共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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采用差示扫描量热法DSC研究了水性聚氨酯/功能化石墨烯(WPU/FGNs)纳米复合材料的非等温结晶行为,分别采用Ozawa方程、莫志深方程研究复合材料的非等温结晶动力学,并通过Kissinger方程计算了结晶过程中的活化能。 结果表明,石墨烯在复合材料的结晶过程中起到异相成核剂的作用,提高了复合材料的结晶起始温度、峰值温度和结晶速率;增加石墨烯的质量分数,复合材料的结晶维数增加;石墨烯增加至0.3%,复合材料的活化能从-47.74 kJ/mol降低至-53.60 kJ/mol,继续增加石墨烯至1.0%,复合材料的活化能增加至-41.74 kJ/mol。 相似文献
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去氢枞酸类成核剂改性聚丙烯的非等温结晶动力学研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
对以去氢枞酸盐为成核剂的聚丙烯非等温结晶动力学进行了研究,用修正Avrami方程的Jexiorny法和莫志深法进行处理。结果表明:修正Avrami方程的Jeziorny方法和莫志深法都适用于去氢枞酸类成核剂改性的聚丙烯的非等温结晶动力学。在同样的降温速率下纯聚丙烯的t1/2比成核聚丙烯的t1/2要长,当降温速率为20K/min时,纯聚丙烯和成核聚丙烯的t1/2分别为0.78min和0.51min。同时从莫志深法得到的F(T)结果可以看出,达到相同的结晶度时纯聚丙烯所需的降温速率要大于成核聚丙烯所需的降温速率,说明成核剂的加入提高了聚丙烯的结晶速率。从Jeziorny法求出的纯聚丙烯和成核聚丙烯的Avrami指数分别为4.46和2.77,表明成核剂改变了聚丙烯的结晶成核和生长方式。 相似文献
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通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)研究了聚-4-乙基苯酚抗氧剂对聚丙烯结晶行为的影响。 分别用Jeziorny法和Mo法处理非等温结晶动力学。 同时用Friedman法和Kissinger法计算其结晶活化能。 最后由结晶活化能与结晶温度的变化曲线求得Hoffman-Lauritzen参数成核速率常数(Kg)和迁移活化能(U*)值,进而求得折叠链端表面自由能(σe)和分子链段折叠功(q)。 结果表明,抗氧剂的加入,使聚丙烯的结晶峰温度向低温区移动,结晶半峰宽变大,半结晶时间(t1/2)增大,Jeziorny法所得的结晶速率常数(Z)降低,Mo法所得反映结晶速率快慢的参数F(T)提高,在相同结晶转化率下,结晶活化能负值变小。 Hoffman-Lauritzen参数Kg、U*、σe和q值均增大。 所有变化均表明聚-4-乙基苯酚抗氧剂对PP的结晶有抑制作用。 相似文献
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用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究聚乳酸(PLA)从熔体及玻璃态为初始条件下的非等温结晶行为,采用Ozawa方程、Mo法、Khanna法和Kissinger法对结晶动力学参数进行计算处理。 实验结果表明,这几种方法均适合处理PLA的非等温结晶过程,而Khanna法提出的结晶速率系数(CRC)能够方便地评价PLA相对结晶速率的大小。 PLA从玻璃态升温结晶比从熔体降温结晶容易得多,升温过程有利于晶核生成,而降温有利于晶体生长。 升温结晶时,升温速率2.0 ℃/min时,结晶焓(ΔHc)达到最大为27.1 J/g。 从熔体等速降温过程中,随着冷却速率的降低ΔHc单调增加,冷却速率为0.25 ℃/min时ΔHc增加到28.3 J/g。 在较低温度下从玻璃态结晶,主要表现为异相成核的二维生长方式。 在较高的温度下从玻璃态升温结晶及从熔体冷却结晶时,以均相成核的三维生长方式结晶为主。 与升温过程相比,冷却不利于晶核的生成,所以导致冷却过程总体ΔHc偏低,扩散活化能偏大。 相似文献
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Preparation of Super-Water-Repellent Fluorinated Inorganic-Organic Coating Films on Nylon 66 by the Sol-Gel Method Using Microphase Separation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
We have prepared super-water-repellent fluorinated inorganic-organic coating films on nylon 66 substrate from poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and 2-perfluorooctylethyltriethoxysilane (17F) by the sol-gel method. The contact angle for water of the film was 149°. The fluorinated inorganic-organic film including PMMA particles exhibits the super-water-repellence on nylon 66 and the high ultrasonics-resistance in spite of the low 17F content of the molar ratio of 0.001 per mol of TEOS. The surfaces of the films were characterized by using XPS and SEM in combination with the surface roughness data. It was considered that the fluorinated component was segregated to form separated microphase regions, appropriate surface roughness being resulted to develop high water-repellence. 相似文献
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Crystallization kinetics of Al91La5Ni4 amorphous ribbons produced by a melt-spinning method were studied by DSC analysis and X-ray diffraction. The effect of heating
rate (from 4 to 200°C min-1) was investigated in the temperature range from 298 to 700 K. Increases the heating rate from 4 to 200°C min-1 resulted in increases of the temperature difference between the two stages of the transformation process: crystallization
of Al and crystallization of the Al compounds from 148.9 to 167.4 K. The apparent activation energies for the first step,
related to Al crystallization, and to the second step related to crystallization of Al4La and Al3Ni, were found to be 161±9 and 199±10 kJ mol-1, respectively. The results indicate the possibility of tailoring the heating treatment to produce the required fraction of
the amorphous phase.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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本文介绍了尼龙1010的结晶过程与动力学、晶体的熔融与转化;并论述了其稀溶液、热降解与动态力学性质及共聚、共混、填充、增强、交联改性方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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The crystallization kinetics of polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA66), and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were studied, using a pressure dilatometer (to 200 MPa) to follow the volume changes associated with the crystallization process. The commonly used Avrami equation fitted the isothermal/isobaric crystallization data of PP and PA66 well. The Avrami exponent n was between 1.3 and 1.7, independent of crystallization pressure and temperature. Lines of constant Avrami rate parameter Z in the P-T plane were essentially parallel to the pressure dependence of the melting points and crystallization temperatures. However, the Avrami equation was not suitable for PET. The Malkin, Dietz, and Kim equations provided better fits. The crystallization half-time of PET increased with pressure at constant supercooling, in contrast to PP and PA66, for which it remained essentially unchanged. X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and pressure dilatometry were used to study the effect of formation pressure on the crystal structure, the melting point, and the density of products which were crystallized for short times (minutes) at various temperatures and pressures. No new crystal structures were found for PA66 and PET, but a mixture of monoclinic and triclinic crystals existed in PP above a formation pressure of 50 MPa. The melting points increased with formation pressure for PET, but remained unchanged for PP and PA66. Density at ambient conditions decreased with formation pressure for PP, but increased for PET and PA66. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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将三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)阻燃剂添加到玻纤增强的尼龙66复合材料(GF-PA66)中。利用UL-94实验对MCA在复合材料中的阻燃效果进行研究;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了燃烧后的样品形貌,并利用热重分析法对复合材料的热分解行为进行了研究。结果表明:MCA可使玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料达到UL-94V-0级阻燃效果;MCA晶体被均匀地分散于尼龙基体中,在燃烧时MCA通过自身吸热分解,产生不可燃气体,实现气相阻隔,从而起到阻燃作用,并在复合材料自熄面上留下纳米级气孔。 相似文献
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H. A. Youssef 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(6):636-642
High styrene rubber (HSR)/styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) blends at different ratios were exposed to various doses of electron beam irradiation. The effect of irradiation dose and blend ratios on the mechanical properties and shape memory characteristics in terms of strain fixation) rate (Rf) and strain recovery rate (Rr) was investigated. The results revealed that rich styrene blends displayed higher tensile strength and hardness than low styrene content blends at all irradiation doses. However, elongation at break, and toughness were lower for rich styrene content. Also, it was observed that for most specimens, the tensile strength, elongation at break and hardness increases up to100 kGy. Increasing irradiation doses resulted in slight deterioration in some mechanical properties only for low styrene content at150 kGy. According to the normalized tensile stress at 25% elongation, it was found that the contribution of irradiation in enhancing the mechanical properties is higher for rich butadiene blends. On the other hand, it was observed that rich styrene content blends possess higher Rf and Rr at all the irradiation doses and stretching temperatures. However, the increase of irradiation dose decreases Rf values; the extent of this decrease depends on the blend ratios. Conversely, for all blends, Rr were increased by increasing irradiation dose and styrene content ratios. 相似文献
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Nawal A. Shaltout 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(2):160-165
The mechanical and physical properties of blends based essentially on nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and different ratios of high density polyethylene (HDPE) up to 25 parts per hundred part of rubber (phr) before and after electron beam irradiation were investigated. The values of tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus at 50% elongation (M50), hardness and gel fraction % (GF%) of NBR/HDPE blends were increased with both irradiation dose and by increasing the content of HDPE in the blends. On the other hand, the values of elongation at break (E b ) were decreased with both irradiation dose and the content of HDPE in the blends. By loading NBR/HDPE (100/25) blend with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer the mechanical and physico-chemical properties were improved. Moreover, the degree of improvement is proportional to the loading content of EVA. 相似文献
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A kinetic study of the crystallization of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and of a blend of PEO+poly(bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin)
(PBE) was performed by using DSC in a non-isothermal program at constant cooling rates. The curves obtained were analyzed
by the Kissinger, Ozawa and Friedman methods, with determination of the kinetic parameters in each case. As a consequence
of the presence of PBE, the kinetic parameters were altered, leading to the conclusion that PBE has some influence on the
crystallization of PEO, modifying its mechanism.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献