Push-pull laser-atomic oscillator

A vapor of alkali-metal atoms in the external cavity of a semiconductor laser, pumped with a time-independent injection current, can cause the laser to self-modulate at the "field-independent 0-0 frequency" of the atoms. Push-pull optical pumping by the modulated light drives most of the atoms into a coherent superposition of the two atomic sublevels with an azimuthal quantum number m=0. The atoms modulate the optical loss of the cavity at the sharply defined 0-0 hyperfine frequency. As in a maser, the system is not driven by an external source of microwaves, but a very stable microwave signal can be recovered from the modulated light or from the modulated voltage drop across the laser diode. Potential applications for this new phenomenon include atomic clocks, the production of long-lived coherent atomic states, and the generation of coherent optical combs.     

Multi-functional fibre-optic microwave links

The multi-functionality of microwave links based on remote heterodyne detection of signals from a dual-frequency laser transmitter is discussed and experimentally demonstrated in this paper. Typically, direct detection in conjunction with optical intensity modulation is used to implement fibre-optic microwave links. The resulting links are inherently transparent and mainly used for signal transmission. As opposed to direct detection links, remote heterodyne detection links can directly perform functionalities such as modulation, frequency conversion, and transparent signal recovery in addition to signal transmission. All three functionalities are presented and experimentally demonstrated with a remote heterodyne detection link based on a dual-frequency laser transmitter with two offset phase locked semiconductor lasers. In the modulating link a 1Gbit/s baseband signal is QPSK modulated onto a 9GHz RF carrier. The frequency converting link demonstrates up-conversion of a 100Mbit/s PSK signal from a 2GHz carrier to a 9GHz carrier with penalty-free transmission over 25km of optical fibre. Finally, the transparent signal recovering link transmits a standard FM video 7.6GHz radio-link signal over 25km of optical fibre without measurable distortion.     

基于综合光学调制技术的光纤无线双向通信系统设计

提出并研究了一种使用单光源的光纤无线双向传输系统.该系统只需在中心站配置一个可调谐激光器,以产生频率恒定的激光光源,通过综合光学调制（频率调制、强度调制）技术将基带信号调制到光载波上,最终形成60 GHz毫米波下行信号|同时,相同的光载波在基站被重用,作为上行链路传输光源.系统结合光载波重用技术和综合调制技术特点,合理利用资源,基站结构更为简化.仿真结果表明,该系统可以将速率达2.5 Gbit/s的数据在单模光纤中双向传输20 km,功率代价小于0.5 dB,相对已有的技术方案,该传输系统在传输功率、传输距离、传输性能方面具有明显优势.     

基于DFB腔注入锁定效应的可调谐光电振荡器

提出一种基于分布反馈光注入锁定效应的可调谐光电振荡器,其环路主要由马赫曾德尔调制器、光电探测器、环形器、分布反馈激光器和射频放大器顺接而成,分布反馈激光器是系统关键器件,通过分布反馈激光器光注入锁定效应,分布反馈腔在光域实现了微波光子滤波器功能,无需传统光电振荡器必须的射频带通滤波器.同时,由于分布反馈激光器注入锁定提高了环路Q值,因此系统可采用短环路结构,从而降低了光纤因温度敏感对微波信号稳定性的影响并减小了整个系统的尺寸.另外,通过调节注入光波长和功率可改变该微波光子滤波器的中心频率,从而可实现系统的可调谐性.理论分析了该光电振荡器的原理和微波光子滤波器的调谐性,在此基础上开展了实验验证.结果表明该光电振荡器能够产生18.7～21.6 GHz的可调微波信号,在1 kHz频偏处的相位噪声为-90 dBc/Hz.     

Photonic instantaneous microwave frequency measurement based on two different phase modulation to intensity modulation conversions

A novel photonic technique for instantaneous frequency measurement of microwave signal based on phase modulation to intensity modulation conversion is proposed and demonstrated. In the proposed system, an optical carrier is modulated by a microwave signal with its frequency to be measured through a phase modulator. The phase-modulated optical signal is then converted to intensity-modulated signals in two independent paths using a dispersive media and a frequency discriminator respectively. Since the dependence of the received microwave power on the input microwave frequency in the two paths differs, the microwave power ratio between the two paths can be used to uniquely determine the microwave frequency. The major advantages of the approach lie in that only one laser source and the bias-free phase modulator is employed in the system, which improves the stability of the system. Experimental demonstrations of the frequency measurement based on the proposed approach are presented.     

Demonstration of microwave frequency shifting by use of a highly chirped mode-locked fiber laser

We report an experimental demonstration of a photonic microwave shifter using a highly chirped mode-locked fiber laser. The system is based on dispersive compression or expansion of highly chirped optical pulses that are amplitude modulated by the microwave signal. Using this technique, we demonstrated frequency shifting of a microwave signal from 10 GHz down to 5 GHz and up to 25 GHz.     

Microwave Frequency Quadrupling Based on Distributed Feedback Laser and a Single Intensity Modulator

In this article, we have proposed and experimentally demonstrated a directly modulated distributed feedback laser (DFB-LD) to generate microwave and millimeter-wave signals. The proposed scheme uses DFB-LD and intensity modulator (IM) biased at null point. A radio frequency (RF) signal from a signal generator is split into two branches and one branch directly modulates the DFB-LD, while the other branch drives the IM. Two second-order sidebands separated by four times the frequency of the input RF signal are generated. Experimental results indicated that we can generate a four-fold microwave signal with a good optical signal to noise ratio.     

Investigation of broadcasting signal overlay using high-frequency filtering characteristics of RSOA in ASE seeded WDM access network

The simultaneous baseband and broadcasting signal transmission based on wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network access network are proposed and their experimental verifications are shown. Amplified spontaneous emitting source modulated by broadcasting signal in radio frequency band at reflective semiconductor optical amplifier is provided as seed source for wired signal modulation. The filtered amplified spontaneous emitting source is aligned to each channel and modulated by the downlink baseband signal at RSOA. Simultaneous downstream transmission of baseband and broadcasting signals over 23-km SMF is experimentally verified. Mutual interference between broadcasting and baseband signals, nonlinearity by two tone analysis, and performance variation on temperature are investigated.     

基于光电负反馈的光注入1550nm垂直腔面发射激光器产生窄线宽微波信号

基于1 550nm垂直腔面发射激光器在平行偏振光注入下呈现的单周期非线性动力学状态,进一步引入光电负反馈,得到了高质量的微波信号.实验研究结果表明:平行偏振光注入下,通过调节注入光的注入强度及频率,1 550nm垂直腔面发射激光器可呈现注入锁定、单周期、倍周期、混沌等多种非线性动力学状态;在合适的注入参量下,平行偏振光注入1 550nm垂直腔面发射激光器可产生光谱具有单边带结构、频率超过10GHz的光子微波信号,但该微波信号的线宽较宽(达MHz量级);进一步引入光电负反馈后,通过选取合适的光电反馈强度,可将该微波信号的线宽减小至一百多kHz(减小两个量级以上);在选择优化的反馈强度条件下,仅通过简单调节注入光强度,可实现窄线宽光子微波信号的频率在一定范围内连续可调谐.     

外部光注入混沌激光器产生超宽带微波信号的研究

利用外部光注入混沌激光器产生了完全符合美国联邦通信委员会关于室内无线通信频谱限定的超宽带(UWB)微波信号.基于外部光注入光反馈半导体激光器的速率方程组,理论研究了外部及内部参量对半导体激光器输出混沌UWB脉冲信号的影响.研究表明,UWB信号的-10 dB带宽随着光注入强度、注入失谐量以及线宽增强因子的增大而增大,随着激光器偏置电流的增大而减小.同时,UWB信号的中心频率在5–8 GHz范围内变化.在实验中,通过设定其他参量和调节光注入强度,得到中心频率及带宽可调谐的混沌UWB微波信号,传输速率达到500 Mbit/s.实验结果与理论分析相符合. 关键词： 半导体激光器 混沌激光 光生微波技术 超宽带信号     

Photonic approach to the measurement of time-difference-of-arrival and angle-of-arrival of a microwave signal

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic approach to the measurement of the time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) and the angle-of-arrival (AOA) of a microwave signal. In the proposed system, the TDOA and the AOA are equivalently converted into a phase shift between two replicas of a microwave signal received at two cascaded modulators. The light wave from a CW laser is externally modulated by the microwave signal at the first modulator, which is biased to suppress the optical carrier, leading to the generation of two first-order sidebands, which are further modulated by the phase-delayed microwave signal at the second modulator. Two optical components at the carrier wavelength are generated. The total power at the carrier wavelength is a function of the phase shift due to the coherent interference between the two components. Thus, by measuring the optical power, the phase shift is estimated. The AOA is calculated from the measured phase shifts. In our experiment, the phase shift of a microwave signal at 18 GHz from -160° to 40° is measured with measurement errors of less than ±2.5°.     

外调制光纤CATV中SBS与MPI的激光器高频微扰抑制理论分析

受激布里渊散射(SBS)与多径干涉噪音(MPI)是光纤AM-CATV外调制传输系统中主要的非线性现象,本文分析了激光器高频扰动抑制SBS与MPI的原理,导出了扰动对系统SBS阈值提高量及MPI抑制程度的理论公式,通过对扰动引起的激光器频率啁啾及附加强度调制而导致的色散的理论分析与计算,得到了扰动信号频率及幅度的选取原则。     

基于微波频差转换的光学拍频研究

光学拍频是大学物理和光学实验教学中的重要内容.由于激光器存在中心波长漂移问题,实验中不易产生可观测的拍频信号.受到微波光子技术中微波波段和光波波段相互作用机理的启发,提出了基于微波频差转换的光学拍频方法.借助强度调制和相位调制将两个频差较小的微波信号调制到同一光载波上,结合光学滤波器获得了两个频差极小的稳定光信号,利用...     

基于次谐波调制光注入半导体激光器获取窄线宽微波信号的实验研究

实验研究了处于单周期振荡的光注入半导体激光器在频率等于单周期振荡频率一半的1/2次谐波调制下所产生的微波信号的特性.实验结果显示:在合适的注入条件下,处于单周期(P1)振荡的光注入半导体激光器可输出频率可达26.5 GHz、光谱具有单边带结构的光生微波信号,但微波信号的线宽比较宽(MHz量级);通过采用频率为单周期振荡频率一半的次谐波信号调制光注入半导体激光器,可将微波线宽从十几MHz压缩到几十k Hz.进一步分析了次谐波调制信号的功率以及频率对微波信号的相位噪声的影响,并在由次谐波调制信号的功率和频率构成的参数空间绘制出了能实现次谐波频率锁定的分布区域.     

超稳光生微波源研究进展

随着科技的进步以及精密测量应用技术的不断提高,超稳微波源的稳定度和噪声水平等技术要求不断提高,应用范围愈加广泛,包括高性能频标研究、网络雷达研制、深空导航系统等方面.基于超稳激光和飞秒光梳的超稳光生微波源是目前频率稳定度最高的微波频率源,相对频率稳定度可达10~(16)@1 s量级.该装置也是未来频率标准(光频标)推广应用的基础,无论是时间的产生还是绝大多数的精密测量,都需要将光频标的输出激光变换为超稳的基带频率信号后才能够实现.本文介绍了超稳光生微波源技术的发展、现状和应用需求.以国家授时中心研制的国内首套超稳微波频率源技术为主线,介绍了超稳光生微波源的原理和结构以及各组成部分的技术发展情况:超稳激光方面,着重介绍超稳光学腔研究和研制的进展以及Pound-Drever-Hall锁频技术、剩余幅度调制等噪声抑制技术;飞秒光梳方面,着重介绍目前最常用的掺铒光纤光梳系统的激光锁模、频率控制等技术发展;低噪声光电探测方面,着重介绍宽带光电探测噪声抑制技术和激光幅度噪声引起微波相位噪声的抑制技术.最后对光生超稳微波技术进行了总结和展望.     

Generation of Transform-Limited Pulse Train in New Scheme of Harmonically Mode-Locked Er-Doped Fiber Ring Lasers

A new scheme of an amplitude modulated harmonically mode-locked Er-doped fiber ring laser is proposed, and the lasing characteristics are experimentally investigated. The transform-limited sech² pulses at the repetition frequency of 1.64 GHz are stably generated. The pulse width and spectral bandwidth are independent of both the amplitude modulated (AM) modulation signal frequency and the AM modulation depth.     

Microwave photonic filter’s application on the microwave signal generation based on an active mode-locked fiber laser

A novel scheme which utilizes the microwave photonic filter technique for the optical generation of a microwave signal based on an active mode-locked fiber laser is proposed. A microwave signal generator using a microwave photonic filter based on a 2: 1 optical coupler with a fiber loop which can effectively suppress a low-order frequency component of the microwave signal is demonstrated and a ～10-GHz microwave signal is achieved based on an active mode-locked fiber laser with the original pulse repetition rate of ～5 GHz.     

Single tone and multi tone microwave over fiber communication system using direct detection method

In this paper, an analog microwave over fiber link for long haul distance based upon Rate Equation Laser is demonstrated. This system uses the advantage of high potential bandwidth of fiber in transmission of microwave signal. The interface of the two systems needs an up-conversion of microwave band into baseband (at which fiber operates). An Intensity Modulation Direct Detection (IMDD) technique is used to achieve this purpose. The Rate Equation laser is operated in a dynamic state, where its intensity oscillates at a microwave frequency that varies with the input signal fed by wave generator. This system can also use for two modulating tones. The frequency of the first tone is varied from 1 to 20 GHz and second is set at 5 GHz. A data signal of 10 Gbps is transmitted over long haul single mode fiber by single tone system. A very good bit error rate (BER) 10^?40 performances for 100 km and 25 km fiber link is achieved for both single tone and two tones respectively in proposed microwave over fiber communication system.     

基于双音外差的电光相位调制器半波电压自校准测量方法

电光相位调制器是光纤通信系统、微波光子系统和相干光通信系统中的关键器件之一. 作为器件本征参数, 电光相位调制器的半波电压通常利用光谱方法和电谱方法进行测量. 光谱方法受到光源线宽和光谱仪分辨率限制, 测量的分辨率较低; 电谱方法则需要光电检测之前将相位调制转换成强度调制, 电谱方法的主要困难在于需要对探测器的不平坦响应进行额外校准. 提出了利用双音外差实现电光相位调制器半波电压自校准测量新方法, 该方法利用双音电光相位调制的边带与移频光载波的外差拍频, 对外差拍频信号进行频谱分析, 获得电光相位调制器的半波电压; 通过设定双音调制信号的频率关系, 克服了探测器光电转换中的不平坦频率响应, 实现了自校准测量. 该方法可扩展探测器和频谱仪的测试频率两倍以上, 节省至少一半的带宽需求. 与光谱测量方法相比, 该方法测试分辨率大幅提高且避免了光源线宽的影响; 与传统电域测量方法相比, 该方法无须额外校准, 无驱动功率和工作波长限制, 且对测试仪器带宽需求降低一半以上. 实验证实了所提方法获得的电光相位调制器半波电压的测量结果与光谱分析法获得的结果一致, 且大幅度地提高了测量范围和分辨率. 该方法提供了非常简单的电光相位调制器微波特性化分析方法, 对其他光电子器件分析也提供了参考.     

基于注入半导体激光器的微波副载波相位调制信号产生

光载无线技术是解决终端超宽带无线通信的重要方法,光信号与微波/毫米波信号的融合处理技术在光-无线的数据格式转换中至关重要.提出了一种基于相位调制信号光注入Fabry-Perot型半导体激光器实现微波副载波相位调制信号产生的方法.光学注入半导体激光器的输出光场会产生一周期(P1)振荡效应, P1振荡产生的边带实现了相位调制信号光的调制分量的放大,被放大的调制分量与注入光载波在激光器腔内拍频形成微波副载波.注入光相位的变化导致新产生的微波副载波相位变化, 实现了注入信号光相位信息转化为微波副载波相位信息.本系统完成1.3 Gb/s, 2.7 Gb/s, 2 Gb/s光相位调制信号到微波副载波相位调制信号的转换,并测量了微波的单边带相位噪声. 通过光电转换和电域混频将还原出的光基带信号与原信号进行逻辑对比,证明了数据信息转换的正确性.