聚羧酸系减水剂的大单体组分的分离分析

采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾式检测器分离分析聚羧酸系减水剂的大单体组分-脂肪醇聚氧乙烯基醚类。以Agilent ZORBAX SB-C8柱为分离柱,甲醇-水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾式检测器。在优化的色谱条件下,样品各组分间分离效果良好。高效液相色谱-质谱联用分析结果表明,各组分依据大单体中EO加合数的不同进行分离。     

液相色谱塔板高度方程的统一形式

研究了色谱分离过程中物质的径向扩散和流动相发热对柱效能的影响。从热传导方程出发,运用色谱过程动力学原理推导了包括考虑流动相径向扩散、色谱柱发热影响的液相色谱塔板高度方程：

该方程概括了高效液相色谱（HPLC）、超高效液相色谱（UPLC）、毛细管电色谱（CEC）和消滞留层液相色谱（ESFLC）塔板高度与各种因素的关系。方程最后一项代表了径向扩散和柱发热对塔板高度的贡献。当流动相线速度较低且柱内径较细时,流动相摩擦生热和径向扩散对塔板高度的贡献趋近于零,塔板高度方程还原成Horvath和Lin的方程;当流动相线速度较高时,由于流动相摩擦生热,柱轴心与边缘温差增加,导致流动相线速度径向分布差异,使得柱效率降低。柱轴心与边缘的温差与流动相线速度平方成正比。该文指出,在流动相高线速度情况下,液相色谱的柱效率与柱内径密切相关,采用细内径柱有利于实现高速与高效率;过高的流动相线速度将导致色谱柱效率崩溃。     

专利

二维色谱多通道分离纯化装置及方法属于化工领域,本发明为解决传统色谱分离纯化技术中上样量少、柱填充物消耗大、洗脱时间长、洗脱剂用量多以及分离纯化的单体目标产物低的问题。本发明装置包括中央分配器、物料罐、流动相罐、固定相罐、压力泵、检测器和n个色谱柱。方法步     

高效液相色谱法测定辣椒中的辣椒碱和二氢辣椒碱

建立了高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定辣椒中辣椒碱、二氢辣椒碱的检测方法.实验考察了仪器条件、不同流动相体系、流动相配比、柱温、流速等因素对分离的影响.确定了最佳色谱条件为ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6 mm,5μm);二极管阵列检测器,辣椒碱、二氢辣椒碱的最佳检测波长为280 nm;色谱柱温度为2...     

反相离子对抑制色谱法分析聚酰亚胺树脂溶液单体成分

使用C18反相液相色谱柱,以乙腈和水作为流动相,以甲基磺酸作为离子对试剂,并加入高氯酸钠以增强离子强度,采用等度洗脱,建立了单体反应物原位聚合型（PMR型）的聚酰亚胺树脂溶液中单体成分分析的反相离子对抑制液相色谱法。并对树脂单体材料的纯度以及PMR型树脂溶液中的单体及单体异构体成分进行了分析。     

四苯基卟啉金属螯合物的反相高效液相色谱保留行为研究

 研究了四苯基卟啉金属螯合物(TPP)的高效液相色谱保留行为。在C18柱上试验以各种有机溶剂洗脱金属螯合物,最终选择了甲醇-丙酮的非 水体系作流动相。各螯合物的保留顺序为：ZnTPP＜TPP＜NiTPP＜CuTPP。运用Horvath的疏溶剂理论解释了这种保留行为。文中采用电负性与离子半径之比（EN／ri）作为静电场强的量度,提出 EN／ri值作为四苯基卟啉金属螯合物保留值参数。实验发现,在不同的流动相配比条件下,lnk′与 EN／ri均呈良好的线性关系。     

唾液酸单体的HPLC测定及其在唾液酸纯化中的应用

建立了高效液相色谱法测定唾液酸单体的方法,色谱柱为ZORBAX SB C18柱,流动相为pH3的硫酸水溶液,流速1．0mL／min,进样量5．0μL,在波长210nm处检测,唾液酸单体质量浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0．9999。在唾液酸单体的纯化过程中用此方法进行检测;与质谱分析相结合,确立了聚唾液酸水解液中唾液酸二聚体的存在。     

绿原酸印迹微球的制备及其色谱行为研究

以绿原酸为模板,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,二乙烯苯为交联剂,采用沉淀聚合法制备了绿原酸印迹微球。探讨了模板及功能单体类型和用量对聚合物颗粒均匀性的影响,考察了流动相组成及柱温对分子印迹柱色谱保留和选择性的影响。绿原酸印迹微球的制备条件为:模板-功能单体-交联剂的用量比为0.375∶1.5∶7.0,摇瓶转速为15r/min时,微球直径约2.5μm,聚合物收率为35.4%。流动相组成及含水量对印迹聚合物的保留行为影响较大,当用乙腈-水混合物为流动相时,含水量增加,各化合物在印迹色谱柱上的保留因子降低:当流动相含水量高于2.5%,分子印迹聚合物失去选择识别能力;但以0.002mol/L磷酸缓冲液(p H3.0)-乙腈混合液为流动相时,分子印迹柱对模板的保留因子、选择性及色谱峰形都有较大改进。当二者体积比为19∶1,保留因子高达90.69,其选择性相对于没食子酸和原儿茶酸高达23.10和6.562。温度影响分子印迹聚合物的选择保留能力,当温度从25℃提高到45℃时,印迹聚合物对模板的保留因子从3.52降低到2.41,选择性因子降低约30%。     

绿原酸印迹均匀微球的制备及其色谱行为研究

以绿原酸为模板,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,二乙烯基苯为交联剂,采用沉淀聚合法制备了绿原酸印迹均匀微球。探讨了模板及功能单体类型和用量对聚合物颗粒均匀性的影响,考察了流动相组成及柱温对分子印迹柱色谱保留和选择性的影响。绿原酸均匀印迹微球的制备条件为：模板-功能单体-交联剂的用量比为0.375:1.5:7.0,摇瓶转速为15r/min时,微球直径约2.5μm,聚合物收率为35.4%。流动相组成及含水量对印迹聚合物的保留行为影响较大,当用乙腈-水混合物为流动相时,含水量增加,各化合物在印迹色谱柱上的容量因子降低：当流动相含水量高于2.5%,分子印迹聚合物失去选择识别能力;但以0.002mol L_-1磷酸缓冲液(pH3.0)-乙腈混合液为流动相时,分子印迹柱对模板的容量因子、选择性及色谱峰形都有较大改进。当二者体积比为19:1,容量因子高达90.69,其选择性相对于没食子酸和原儿茶酸高达23.10和6.562。温度影响分子印迹聚合物的选择保留能力,当温度从25℃提高到45℃时,印迹聚合物对模板的容量因子从3.52降低到2.41,选择因子降低约30%。     

羧基甜菜碱型亲水作用色谱柱的制备及性能研究

以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基乙酸铵(CBMA)为功能单体,利用表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization, SI-ATRP)技术,将CBMA接枝到硅胶表面,得到接枝聚合物CBMA的亲水作用色谱固定相(Silica-CBMA).通过改变SI-ATRP反应体系中单体的浓度,制备了3种不同接枝量的亲水作用色谱固定相.考察了Silica-CBMA固定相对有机酸类化合物的分离性能以及流动相中pH值、盐浓度、水含量等因素对溶质保留行为的影响.结果表明,在亲水作用色谱模式下,Silica-CBMA固定相对有机酸类化合物的分离是离子交换作用与亲水作用的混合色谱模式.流动相中盐浓度增大,溶质保留减弱,符合离子交换作用特征;固定相和溶质的离子化程度受流动相pH值影响较大,pH值增大,溶质保留增强;而溶质的保留时间随流动相水含量增加而降低则是典型的亲水作用色谱特征.使用自制Silica-CBMA柱,建立了芦丁片中维生素C、芦丁含量的亲水作用色谱测定方法,操作方法简单,为强极性样品的分离测定提供了新方法.     

环二硅氮烷-聚硅氧烷共聚物高温气相色谱固定相的研究

含苯基的环二硅氮烷聚硅氧烷共聚物(TMCDPS)主链上含有刚性结构,具有良好的耐热性能。将此材料用作毛细管气相色谱固定相,考察该固定相的柱效、极性、热稳定性,并对石蜡、聚乙烯裂解产物、原油等样品进行色谱分析。实验结果表明:该固定相有着良好的分离效果,属于中等极性固定相,其最为突出的特点就是在聚硅氧烷主链上引入大分子基团,使得其耐温性能大大提高,温度达到400℃时,柱流失量依然不高。     

端羟基β-氰乙基甲基聚硅氧烷气相色谱毛细管柱的研制

Sol-gel capillary column for gas chromatography was prepared with Hydroxyl-Terminated β-cyan-ethyl methyl-Polysiloxane as stationary phase.On this column alkanes,aromatic compounds,amines,alcohols etc.were separated successfully,although the length of this column was only 2.5m.Experiments showed that the column-inertness was good and the unsymmetrical factor was 1.At high temperatures the stationary phase of the column showed excellent stability.Results showed that the relative standard deviation of the ret...     

Siloxane/silarylene copolymers as stationary phases for capillary gas chromatography. Part II: Phenylsubstituted polymers

A commercially available silanol terminated silicone stationary phase, OV-61-OH (33% phenyl), and two phenyl-substituted siloxane/silarylene copolymers, Sila 3 (27% phenyl) and 4 (35% phenyl), have been evaluated for use as stationary phases in fused silica capillary columns for gas chromatography. Ulterations in column adsorptive activity, separation efficiency, stationary phase film thickness and selectivity after column conditioning for 50 h at 370°C have been studied. A high thermal stability was experienced with the stationary phases tested here. For OV-61-OH, the best thermal stability was obtained when coated on untreated fused silica, which illustrates the importance of grafting reactions here. The heat treatment resulted in some deactivation of adsorptive sites in the column. A higher degree of column deactivation was achieved when surface silylation was performed prior to coating. High thermal stability was achieved with Sila 3 when coated on such surfaces. Sila 3 would thus be preferred in cases when high thermal stability in combination with high dsorptive inertness is desired. Sila 4 showed low column bleeding at 370 °C, but prolonged heating at this temperature resulted in the broadening of n-alkane peaks when eluted at 90 °C. This indicates that excessive crosslinking has taken place during the heat treatment and the minimum allowable column operation temperature is thereby increased to ca. 120 °C. The separation of aza-arenes and of triglycerides are shown as applications.     

手性金属-有机骨架材料[Mn3（HCOO）4（D-Cam）]n用于气相色谱的分离性能

以具有单一手性链的三维手性金属-有机骨架材料[Mn₃（HCOO）₄（D-Cam）] _n作为固定相,制备了毛细管手性柱 A（30 m×250 μm i.d.）和柱 B（5 m×75 μm i.d.）,用于气相色谱分离. 分别采用扫描电子显微镜和热重分析考察了固定相的涂敷性能和热稳定性. 选用一些外消旋体、 正构烷烃和位置异构体作为测试物用柱B进行了分离,结果表明该固定相对这些有机物具有较好的分离能力.     

Novel Porous Monolithic Column Using Poly(high internal phase emulsion) Methacrylate as Materials for Immunoglobulin Separation Performance on HPLC

A novel porous polymeric monolithic column based on poly(high internal phase emulsion) methacrylate monolith was prepared and applied to fast separation of proteins. The block copolymer chemistry of high internal phase emulsions was used in the experiment. These unique properties, together with high porosity, good mechanical property, chemical modification of the surface make themselves superior in monolithic medium applications. Morphology of the monolithic material was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The stability of the emulsion and the load of hydroxyl groups–the active group of the monolithic column were investigated. Additionally, the capabilities of separation of this column in conjunction with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were investigated. Immunoglobulin was separated from human plasma and chicken egg yolk with high resolution on the hydrophobic interaction chromatographic column in a short time. The effects of pH and concentration of mobile phase (buffer) on the elution of immunoglobulin were investigated. Moreover, fast separation of a two mode protein mixture (α‐amylase and lysozyme) on the monolith was achieved within 1.5 min at a velocity of 1445 cm·h^?1. As a result, good separation was achieved, and stable low back pressure drop was ensured at high throughput elution with an even longer column.     

Effects of elevated temperature and mobile phase composition on a novel C18 silica column

A novel polydentate C18 silica column was evaluated at an elevated temperature under acidic, basic, and neutral mobile phase conditions using ACN and methanol as the mobile phase organic modifier. The temperature range was 40-200 degrees C. The mobile phase compositions were from 0 to 80% organic-aqueous v/v and the mobile phase pH levels were between 2 and 12. The maximum operating temperature of the column was affected by the amount and type of organic modifier used in the mobile phase. Under neutral conditions, the column showed good column thermal stability at temperatures ranging between 120 and 200 degrees C in methanol-water and ACN-water solvent systems. At pH 2 and 3, the column performed well up to about 160 degrees C at two fixed ACN-buffer compositions. Under basic conditions at elevated temperatures, the column material deteriorated more quickly, but still remained stable up to 100 degrees C at pH 9 and 60 degrees C at pH 10. The results of this study indicate that this novel C18 silica-based column represents a significant advancement in RPLC column technology with enhanced thermal and pH stability when compared to traditional bonded phase silica columns.     

Preparation and evaluation of a hydrophilic poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐co‐N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide) monolithic column for pressurized capillary electrochromatography

A polar polymethacrylate‐based monolithic column was introduced and evaluated as a hydrophilic interaction CEC stationary phase. The monolithic stationary phase was prepared by in situ copolymerization of a neutral monomer 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate and a polar cross‐linker N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide in a binary porogenic solvent consisting of dodecyl alcohol and toluene. The hydroxyl and amino groups at the surface of the monolithic stationary phase provided polar sites which were responsible for hydrophilic interactions. The composition and proportion of the polymerization mixture was investigated in detail. The mechanical stability and reproducibility of the obtained monolithic column preformed was satisfied. The effects of pH and organic solvent content on the EOF and the separation of amines, nucleosides, and narcotics on the optimized monolithic column were investigated. A typical hydrophilic interaction CEC was observed on the neutral polar stationary phase. The optimized monolithic column can obtain high‐column efficiencies with 62 000–126 000 theoretical plates/m and the RSDs of column‐to‐column (n = 9), run‐to‐run (n = 5), and day‐to‐day (n = 3) reproducibility were less than 6.3%. The calibration curves of these five narcotics exhibited good linearity with R in the range of 0.9959–0.9970 and linear ranges of 1.0–200.0 μg/mL. The detection limits at S/N = 3 were between 0.2 and 1.2 μg/mL. The recoveries of the separation of narcotics on the column were in the range of 84.0–108.6%. The good mechanical stability, reproducibility, and quantitation capacity was suitable for pressure‐assisted CEC applications.     

单分散大孔亲水弱阳离子交换填料的制备及其对鱼精蛋白的分离纯化

以自制的5.0 μm单分散大孔亲水交联聚甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯(PGMA/EDMA)微球为基质,对其表面进行化学改性,合成弱阳离子交换色谱填料(WCX)。详细考察了该填料对标准蛋白质的分离性能、表面亲水性能、稳定性和重现性以及流速对蛋白保留的影响。实验结果表明,该色谱填料对蛋白的分离性能、重现性及稳定性良好;在流速为3 mL/min时,采用线性梯度洗脱,6 min内可分离4种标准碱性蛋白质,以溶菌酶测定的该填料的动力学吸附容量为29.86 mg/g。将其用于鱼精蛋白的分离纯化,经反相高效液相色谱测定纯化后鱼精蛋白的纯度为99.2%;与商品Shodex IEC SP-825强阳离子交换色谱柱比较,纯化结果几乎一样。     

A novel triptycene-terminated polymer used as the gas chromatographic stationary phase towards organic acidic/basic analytes and isomers

This work presents a novel strategy for engineering a GC stationary phase with high selectivity, inertness and thermal stability by introducing the 3D π-rich TP moieties to the terminals of a polar chain polymer. Herein, we provide the first example, i.e., a new TP-terminated polycaprolactone polymer (TPP) as the stationary phase for GC analyses. As demonstrated, the TPP column achieved distinctly improved inertness to fatty acids and aldehydes, and dramatically enhanced thermal stability (about 100 °C higher) over the PCL column. Also, the TPP column exhibited high resolving capability towards the positional isomers of phenols, anilines and alkylated/halobenzenes and showed good potential in detecting minor impurities in chemical products. Importantly, the proposed strategy is facile, feasible and generally applicable to analogous polymers.     

一种新型气相色谱手性固定相的制备及应用

合成了一种新的手性固定相,2,6－二－O－三甲基硅烷基－3－O－乙酰其－β－环糊精,以甲基苯基硅油为稀释剂,成功地将其涂渍到弹性石英毛细管柱上,该手性柱具有柱效高,惰性好,热稳定性好等色谱性能,对几类对映体进行了拆分,多数获得令人满意的效果。β