MESHLESS ANALYSIS FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL ELASTICITY WITH SINGULAR HYBRID BOUNDARY NODE METHOD

The singular hybrid boundary node method (SHBNM) is proposed for solving three-dimensional problems in linear elasticity. The SHBNM represents a coupling between the hybrid displacement variational formulations and moving least squares (MLS) approximation. The main idea is to reduce the dimensionality of the former and keep the meshless advantage of the later. The rigid movement method was employed to solve the hyper-singular integrations. The 'boundary layer effect', which is the main drawback of the original Hybrid BNM, was overcome by an adaptive integration scheme. The source points of the fundamental solution were arranged directly on the boundary. Thus the uncertain scale factor taken in the regular hybrid boundary node method (RHBNM) can be avoided. Numerical examples for some 3D elastic problems were given to show the characteristics. The computation results obtained by the present method are in excellent agreement with the analytical solution. The parameters that influence the performance of this method were studied through the numerical examples.     

弹性薄板弯曲问题的双互易杂交边界点法

基于一种板的修正变分泛函,将杂交边界点法与双互易法结合,用于薄板弯曲问题的分析。该方法将问题的解分为齐次方程的通解和非齐次的特解两部分,特解采用径向基函数插值得到,而通解则使用杂交边界点法求解。在杂交边界点法用于求解通解的列式过程中,边界变量采用移动最小二乘近似,域内变量则采用基本解插值。与有限元法相比,该方法仅需要边界上离散点的信息,无论插值还是积分都不需要网格,域内点仅用来插值非齐次项,因而仍是一种纯边界类型的无网格方法。数值算例表明,本文方法能以很少的计算自由度获得与其它方法同样的计算精度,且具有前后处理简单、收敛速度快等优点,适合于求解工程中各种薄板的弯曲问题。     

A meshless method of a thin plate

A meshless approach to analysis of arbitrary Kirchhoff plates by the local boundary integral equation(LBIE) method is presented. The method combines the advantageous features of, all the three methods: the Galerkin finite element method (GFEM), the boundary element method (BEM) and the element-free Galerkin method (EFGM). It is a truly meshless method, which means that the discretization is independent of geometric subdivision into elements or cells, but is only based on a set of nodes (ordered or scattered) over a domain in question. It involves only boundary integration, however, over a local boundary centered at the node in question; It poses no difficulties in satisfying the essential boundary conditions while leading to banded and sparse system matrices using the moving least square (MLS) approximations. It is shown that high accuracy can be achieved for arbitrary geometries for clamped and simply-supported edge conditions. The method is found to be simple, efficient, and attractive. Project supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 19972019).     

Improved non-singular local boundary integral equation method

When the source nodes are on the global boundary in the implementation of local boundary integral equation method (LBIEM),singularities in the local boundary integrals need to be treated specially. In the current paper,local integral equations are adopted for the nodes inside the domain trod moving least square approximation (MLSA) for the nodes on the global boundary,thus singularities will not occur in the new al- gorithm.At the same time,approximation errors of boundary integrals are reduced significantly.As applications and numerical tests,Laplace equation and Helmholtz equa- tion problems are considered and excellent numerical results are obtained.Furthermore, when solving the Hehnholtz problems,the modified basis functions with wave solutions are adapted to replace the usually-used monomial basis functions.Numerical results show that this treatment is simple and effective and its application is promising in solutions for the wave propagation problem with high wave number.     

改进广义移动最小二乘近似的无网格法

无网格法是求解微分方程定解问题的一种新数值方法.移动最小二乘近似只要求近似函数在各节点处的误差的平方和最小,对近似函数导数的误差没有任何约束.而广义移动最小二乘近似要求近似函数及其导数在所有节点处的误差的平方和最小.为了降低计算工作量,本文构造了要求近似函数在全部节点处和任意阶导数在部分节点处误差的平方和最小的改进广义移动最小二乘近似.数值计算显示本文提供的方法关于函数值和各阶导数值都具有很高的精度.     

Kinetic meshless method for compressible flows

We present a grid‐free or meshless approximation called the kinetic meshless method (KMM), for the numerical solution of hyperbolic conservation laws that can be obtained by taking moments of a Boltzmann‐type transport equation. The meshless formulation requires the domain discretization to have very little topological information; a distribution of points in the domain together with local connectivity information is sufficient. For each node, the connectivity consists of a set of nearby nodes which are used to evaluate the spatial derivatives appearing in the conservation law. The derivatives are obtained using a modified form of the least‐squares approximation. The method is applied to the Euler equations for inviscid flow and results are presented for some 2‐D problems. The ability of the new scheme to accurately compute inviscid flows is clearly demonstrated, including good shock capturing ability. Comparisons with other grid‐free methods are made showing some advantages of the current approach. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

无网格方法中本质边界条件的处理

基于新的离散模定义，采用移动最小二乘近似方法，给出了场变量的近似表达形式；从约束变分原理出发，给出了无网格方法中新的本质边界条件的处理方案——罚函数法；对权函数、罚函数的选择对计算精度的影响进行了研究。数值计算结果表明该方法不仅简单合理，而且具有较高的精度和稳定性。     

弹性力学的复变量无网格流形方法

为克服无网格流形方法配点过多、计算速度慢、容易形成病态方程组等缺点,将复变量移动最小二乘法与无网格流形方法相结合,提出了弹性力学的复变量无网格流形方法。分别采用线性基本与二次基进行计算,并与无网格流形方法相比。研究表明该方法计算量小、精度高。     

Research on the companion solution for a thin plate in the meshless local boundary integral equation method

The meshless local boundary integral equation method is a currently developed numerical method, which combines the advantageous features of Galerkin finite element method ( GFEM ), boundary element method (BEM) and element free Galerkin method (EFGM), and is a truly meshless method possessing wide prospects in engineeringapplications. The companion solution and all the other formulas required in the meshless local boundary integral equation for a thin plate were presented, in order to make this method apply to solve the thin plate problem.     

一种求解三维声腔声压分布问题的无网格法

利用传统有限元法求解声压分布问题常常受到污染误差和色散误差的困扰.加权最小二乘无网格法(MWLS)是一种基于移动最小二乘(MLS)近似的无网格方法,求解声腔声压分布问题具有低色散、高精度的特点.然而传统的MLS近似有时容易产生病态矩阵,利用加权正交基函数构建改进的移动最小二乘(IMLS)近似,得到的系统方程为非病态的.论文基于改进的加权最小二乘无网格法(IMWLS)求解三维声腔内部声压分布.计算得到的声压分布和声压频响曲线都与参考值十分吻合,峰值误差和污染误差都比FEM的小,计算成本相比无单元伽辽金法显著降低.计算结果表明IMWLS相比传统的FEM,能在更高的频段内达到高精度,并且相比EFGM能大幅提高计算效率.     

AN IMPROVED HYBRID BOUNDARY NODE METHOD IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL SOLIDS

The hybrid boundary node method （HBNM） is a promising method for solving boundary value problems with the hybrid displacement variational formulation and shape functions from the moving least squares（MLS） approximation. The main idea is to reduce the dimensionality of the former and keep the meshless advantage of the latter. Following its application in solving potential problems, it is further developed and numerically implemented for 2D solids in this paper. The rigid movement method is employed to solve the hyper-singular integrations. Numerical examples for some 2D solids have been given to show the characteristics. The computation results obtained by the present method are in excellent agreement with the analytical solution. The parameters that influence the performance of this method are studied through numerical examples.     

一种新的求解对流扩散边值问题的无网格方法

基于配点法和楔形基函数,提出了一种新的求解对流扩散边值问题的无网格方法。通过一维和二维的问题验证了该数值方法的可行性;并根据数值算例和分析,可以看到该数值方法能达到满意的收敛效果。该数值方法的隐格式形式能够有效地消除对流占优问题的数值振荡现象,是一种真正的无网格方法。     

反平面断裂问题的无单元伽辽金比例边界法

将比例边界法与无单元伽辽金法相结合,建立了反平面断裂分析的无单元伽辽金比例边界法。这是一种边界型无网格法,在环向方向上采用无单元伽辽金法进行离散,因此计算时仅需要边界上的节点信息,不需要边界元所要求的基本解。为了便于施加本质边界条件,通过建立节点值和虚拟节点值之间的关系给出了修正的移动最小二乘形函数。在径向方向上,该方法利用解析的方法求解,因此是一种半解析的数值方法。最后,给出了数值算例,并验证了所提方法后处理简单和计算精度高的特点,适合于求解反平面断裂问题。     

Meshless Galerkin analysis of Stokes slip flow with boundary integral equations

This paper presents a novel meshless Galerkin scheme for modeling incompressible slip Stokes flows in 2D. The boundary value problem is reformulated as boundary integral equations of the first kind which is then converted into an equivalent variational problem with constraint. We introduce a Lagrangian multiplier to incorporate the constraint and apply the moving least‐squares approximations to generate trial and test functions. In this boundary‐type meshless method, boundary conditions can be implemented exactly and system matrices are symmetric. Unlike the domain‐type method, this Galerkin scheme requires only a nodal structure on the bounding surface of a body for approximation of boundary unknowns. The convergence and abstract error estimates of this new approach are given. Numerical examples are also presented to show the efficiency of the method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

完全变换法在无网格伽辽金方法中的应用

由于移动最小二乘形函数一般不具有常规有限元或边界元形函数所具有的插值特征，本质边界条件的处理成为无网格伽辽金法实施中的一个难点。本文通过建立节点位移和广义位移之间的关系对移动最小二乘形函数进行修正，给出了修正的移动最小二乘形函数；以二维问题为例，对完全交换法在无网格伽辽金方法中的应用进行了研究，实现了本质边界条件在节点处的精确施加。数值计算结果表明该方法不仅简单合理，而且具有较高的精度、收敛性和稳定性。     

基于最小二乘的工程结构边界载荷反求误差消减方法

机械装备工程结构强度计算和疲劳寿命预测等都需要准确获知结构的工作或边界载荷。然而,由于土壤和砂石等工作介质的切削及铲运等精确阻力模型难以建立,以及机械装备动力传动过程中的摩擦等损耗难以精确计算,导致准确获得装备工作结构的边界载荷非常困难。依据圣维南原理,采用有限元法建立复杂结构中局部结构应变与其边界载荷的关系,对边界载荷反求过程中误差来源和范围进行了分析和估计,提出了基于最小二乘法的复杂结构局部边界载荷误差消减方法。对推耙机横梁结构的边界载荷进行分析,验证了该误差消减方法的有效性。     

A proper orthogonal decomposition variational multiscale meshless interpolating element-free Galerkin method for incompressible magnetohydrodynamics flow

In the recent decade, the meshless methods have been handled for solving most of PDEs due to easiness of the meshless methods. One of the popular meshless methods is the element-free Galerkin (EFG) method that was first proposed for solving some problems in the solid mechanics. The test and trial functions of the EFG are based on the special basis. Recently, some modifications have been developed to improve the EFG method. One of these improvements is the variational multiscale EFG procedure. In the current article, the shape functions of interpolation moving least squares approximation have been applied to the variational multiscale EFG technique for solving the incompressible magnetohydrodynamics flow. In order to reduce the elapsed CPU time of simulation, we employ a reduced-order model based on the proper orthogonal decomposition technique. The current combination can be referred to as the reduced-order variational multiscale EFG technique. To illustrate the reduction in CPU time used as well as the efficiency of the proposed method, we applied it for the two-dimensional cases.     

应力高梯度问题的无网格分析

基于移动最小二乘法的无网格计算，采用线性基函数即可得到C^1连续位移场，使得应力，应变场在整个求解域内保持连续；节点之间脱离了单元的约束，对求解域进行离散和加密节点时变得十分灵活，因此适合分析应力高梯度问题。本文简要介绍了无网格方法的基本原理，给出了确定节点影响域大小的方法，应用无网格方法对带有V型缺口的受拉方板J23-10曲柄压力机机身进行了受力分析，得到的应力集中部位的计算结果与实际值更为接近。     

混合变换法在无网格伽辽金方法中的应用

移动最小二乘近似的非插值特征给无网格伽辽金方法的应用带来了一定的的困难，本文将再生核质点法中的混合变换法与无网格伽辽金方法相结合，通过对移动最小二乘近似进行局部修正，实现了无网格伽辽金方法中本质边界条件的精确施加。对权函数、影响半径、积分阶等对计算精度的影响进行了有益的探讨。数值计算结果表明了方法的可行性。     

Local Petrov-Galerkin method for a thin plate

The meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) method for solving the bendingproblem of the thin plate were presented and discussed. The method used the moving least-squares approximation to interpolate the solution variables, and employed a local symmetricweak form. The present method was a truly meshless one as it did not need a finite elementor boundary element mesh, either for purpose of interpolation of the solution, or for theintegration of the energy. All integrals could be easily evaluated over regularly shapeddomains ( in general, spheres in three-dimensional problems ) and their boundaries. Theessential boundary conditions were enforced by the penalty method. Several numericalexamples were presented to illustrate the implementation and performance of the presentmethod. The numerical examples presented show that high accuracy can be achieved forarbitrary grid geometries for clamped and simply-supported edge conditions. No postprocessing procedure is required to computer the strain and stress, since the originalsolution from the present method, using the moving least squares approximation, is already smooth enough.