Structure and magnetism of neutral and anionic palladium clusters

The properties of neutral and anionic Pd(N) clusters were investigated with spin-density-functional calculations. The ground-state structures are three dimensional for N>3 and they are magnetic with a spin triplet for 2 < or = N < or = 7 and a spin nonet for N = 13 neutral clusters. Structural and spin isomers were determined and an anomalous increase of the magnetic moment with temperature is predicted for a Pd7 ensemble. Vertical electron detachment and ionization energies were calculated and the former agrees well with measured values for Pd(-)(N).     

压力下CaN_2结构稳定性和电子结构的第一性原理研究

通过运用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法结合广义梯度近似对压力下CaN_2的结构稳定性和电子结构进行了理论研究.对结构稳定性的研究表明,ZnCl_2型结构是CaN_2在环境压力下最稳定的结构,而实验上观察到的CaC_2-I型结构是CaN_2高压下(8.7 GPa)的稳定性结构.在50 GPa的压力范围内,CaN_2将发生从ZnCl_2型结构到ThC_2型结构再到CaC_2-I型结构的两次压致结构相变,其相变压力分别为0.81 GPa和8.77 GPa.而对电子结构的研究表明ZnCl_2型、ThC_2型和CaC_2-I型三种结构的CaN_2都表现出了金属特征,三种结构CaN_2当中Ca-N键的离子-共价性特征和N原子间的N=N双键特征得到了确认.     

Highly strained structure of a four-layer deposit of Pd on Ni(110): a coupled theoretical and experimental study

The structure of a four monolayer deposit of Pd on Ni(110) has been determined by a combination of x-ray diffraction experiments and density-functional theory calculations. This Pd film presents, after annealing at 500 K, a (Nx2) reconstruction associated with a large enhancement of its catalytic activity. The N superstructure, along the dense [11;0] direction, comes from periodic edge dislocations initiated by a vacancy in the first Pd layer. In the perpendicular direction, the doubling of the period originates in a pairing-buckling displacement of the rows. This study evidences a new Pd atoms arrangement with quasi-four-fold hollow sites on the surface, which could play an important role in the exceptional catalytic activity.     

Pd对O吸附在ZnO（0001）面上的影响的第一性原理研究

本文用第一性原理方法计算了Pd 在ZnO(0001)面上的吸附、Pd对O吸附的影响及Pd替代表面Zn原子能量的变化.结果表明：(1) Pd的吸附位置不随覆盖度变化,Pd稳定吸附位为H3位;(2)Pd在1/4单层吸附时比1个单层吸附时稳定;(3)Pd的存在增强了氧在ZnO(0001)面上的吸附,O原子可以扩散到Pd吸附层的下,Pd处于最上面, 具有催化作用.     

遗传算法结合密度泛函理论研究Cu13团簇的几何结构

基于Gupta 多体势采用遗传算法详细计算了金属团簇Cu13的几何结构,对所得到的大量低能（基态及低激发态）结构,利用密度泛函理论方法作进一步优化计算。结果表明：尽管遗传算法所得基于Gupta原子间多体势的基态结构（Ih高对称性的紧致结构）并不对应第一性原理计算结果（非紧致低对称性基态）,但遗传算法给予的大量候选结构经密度泛函理论再次计算仍然可以高效地得到真实基态结构,体现出遗传算法在计算具有非紧致低对称性基态体系时的有效性。     

遗传算法结合密度泛函理论研究Cu13团簇的几何结构

基于Gupta 多体势采用遗传算法详细计算了金属团簇Cu13的几何结构,对所得到的大量低能（基态及低激发态）结构,利用密度泛函理论方法作进一步优化计算。结果表明：尽管遗传算法所得基于Gupta原子间多体势的基态结构（Ih高对称性的紧致结构）并不对应第一性原理计算结果（非紧致低对称性基态）,但遗传算法给予的大量候选结构经密度泛函理论再次计算仍然可以高效地得到真实基态结构,体现出遗传算法在计算具有非紧致低对称性基态体系时的有效性。     

Structure evolution along the yrast-line in 101pd

High-spin states in 101Pd have been investigated experimentally via the 76Ge(28Si,3nγ)101Pd reaction.The previously known bands based on the d5/2 and h11/2 neutron orbitals have been extended to higher-spin states,and two new structures have been observed.Spin and parity were assigned to the levels on the basis of the experimental results of the angular distribution of γ rays deexciting the oriented states.For the ground-state band,the E-GOS(E-Gamma Over Spin) curve strongly suggests a structure transition from vibration to rotation while increasing spin.     

The magnetic hyperfine structure in the rotational spectrum of H2CNH

The hyperfine structure in the ground-state rotational spectrum of methanimine was studied in the frequency range of 64-172 GHz by means of the Lamb-dip technique. This allowed to resolve, in some hyperfine components due to the ¹⁴N nucleus, doublets separated by only some tenth of kHz. We explain the splittings as due to magnetic interactions of the three protons with their molecular environment. The analysis of the experimental spectrum has been guided by quantum-chemical calculations of the hyperfine parameters.     

Electronic structure of transition metal dichalcogenides PdTe_2 and Cu_(0.05)PdTe_2 superconductors obtained by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

The layered transition metal chalcogenides have been a fertile land in solid state physics for many decades.Various MX2-type transition metal dichalcogenides,such as WTe2,Ir Te2,and Mo S2,have triggered great attention recently,either for the discovery of novel phenomena or some extreme or exotic physical properties,or for their potential applications.Pd Te2 is a superconductor in the class of transition metal dichalcogenides,and superconductivity is enhanced in its Cuintercalated form,Cu0.05 Pd Te2.It is important to study the electronic structures of Pd Te2 and its intercalated form in order to explore for new phenomena and physical properties and understand the related superconductivity enhancement mechanism.Here we report systematic high resolution angle-resolved photoemission(ARPES) studies on Pd Te2 and Cu0.05 Pd Te2single crystals,combined with the band structure calculations.We present in detail for the first time the complex multi-band Fermi surface topology and densely-arranged band structure of these compounds.By carefully examining the electronic structures of the two systems,we find that Cu-intercalation in Pd Te2 results in electron-doping,which causes the band structure to shift downwards by nearly 16 me V in Cu0.05 Pd Te2.Our results lay a foundation for further exploration and investigation on Pd Te2 and related superconductors.     

Ordering and magnetism in Fe-Co: dense sequence of ground-state structures

We discover that Fe-Co alloys develop a series of ordered ground-state structures in addition to the known CsCl-type structure. This new set of structures is found from a combinatorial ground-state search of 1.5 x 10(10) bcc-based structures. The energies of the searched bcc structures are constructed with the cluster expansion method from few first-principles calculations of ordered Fe-Co structures. The set of new ground-state structures is explained from the decay behavior of the cluster expansion coefficients which allows us to identify a simple geometric motif common to all structures. The appearance of these FeCo superstructures offers a broader view of the ordering reactions in bipartite-lattice based binary alloys.     

Phase transitions in electron systems with short-range pairing interactions: Ground state

We propose a real-space, tight-binding model of electrons with short-range pairing interactions. The model involves a competition between the ordinary single particle hoppingt and an attractive interactionV between the singlet electronic pairs formed on neighboring lattice sites. The Hamiltonian effectively describes a mechanism for pair formation. We study the ground-state properties of its onedimensional version using numerically exact finite chain calculations for up toN= 10 sites. The ground-state wave functions, the energy spectrum, and various ground-state correlation functions are calculated with the help of an exactly equivalent system of two coupledS=1/2 spin chains. The results indicate the existence of a transition between the band and the localized pairs situation. The transition takes place forV/t= 1.4–0.1 and appears to be of essential singularity type. Comparison with other models used for pairing phenomena, like the negativeU-Hubbard model is made.     

Quantum chemical study of the ground-state alcoholic complexation of selected dual luminescent compounds

The ground- and excited-state features of dual luminescent molecules are strongly influenced by the presence of alcoholic additives. Selected ground-state properties of methanol and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-propan-2-ol complexes of 4-aminobenzonitrile, 4-aminopyridine and aniline derivatives were obtained by quantum chemical calculations. The formation enthalpies of the complexes are the most exothermic when the cyano or ring nitrogen interacts with the hydroxyl group of the alcohols. The binding energies are almost doubled when the fluorinated reactant is the hydrogen bond donor. Parallel to the enhancement of the stabilization of the complex, the ground-state dipole moment also increases notably with complex formation. In principle, consideration of this increase is essential in interpretation of the solvatochromatic behaviour of the complexed species.     

Giant Coster-Kronig transitions and intrinsic line shapes of the anomalous Pd M45VV Auger spectrum of Pd/Ag(100) dilute surface alloys

The Pd M4VV and M5VV Auger spectra of the 0.1 ML Pd/Ag(100) dilute surface alloy have been measured using Auger-photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy. The M4VV spectrum indicates that Pd 3d(3/2) core holes have a Coster-Kronig decay rate that is approximately 10 times that of Pd metal. Our calculations show that this giant enhancement arises from the local electronic structure of excited Pd atoms at the surface. Anomalous features in the Auger line shape are similar to those seen in dilute bulk PdAg alloys, and these features in the M5VV and M4VV lines are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.     

Structure of Mg<Subscript>n</Subscript> and Mg<Stack><Subscript>n</Subscript><Superscript>+</Superscript></Stack> clusters up to n = 30

We present structure calculations of neutral and singly ionized Mg clusters of up to 30 atoms, as well as Na clusters of up to 10 atoms. The calculations have been performed using density functional theory (DFT) within the local (spin-)density approximation, ion cores are described by pseudopotentials. We have utilized a new algorithm for solving the Kohn-Sham equations that is formulated entirely in coordinate space and, thus, permits straightforward control of the spatial resolution. Our numerical method is particularly suitable for modern parallel computer architectures; we have thus been able to combine an unrestricted simulated annealing procedure with electronic structure calculations of high spatial resolution, corresponding to a plane-wave cutoff of 954 eV for Mg. We report the geometric structures of the resulting ground-state configurations and a few low-lying isomers. The energetics and HOMO-LUMO gaps of the ground-state configurations are carefully examined and related to their stability properties. No evidence for a non-metal to metal transition in neutral and positively charged Mg clusters is found in the regime of ion numbers examined here.     

Co@Aun(n=1-8)团簇的几何结构和电子性质的理论研究

本文利用密度泛函PW91方法研究了Co@Aun(n=1-8)团簇的平衡结构、稳定性和磁矩。结构优化显示Co原子在低能异构体中趋于占据最高配位位置,基态Co@Aun(n=2-6)团簇为二维结构,Co@Au7和Co@Au8转变为三维结构。原子平均结合能、二阶能量差分及HOMO-LUMO能级间隙分析表明掺杂Co原子提高了金团簇的稳定性,改变了金团簇能级间隙的奇偶振荡性,n=5为掺杂团簇的幻数。磁矩的计算揭示Co@Aun团簇的磁性主要源于Co原子的3d轨道。     

Magnetic moments of odd-A aluminum isotopes in covariant density functional theory

The ground-state properties, especially the magnetic moments, of odd-A aluminum isotopes have been studied and well reproduced in covariant density functional theory after considering the rotational coupling. The present calculations support the rotational structure in the ground state of odd-A aluminum isotopes, i.e. the ground state 5/2~+ is built on the intrinsic state 5/2[202]. In addition, the contribution from the time-odd fields is also discussed.     

Co@Au_n(n=1～8)团簇的几何结构和电子性质的理论研究

本文利用密度泛函PW91方法研究了Co@Au_n（n=1～8）团簇的平衡结构、稳定性和磁矩.结构优化显示Co原子在低能异构体中趋于占据最高配位位置,基态Co@Au_n（n=2～6）团簇为二维结构,Co@Au₇和Co@Au8转变为三维结构.原子平均结合能、二阶能量差分及HOMO-LUMO能级间隙分析表明掺杂Co原子提高了金团簇的稳定性,改变了金团簇能级间隙的奇偶振荡性,n=5为掺杂团簇的幻数.磁矩的计算揭示Co@Au_n团簇的磁性主要源于Co原子的3d轨道.     

Energetics of 2D and 3D Repulsive Hubbard Model from Their 1D Counterpart using Dimensional Scaling for an Arbitrary Band Filling

A dimensional scaling computation of the electron concentration-dependent ground-state energy for the repulsive Hubbard model is presented, a generalization of Capelle’s analysis of the 2D and 3D Hubbard Hamiltonians with half-filled bands. The computed ground-state energies are compared with the results of mean-field and density-matrix functional theories and of quantum Monte Carlo calculations. The comparison indicates that dimensional scaling yields moderately accurate ground-state energies close to and at half filling over the wide range of interaction strengths in the study. By contrast, the accuracy becomes poor at low filling for strong interactions.     

Active-space N-representability constraints for variational two-particle reduced density matrix calculations

The ground-state energy of a system of fermions can be calculated by minimizing a linear functional of the two-particle reduced density matrix (2-RDM) if an accurate set of N-representability conditions is applied. In this Letter we introduce a class of linear N-representability conditions based on exact calculations on a reduced active space. Unlike wave-function-based approaches, the 2-RDM methodology allows us to combine information from calculations on different active spaces. By adding active-space constraints, we can iteratively improve our estimate for the ground-state energy. Applying our methodology to a 1D Hubbard model yields a significant improvement over traditional 2-positivity constraints with the same computational scaling.     

Angle-resolved photoemission study of Pd(111) and Co/Pd(111)

Electronic structure of epitaxial Co films on Pd(111) has been investigated as a function of the Co overlayer thickness, by using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). It is found that experimental band structures for Pd(111) and work functions for Co/Pd(111) agree reasonably well with the results of band structure calculations. Compared to Pd(111), valence band ARPES spectra of Co/Pd(111) support the existence of the induced magnetic polarization of Pd atoms near the interface, suggesting large hybridization between Co 3d and Pd 4d states near the interface.