气相色谱法测定电子产品中十溴联苯醚

提出了气相色谱法测定电子产品中十溴联苯醚的方法。样品先后用甲苯超声提取和浓硫酸提取,所得有机相经硅胶层析柱净化和二氯甲烷洗脱后,以PCB-103为内标物,采用气相色谱法,用电子捕获检测器检测。十溴联苯醚与内标峰面积的比值对十溴联苯醚与内标物质量浓度比值在0.01~10.0 mg.L-1范围内呈线性,检出限(3S/N)为8.0μg.kg-1。方法用于电视机塑料外壳中十溴联苯醚的测定,相对标准偏差(n=5)为2.2%~8.9%,回收率在92.1%~95.3%之间。     

液相色谱/质谱法测定电气产品塑料部件中的初级芳香胺

采用高效液相色谱/质谱(HPLC-MS)法,对电子电气产品塑料部件中的26种初级芳香胺进行了同时测定.初级芳香胺用二氯甲烷、丙酮、甲醇等有机溶剂提取,然后浓缩提取液,用甲醇定容,最后用高效液相色谱/质谱联用仪分析检测.采用ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液,流速为0.6 mL/min,选择离子监测.26种禁用芳香胺的线性范围为0.1～10.0 mg/kg; r≥0.997; 检出限为0.05 mg/kg; 加标回收率为70%～110%; 相对标准偏差为0.23%～14.9%.结果表明, HPLC-MS法可以对塑料部件中的初级芳香胺进行定性定量测定.本研究选择离子色谱峰分离效果好,具有良好的稳定性和重现性.     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定电子电气产品塑料部件中偶氮染料释放的致癌芳香胺

采用高效液相色谱-质谱(HPLC-MS)法对电子电气产品塑料部件中偶氮染料还原裂解产生的21种芳香族伯胺进行同时测定。塑料用有机溶剂溶解或溶胀,释放其中存在的偶氮染料,在连二亚硫酸钠的强还原性环境中,偶氮染料被还原为芳香胺。用甲基叔丁基醚提取芳香胺,提取液浓缩后用甲醇-水(1：1,v/v)定容,HPLC-MS检测。采用ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C₁₈色谱柱分离,乙腈和0.1%(v/v)甲酸溶液为流动相,流速0.6 mL/min,选择离子监测(SIM)采集数据,色谱峰保留时间和特征离子定性。21种芳香胺的线性关系良好,r >0.998,方法检出限为0.5 mg/kg。除个别物质外,在空白塑料基质中的加标回收率为60.1%~129.5%,相对标准偏差小于14.0%。本研究表明电子电气塑料部件中的禁用偶氮染料还原产生的芳香胺能够被定性定量测定,本方法的准确度高,精密度好。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱筛选法对电子电气产品塑料部件中有机锡的测定

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)筛选法测定电子电气产品塑料部件中有机锡的方法.结果表明:采用5 mL硝酸、1 mL 30%双氧水和1 mL氟硼酸消解体系,在190 ℃下消解30 min可使绝大多数塑料样品获得较好的消解效果,选取聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚苯乙烯(PS)和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)3种典型空白塑料基质进行标准添加回收实验,回收率为88%～102%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于3%.实际阳性样品的测定结果显示,建立的方法与GC-MS方法的测定结果吻合.该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、精密度好,可满足实际电子电气产品中有机锡筛选的需要.     

气相色谱法测定牡蛎中多溴联苯醚

利用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD),建立了牡蛎中11种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)同时测定方法。优化了气相法与质谱联用法仪器条件,考察了不同提取溶液、固相萃取柱、净化方式等前处理条件对提取和净化效果的影响。结果表明,GC-ECD对高溴组分更灵敏;牡蛎加标样品经正己烷-二氯甲烷(1:1,V/V)提取,弗洛里硅土柱-浓硫酸净化,GC-ECD测定,PBDEs各组分标准曲线线性良好(r 0. 998),二至九溴联苯醚和十溴联苯醚方法检出限分别为0. 05 ng/g和0. 1 ng/g,回收率范围为80. 3%～104%,相对标准偏差范围为3. 0%～12%。方法可用于牡蛎中二至十溴联苯醚同时检测。     

回流冷凝试样消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铝合金中铅、镉、铬和汞

采用回流冷凝技术,将电子电气产品中铝合金样品用稀盐酸加热溶解后,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定电子电气产品铝合金中铅、镉、铬和汞,方法的检出限为0.001 8~0.019 mg.L-1,方法的回收率和精密度分别为92.3%~96.1%和0.16%~3.71%。     

分散液液微萃取-上浮溶剂固化/高效液相色谱法测定沉积物中的十溴联苯醚

建立了沉积物中痕量十溴联苯醚的分散液液微萃取-上浮溶剂固化-高效液相色谱-紫外法(DLLME-SFO-HPLC-UV)。以正交试验数据为训练样本,采用BP(Back propagation)神经网络模型优化了分散液液微萃取-上浮溶剂固化条件:分散剂为1.00mL甲醇、萃取剂为35.0μL十二醇、NaCl质量浓度为10.00%、萃取时间10min和pH=5,其萃取率(ER)可达62.22%。方法的线性范围为3.5～1400ng/g(r=0.9960),检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ)分别为2.3pg/g(S/N=2)和5.6pg/g(S/N=5),实际样品的加标回收率为97.7%～104.2%。本方法集萃取、富集、分离步骤于一体,简化了沉积物中十溴联苯醚的前处理过程。     

加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱质谱法测定电子电气产品塑料部件中的多氯化萘

建立了测定电子电气产品塑料部件中的7种多氯化萘(PCNs)化合物的GC/MS法。粉碎后的样品经加速溶剂萃取法(ASE)萃取,并经硅胶小柱净化后,GC/MS法测定。7种多氯化萘的线性范围为：0.01～1.0μg/mL(相关系数R2＞0.999),加标回收率为64.0％～99.0％,相对标准偏差RSD为2.2％～9.9％。     

微波萃取/GC-MS法对电子电气产品中多氯萘的测定

建立了微波萃取/GC-MS法检测电子电气产品中多氯萘的方法。将破碎后的样品以甲苯为溶剂进行微波萃取,萃取液经硅胶小柱净化、平行蒸发定量浓缩后采用气相色谱-质谱法测定多氯萘的含量,外标法定量。优化了样品前处理条件,包括前处理方式、微波萃取溶剂、萃取时间,以及净化小柱的选择。对于8种含不同氯原子数的多氯萘,在1~50 mg/L范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.995;方法定量下限为0.2~1.0 mg/kg,相对标准偏差为2.7%~7.2%,回收率为77%~112%。该法操作简便、分析迅速、结果准确,可以满足对电子电气产品中多氯萘的定性确证和定量分析。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定塑料及电子电气产品中N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的含量北大核心CSCD

提出了气相色谱-质谱法测定塑料和电子电气产品中N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的含量的方法。样品1.000 0 g用四氢呋喃10 mL超声提取30 min,提取液经0.45μm聚四氟乙烯滤头过滤后,采用气相色谱-质谱法进行测定,以DB-624毛细管色谱柱进行程序升温,在全扫描模式下选择m/z 56,111,28,41为定性离子,在选择离子监测模式下以m/z 111为定量离子。N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的质量浓度在0.05~10 mg·L^(-1)内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.1 mg·kg^(-1)。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率在94.9%~114%之间,相对标准偏差(n=7)在0.040%~1.6%之间。     

二苯砜-3磺酸钾的合成及表征

二苯砜磺酸的碱金属或碱土金属盐是聚碳酸酯 (ＰＣ)的极有效的阻燃剂[1 ,2 ] ,它能催化加速ＰＣ的热降解 ,在材料的燃烧表面形成炭层 ,达到阻燃的效果。二苯砜一般是将过量的苯蒸气通入浓硫酸中 ,经成砜反应合成[3] 。该方法由于苯是在气体状态下反应 ,具有很大的毒性和环境不友好性 ,且产率只有 40 %～ 46%。本文利用Ｆｒｉｅｄｅｌ Ｃｒａｆｔ反应 ,以苯磺酰氯为磺酰化试剂 ,在苯环上引入芳磺酰基 ,生成砜。不仅减少了环境污染 ,且产率可达90 %以上。反应式如下 :二苯砜磺酸一般是由二苯砜经磺化反应制得。二苯砜的磺酰基具有很强的拉电子…     

“One-shot” analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their hydroxylated and methoxylated analogs in human breast milk and serum using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

The presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their hydroxylated (OH-BDE) and methoxylated (MeO-BDE) analogs in humans is an area of high interest to scientists and the public due to their neurotoxic and endocrine disrupting effects. Consequently, there is a rise in the investigation of the occurrence of these three classes of compounds together in environmental matrices and in humans in order to understand their bioaccumulation patterns. Analysis of PBDEs, OH-BDEs, and MeO-BDEs using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) can be accomplished simultaneously, but detection limits for PBDEs and MeO-BDEs in LC-MS is insufficient for trace level quantification. Therefore, fractionation steps of the phenolic (OH-BDEs) and neutral (PBDEs and MeO-BDEs) compounds during sample preparation are typically performed so that different analytical techniques can be used to achieve the needed sensitivities. However, this approach involves multiple injections, ultimately increasing analysis time. In this study, an analytical method was developed for a “one-shot” analysis of 12 PBDEs, 12 OH-BDEs, and 13 MeO-BDEs using gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). This overall method includes simultaneous extraction of all analytes via pressurized liquid extraction followed by lipid removal steps to reduce matrix interferences. The OH-BDEs were derivatized using N-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (TBDMS-MTFA), producing OH-TBDMS derivatives that can be analyzed together with PBDEs and MeO-BDEs by GC-MS/MS in “one shot” within a 25-min run time. The overall recoveries were generally higher than 65%, and the limits of detection ranged from 2 to 14 pg in both breast milk and serum matrices. The applicability of the method was successfully validated on four paired human breast milk and serum samples. The mean concentrations of total PBDEs, OH-BDEs, and MeO-BDEs in breast milk were 59, 2.2, and 0.57 ng g⁻¹ lipid, respectively. In serum, the mean total concentrations were 79, 38, and 0.96 ng g⁻¹ lipid, respectively, exhibiting different distribution profiles from the levels detected in breast milk. This “one-shot” GC-MS/MS method will prove useful and cost-effective in large-scale studies needed to further understand the partitioning behavior, and ultimately the adverse health effects, of these important classes of brominated flame retardants in humans.     

TS-1分子筛催化苯酚和草酸二甲酯合成草酸二苯酯

碳酸二苯酯;酯交换;TS-1分子筛催化苯酚和草酸二甲酯合成草酸二苯酯     

Oxidative carbonylation of phenol

Oxidative carbonylation of phenol was studied. The activities of the catalysts and cocatalysts were compared. The effect of solvents and pressure on the yield of the target product was studied. Deceased Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1124–1128, June, 1999.     

TiO2／SiO2催化苯酚和草酸二甲酯酯交换合成草酸二苯酯

Diphenylcarbonate (DPC)isabasicmaterialfornon phosgene productionof polycarbonates .Severalalternativenon phosgenemethodsforDPCsynthesishavealsobeenproposed ,oneofthemisthetranses terificationofdimethyloxalate (DMO)withphenoltodiphenyloxalate (DPO)andthedecarbonylationofDPOtoDPC .Inthisprocess ,thesynthesisofDPOfolloweda 2 stepreactionmoduleoftransesterifi cationofDMOwithphenoltomethylphenyloxalate(MPO)andthedisproportionationofMPOtoDPOandDMO[1] .UbeIndustriesreportedthatconven…     

Analysis of compounds of environmental concern: II. Diphenyl ethers

Nineteen halogenated and/or nitrated diphenyl ethers (currently listed in EPA Method 8111) have been separated on a DB-5/ DB-1701 column pair connected to an inlet splitter and separate electron capture detectors. Retention times are included for 10 additional compounds evaluated for their suitability as internal standards or surrogate compounds for incorporation into Method 8111. Method reproducibility and linearity are discussed, and results are presented for extracts of two real samples spiked with the 19 diphenyl ethers and analyzed using the dual-column dual-detector arrangement.     

苯酚氧化羰化合成碳酸二苯酯的新型PdCl2-Co(Pyca)2催化体系

研究了新型的Ｐｄ－Ｃｏ催化体系催化氧化碳化苯酚合成碳酸二苯酯。当ｎ（ＰｄＣｌ２）：ｎ「Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）」：ｎ（四丁基化铵）：ｎ（苯醌）＝１：１：１０：２５,Ｔ＝１２０,Ｐ＝２．５ＭＰａ（Ｐｃｏ／Ｐｏ２＝４：１）,反应时间８ｈ,ＰｄＣｌ２－Ｃｏ（Ｐｙｃａ）２比ＰｄＣｌ２－Ｃｏ（ＯＡｃ）２的催化活性高。当使用ＰｄＣｌ２－Ｃｏ（Ｐｙｃａ）２催化剂时,ＤＰＣ的产率为６．０３％。最佳的反应温度是１２０℃,ＤＰＣ的产率随着体系的总压增加而增大,当压力升到３．５ＭＰａ时,ＤＰＣ产率为８．５３％。     

氯化磷酸二苯酯的合成和结构表征

以苯酚、三氯氧磷为原料,以无水三氯化铝为催化剂合成了氯化磷酸二苯酯;采用正交试验研究了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量和原料配比对反应收率的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件;并利用红外光谱和核磁共振谱表征了产物的结构.结果表明,影响反应收率的几种因素的排序为:反应温度>原料配比>催化剂用量>反应时间;最佳反应条件为:温度70℃、反应时间15h、原料配比(n苯酚∶n三氯氧磷)2∶1、催化剂用量0.8g(相对于苯酚的质量分数为4.25%).与此同时,采用加水后处理方法可以提高产品收率和可操作性.     

Die Reaktion von SePh2 mit N‐Chlorsuccinimid. Kristallstrukturen von [SeCl2Ph2] und [SeCl2Ph2(Succinimid)2]

Reaction of SePh₂ with N‐Chlorosuccinimide. Crystal Structures of [SeCl₂Ph₂] and [SeCl₂Ph₂(succinimide)₂] SePh₂ reacts with N‐chlorosuccinimide in acetonitrile solution to give [SeCl₂Ph₂] ( 1 ) and [SeCl₂Ph₂(succinimide)₂] ( 2 ) as colourless crystals, which can be separated by fractional crystallization. According to X‐ray single crystal determinations both compounds contain [SeCl₂Ph₂] molecules with ψ‐trigonal‐bipyramidal coordination at the selenium atom, the chloro ligands being in apical positions. In 2 the dimeric unit (HNC₄O₂H₄)₂ is linked with its [SeCl₂Ph₂] unit via a weak C–H···O hydrogen bond. 1 : Space group Pbcn, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at 193 K: a = 1350.6(1), b = 573.3(1), c = 1503.3(2) pm, R₁ = 0.0326. 2 : Space group I2/a, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at 193 K: a = 1363.9(1), b = 557.7(1), c = 2781.3(1) pm, β = 101.01(1)°, R₁ = 0.0286.     

Pd-二苯膦基配合物在苯酚催化氧化 羰基化合成碳酸二苯酯中的应用 Pd-二苯膦基配合物在苯酚催化氧化 羰基化合成碳酸二苯酯中的应用

以二苯膦基为配体,PdCl2做为活性组份,制备了1,1’-双(二苯膦基)二茂铁二氯化钯(DPPF),1,2-双(二苯膦基)乙烷二氯化钯(DPPE),1,3-双(二苯膦基)丙烷二氯化钯(DPPPr),1,4-双(二苯膦基)丁烷二氯化钯(DPPB)4种催化剂.通过IR,1H-NMR,EA,TG等手段对催化剂结构和性质进行了表征.同时,对苯酚催化氧化羰基化合成碳酸二苯酯的催化体系和参数进行了比较,筛选出最佳催化条件为:在溶剂30 mL二氯甲烷体系中,添加无机助剂0.75 mmol CuCl2和有机助剂0.375 mmol苯醌(BQ)以及表面活性剂(2.5 g)正四丁基溴化铵,使用DPPF做催化剂;其反应总压为5 MPa(其中p(CO)∶p(O2)=93∶7)和反应温度100℃,反应3 h后转化数(TON)达到69.5 DPC mol/Pdmol".