,瞄准线为明亮的虚像,不会暴露目标,结构简单,对射击近距离运动目标效果突出。介绍了全息瞄准具组件的原理和制作方法,并对其性能进行了分析。     

改进傅里叶变换轮廓术的测量算法研究

提出一种适用于更普遍情况的计算方法.推导了投影装置与成像装置双瞳不等高且双轴不共面时的条纹获取公式.推导出新的相位获取公式以及相位高度映射公式.使得系统可以在双瞳连线不平行参考面,且双光轴也不共面时进行正确的三维测量.与传统的傅里叶变换轮廓术(FTP)相比,该算法实验系统的搭建更容易,投影装置和成像装置的摆放位置町以随意移动以方便全场条纹的获取;与改进的傅里叶变换轮廓术(IFTP)相比,只需要对系统测量三个长度量,系统参量的获取更容易和准确,从而误差变小,测量结果更加接近真实.     

应用CCD的投影物镜调制传递函数测量系统

调制传递函数是评价光学成像系统成像质量的重要方法,因而测量光学系统的调制传递函数在各种成像光学系统生产实践中具有相当重要的作用。但是长期以来,投影显示设备的生产中缺少能够定量的检测投影物镜性能的标准化方法。根据线性系统和傅里叶变换的理论,结合液晶投影机投影物镜生产、检测的实际需要,提出了应用CCD图像采集系统的投影物镜调制传递函数测量方法,为生产实践提供了可行的定量判断投影物镜性能的手段。给出了实际物镜的检测结果,并与物镜的设计参量进行了比较,同时对影响系统测量精度的一些因素进行了分析。     

头盔式单目微光夜视仪中光学系统的设计

为提高头盔式单目微光夜视仪中光学系统的成像质量，并满足夜视仪结构紧凑、质量小的指标要求，提出在微光夜视仪光学系统设计中引入高次项非球面透镜的设计方法。针对具体的头盔式微光夜视仪，根据微光物镜、目镜系统技术参数计算理论，确定该微光夜视仪光学系统的技术参数，应用光学设计软件ZEMX上机调试，并在光学系统设计中引入高次非球面透镜，使物镜系统镜片数由原来的9片减少为6片，目镜系统由原来的9片减少为7片，简化了结构，并提高了成像质量。设计结果表明：在头盔式微光夜视系统中采用非球面透镜可以提高系统成像质量，简化系统结构。     

Design and fabrication of fluid controlled dynamic optical lens system

A novel small fluid controlled optical lens system that is capable of displaying dynamic variation of its focal length and field-of-view (FOV) is designed and fabricated. In this active lens system, appropriate volume of the optical fluid can be pumped into or out of the lens chamber to provide double-convex (DCX) or double-concave (DCV) lens effect. Simple optical imaging experiments were performed using different sets of glass lenses with fixed focal lengths to determine the optimum lens configuration required for designing a dynamic optical lens system. The experimental results obtained from the glass lenses demonstrate that a combination of a single DCX lens with three DCV lenses provides a wider FOV. The flexible membranes for fluid controlled lenses were fabricated using polydimethylsiloxane polymer material, which has good optical transparency and elasticity. A simple fluid injection system is used to vary the radius of curvature of the lenses, and thereby to change the focal length. A dynamic optical lens system with a combination of one DCX and multiple variable focal length DCV lenses as designed here can image an object with a wide range of focal length and FOV. With this fluid controlled optical system, the FOV and focal length could be continuously varied and a maximum FOV of 118.3° could be achieved. The smallest f-number (f_/#) for this fluid controlled single lens system was found to be 1.3, which corresponds to the numerical aperture value of 0.35.     

An optical image cryptosystem based on Hartley transform in the Fresnel transform domain

A novel method for image encryption and decryption based on Hartley transform in the Fresnel transform domain is presented. Different from the conventional method which requires lens to perform the Fourier transform for achieving Hartley transform, the proposed new optical architecture of Hartley transform is based on the Fresnel diffraction which requires no Fourier transform lenses. The position coordinate as well as the wavelength in the Fresnel transform is used as encoding keys that can ensure the sufficient information security. The main advantages of this proposed image security system are that it uses fewer optical devices and the decryption scheme is straightforward and more secure than the previous works.     

Design of a hybrid diffractive/refractive achromatized telecentric f·θ lens

The design of a hybrid diffractive/refractive achromatized telecentric f·θ lens with a field of view (FOV) 50° and an effective focal length of 750 mm is presented. The optical stop is placed at the front focal plane so that it is a telecentric system. The design is based on a traditional refractive counterpart, and the designed system consists of a hybrid diffractive/refractive lens and four refractive lenses. The designed f·θ lens shows a considerable reduction in weight with a simplified structure, and exhibits superior performance compared to the refractive system. It is emphasized that the designed f·θ lens can be applied to modern color scanning systems that operate in the visible wavelength range with high performance. It can also be applied to high-energy scanning systems. When applying the designed hybrid diffractive/refractive f·θ lens to the high-energy scanning system, a big laser operating in one longitudinal mode can be replaced by a small multi-mode laser, and the scanning system can be simplified greatly with the accuracy improved.     

Aerosol lenses propagation model

We propose a model based on the properties of cascading lenses modulation transfer function (MTF) to reproduce the irradiance of a screen illuminated through a dense aerosol cloud. In this model, the aerosol cloud is broken into multiple thin layers considered as individual lenses. The screen irradiance generated by these individual layers is equivalent to the point-spread function (PSF) of each aerosol lens. Taking the Fourier transform of the PSF as a MTF, we cascade the lenses MTF to find the cloud MTF. The screen irradiance is found with the Fourier transform of this MTF. We show the derivation of the model and we compare the results with the Undique Monte Carlo simulator for four aerosols at three optical depths. The model is in agreement with the Monte Carlo for all the cases tested.     

多色光大空间带宽积傅立叶变换透镜系统的设计

本文根据傅立叶变换透镜系统的像差要求，通过研究衍射器件的色差特性和初级像差特点，提出了多色光大空间带宽积的傅立叶变换透镜的系统结构。此系统采用无光焦度的衍射器件校正傅立叶变换主镜的球差，使系统得到最大空间带宽积；还采用谐衍射器件的设计方法，使系统可对多种相干光实现光学傅立叶变换。相对传统傅立叶变换系统而言，此衍射系统结构简单，性能好，可望在光学信息处理方面得到广泛的应用。     

Temporal filtering using time lenses for optical transmission systems

An optical signal processing scheme using time lenses in a 4-f configuration for optical communication systems is proposed. The first time-lens combined with a dispersive element such as an optical fiber produces the Fourier transform of the input signal and the second time lens combined with an optical fiber placed after the temporal filter produces the inverse Fourier transformation. Typically, in an optical signal processing scheme based on space/time-lens, the signal at the output is space/time-reversed because of the direct Fourier transformation after the spatial/temporal filter, which is undesirable for a practical optical communication system. Here, we propose a technique to implement both direct and inverse Fourier transformation using time lenses which has no spatial analogue. As a result, the bit sequence at the output is not time-reversed. Two applications of the proposed scheme, a demultiplexer for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems and a higher-order dispersion compensator, have been discussed and numerically implemented.