Correlation of unified retention indices for OV-101 and squalane

Summary Gas chromatographic unified retention indices for 43 hydrocarbons (alkanes and cycloalkanes) are given for squalane and OV-101. Comparison of these values and unified retention index increments are presented as linear regression equations with high correlation coefficients and acceptable standard deviations.     

Gas chromatographic retention indices for alkenes on OV-101 and squalane capillary columns

Summary Gas chromatographic retention indices for 47 C₅ to C₈ alkenes on OV-101 dimethylsilicone at 50 and 70 °C were determined within a standard deviation of 0.3i.u. Data obtained on OV-101 are compared with those measured on squalane. The comparison of the retention index and dl/dT values from both columns is presented as linear regression equations with correlation coefficients greater than 0.98.     

Unified retention index of hydrocarbons separated on dimethylsilicone OV-101

Summary Gas chromatographic retention indices of 51 hydrocarbons were determined on OV-101 dimethylsilicone between 40 and 70°C. From the measured data the unified retention indices were calculated.     

Relationship between the average molecular polarizabilities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their retention indices determined on various stationary phases

The Kováts retention indices of 10 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined on SE-30, OV-101, SE-52, OV-7 and OV-17 stationary phases. A significant correlation has been found between the retention indices and the average molecular polarizabilities of the analyzed substances. Equations were derived for the direct determination of the average molecular polarizabilities from the retention index values. The influence of the temperature on this relationship is also indicated.     

Retention index values of hydrocarbons on open-tubular columns coated with methylsilicone liquid phases

Summary The influence of temperature and liquid phase film thickness of open-tubular (capillary) columns on the retention index values of hydrocarbons on methylsilicone liquid phases is discussed. Data obtained on methylsilicones and squalane are compared. Retention index values of 43 hydrocarbons between 40 and 70 °C on OV-101 liquid phase are listed.     

A Study of Oxidative Degradation of Plastics by GC and GC-MS

Abstract

The behaviour of plastics, namely, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide and some copolymers, was studied in a combustion chamber in which the conditions of large-scale fires were simulated. Volatile combustion products were frozen-out or analyzed directly on two columns, one packed with Porapak Q and the other capillary column coated with squalane or CP Sil 5 CB. Carbonyl compounds were determined as the 2,4-dinitro-phenyl hydrazones on an OV-101 stationary phase. Thermal conductivity and flame ionization detectors were used. The decomposition products were identified either on the basis of retention data (retention indices) or by combined capillary GC-MS. The data obtained are used for the cataloguing of plastics from the point of view of their product toxicity during fires.     

Gas chromatographic retention indices for C6 alkanols on OV-101 and Carbowax 20M capillary columns

Summary Gas chromatographic retention indices for 16 C₆ alkanols measured on capillary columns coated with OV-101 methylsilicone and Carbowax 20M propylethyleneglycol liquid phases at 80° and 90°C were determined. The respective standard deviation values were 0.5 and 0.8 i.u. The correlation between the retention indices measured on non-polar and polar stationary phases and the boiling points of the alkanols was studied.     

Comparative evaluation of retention of hydrocarbons present in the C5-petroleum fraction on methylsilicone and squalane phases

Summary The retention of hydrocarbons present in the C₅ pyrolysis fraction of gasolines on the stationary phases squalane and methylsilicone oil JXR at 30, 40 and 50°C was investigated by capillary gas chromatography. The unified retention indices of the hydrocarbons were also calculated on squalane. The retention indices obtained on these two phases were interrelated and the quantitative relationship with the structure of the solutes was studied. Equations based on the unified retention indices calculated on squalane and some selected structural elements of the solutes permit the calculation of their retention on methylsilicone with sufficient accuracy.     

Calculation of retention indices of isoparaffins on different phases

Summry The changes in the retention indices of isoparaffins on phases with different polarities (according to the Rohrschneider-McReynolds system) are examined. It is established that the values of the retention index do not depend on the polarity of the following phases: squalane, normal C₂₄, C₂₈, C₃₀, C₃₂, C₃₄ and C₃₆ paraffins, C₈₇H₁₇₆, the silicones SE-30, OV-1, OV-101, as well as dinonyl phthalate and acetyl tributyl citrate. An empirical equation established peremits the prediction of retention indices of C₆–C₁₀ isoparaffins at different temperatures on all these phases.     

Use of Local Lagrange Interpolation for calculation of retention indices in linear temperature-programmed gas chromatrography

Summary The influence of the isothermal temperature, program rate, initial temperature and flow rate on retention indices was studied. The methods of Kováts, Van Den Dool and Local Lagrange Interpolation are compared. Ten experimental measurements were carried out on a capillary column coated with OV-101 stationary phase.     

An exact quantitative structure/gas-chromatographic retention relationship for alkylbenzenes

The QSRR for alkylbenzenes chromatographed on a squalane column is studied for a general model describing the chromatographic retention. The vapour-pressure index, I_p, proposed by Bonastre and Grenier, is chosen as the basic contribution; more than 25 topological, structural, geometrical and electronic indices of the solute were tested for tuning the calculated value of the retention index, I_calc. The routinely attainable interlaboratory reproducibility for the experimental indices, I_exp., of alkylbenzenes is taken as ±3 units, and a four-parameter equation is derived which adequately describes the retention of thirty C₆–C₁₁ alkylbenzenes on squalane. The correlation coefficient is 0.99990, the variance of the calculated indices around the experimental values (taken as the unified retention index, UI_T) is 1.73 and the maximum difference between the I_calc. and UI_T is 2.8 units.     

Relationship between gas chromatographic behaviour and topological, physicochemical, and quantum chemically calculated charge parameters for neuroleptica

Gas chromatographic retention indices for a number of neuroleptic drugs on an apolar phase, OV-101, and a polar phase, OV-17, are correlated with parameters describing various properties of the separated molecules. The gas chromatographic behaviour is related to the same parameters as those used in quantitative structure activity relationships. The molecular connectivity indices and log k' in a reversed-phase HPLC system were chosen as parameters describing the apolar interactions of the molecules with the stationary phase. As properties involved in more specific interactions, and related to the presence of overall or local polarity, the molecular dipole moment and the charge on the N-atom were selected and quantum chemically calculated. It is found that the retention indices on the apolar phase, OV-101, can be successfully correlated with molecular connectivity indices, which are also used in QSAR studies. The retention indices on OV-17 show a high correlation with the charge on the N-atom. Evidence of the importance of this N-atom in pharmacological activity is known.     

Retention indices of glycerol esters

The retention indices of 27 mono-, di-, and trisubstituted esters of glycerol and C₁–C₆ carboxylic acids were determined on an OV-101 nonpolar phase in the temperature range 110–250°C. The dependence of the retention indices on temperature and the number of carbon atoms in the acid residue was linear for all compounds. The data obtained can be used for identifying glycerol esters in various mixtures and for predicting their thermodynamic properties.     

Gas-chromatographic identification of fluorine-containing organic compounds

The gas-chromatographic retention of a series of fluoroalkylarenes on the standard nonpolar polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase OV-101 was characterized, and the retention indices of these compounds were determined. It was found that large negative values of the homological increments of these constants can serve as a sign of fluorine derivatives that contain no less than three fluorine atoms per molecule. The retention indices on polar inorganic sorbents, the silica gels Silipor 75 and Silipor 600, were chosen as the second chromatographic parameter. On these sorbents (unlike partition separation), the nonadditivity effect of the retention indices of polyfunctional organic compounds with respect to their simpler structural analogs was found for the first time. It was found that a mutual correlation between indices for this combination of a phase and a sorbent was lower than that for the combinations of phases with different polarities; this fact is responsible for the higher information content of this combination for the identification of compounds from this class.     

Unified retention indices of alkylbenzenes on OV-101 and SE-30

Summary Gas chromatographic, unified retention-indices of 56 alkylbenzenes up to C₁₅ on dimethylsiloxane OV-101 and SE-30 stationary phases are given. These values agree well with the corresponding experimental values used in the statistical treatment of the experimental data.     

Gas-chromatographic analysis of alkylated derivatives of carane and of cycloheptane in capillary columns

The retention indices of synthesized alkyl derivatives of carane and of cycloheptane in capillary columns with tricresyl phosphate and squalane at 70°C have been determined. The influence of the structure of the hydrocarbons studied on the values of their retention parameters is considered. An estimate is given of the nature of the interrelationship between the physical properties of these hydrocarbons and their retention indices on a nonpolar stationary phase.     

Gas chromatographic — Mass spectrometric identification of alkylcyclohexanes and cyclohexenes

Summary A series of 34 alkylcyclohexane hydrocarbons structurally related top-menthane, including all saturated, monoolefinic and aromatic structural precursors from cyclohexane, have been characterized by GC and MS. Kováts retention indices have been determined on five stationary phases (squalane, SE-30, Apiezon L, OV-225, PEG 20M) and the corresponding polarity, temperature and structural increments have been calculated. From the information acquired 10 alicyclic hydrocarbons have been identified for the first time in a pyrolysis naphtha.     

Gas-chromatographic study of the thermodynamic properties of systems containing linear alkenes and alkynes

Chromatographia - The selectivity of silicone phases OV-101, OV-17 and OV-225 with respect to the retention indices and thermodynamic functions of solution (relative molar enthalpies, entropies and...     

Gas chromatographic retention indices of fentanyl and analogues

Narcotic analgesics of the fentanyl class are characterized by high potency and relatively short duration of action. These compounds nowadays have become a substitute for heroine and are highly addictive for abusers. Herein, we report retention indices of fentanyl and its eighteen analogues relative to the homologous n-alkane series. These values are determined on a moderately polar BP-5 capillary column under programmed temperature and isothermal chromatographic conditions. The analogues differ in the substituent attached to the piperidine ring nitrogen, and retention indices are found to vary according to the nature of the substituent. The effects of chromatographic conditions like temperature programming rate, carrier gas flow rate, and oven temperature are studied. Retention indices are also determined on a non-polar BP-1 column to study the influence of stationary phase polarity. Standard deviation of all the RI values is less than one index unit.