R32/R134a在微通道内流动沸腾特性

研究非共沸混合工质R32/R134a(质量比,25%/75%)在水平微尺度通道内流动沸腾换热规律。在各种工况下进行了非共沸混合工质R32/R134a在水平微尺度管道内流动沸腾换热的实验,考察了质量流量G、热流密度q、质量干度x对微尺度通道内流动沸腾换热系数的影响。研究表明:在热流密度、质量流量都较低的区域,对细管道,换热系数与热流密度的关联度较大;而对微管道,换热系数受影响的因素比较多,并在干度为0.6时出现"干涸"现象,使得换热系数急剧下降。在质量流量高的区域,对细管道,热流密度对换热系数的影响很小;而对微尺度管道,当干度为0.06时换热系数发生转变,随质量干度的增加先减小后增大,热流密度增大到一定的阶段后,换热系数不再随热流密度变化。     

微通道内流动沸腾气泡生长特性数值研究

利用FLUENT软件,采用VOF多相流模型对水在矩形微通道内流动沸腾过程中气泡的生长进行了数值模拟,分析了壁面热流密度、入口质量通量和接触角对气泡生长速率的影响,并得到了气泡周围的温度和压力分布。结果表明,壁面热流密度和质量通量的增大导致气泡生长速度的增加,而最小的接触角有最大的气泡生长速度,气泡边界上的温度梯度和压力梯度都较大。     

微通道流动沸腾气泡受限特性实验研究

本文利用可视化手段实验研究矩形截面微通道(1 mm×0.5 mm)内发生流动沸腾时气泡的生长及受限现象。实验使用去离子水为工质,气泡受限过程由高速CCD相机观察并记录。研究发现,气泡高度方向通道壁面的存在对气泡在该方向的生长产生强烈的限制作用,气泡生长后期顶端气液界面在并未与限制壁面接触时其曲率便明显减小,壁面对气泡生长的限制作用通过其对气泡界面施加一个壁面限制力而体现.通过对比不同运行工况条件下的气泡受限现象,分析讨论了气泡受限过程中其界面形状变化规律及影响因素。     

微通道内流动沸腾换热特性实验研究

采用实验方法对制冷剂R134a在内径为1.98mm的水平光滑铜管内的流动沸腾换热特性进行研究。试验中,质量流速范围720~900kg/(m~2·s),热流密度范围19~28k W/m~2,系统压力0.7MPa和0.81MPa(饱和温度为26.8℃、31.4℃)和干度范围0~0.65。结果表明:质量流速对换热系数的影响较大,随着质量流速的增大而增大;在低干度区,热流密度对换热系数的影响较大,换热系数随干度的增加近似成单调增加;系统压力对换热系数也有明显的影响;将试验结果与Sun-Mishima公式和Liu-Winterton公式进行比较,发现试验结果与Sun-Mishima公式计算值吻合度较高,最大误差为14.1%。     

微尺度水平管内沸腾换热特性研究

对不同质量分数下非共沸混合工质(R134a/R32)在微尺度管道内的流动沸腾换热特性进行了比较和分析,阐述了热流密度、质量流量和质量干度对换热的影响。结果表明:热流密度对换热的影响随着质量流量的增加而愈加明显;在质量分数为75%/25%和65%/35%时,换热系数随着质量流量的增大而增大;而质量分数为85%/15%时,换热系数随质量流量的变化先增加后减小;随着质量干度的增加,换热系数在各质量分数下基本上都呈上升趋势。     

微通道热沉内液氮流动沸腾的换热特性

本文研究了流最为50.1～880.5 kgm-2s-1,干度为0.01～0.25范围内微通道热沉内液氮流动沸腾的换热特性.热沉基材为一块长宽厚为50 min×30 mm×4 mm的不锈钢板,钢板上加工有宽1.0 mm,深2.0 mm的9个通道.实验结果表明在定热流密度条件下,热沉表面温度分布很不均匀,这主要是由微通道内...     

V形微槽内沸腾液体的流动阻力特性

本文报道纯工质在V形微槽内流动沸腾的流动阻力特性，给出了实验结果，并与有关报道的结果进行了比较，分析了流速和微槽结构参数对流动阻力特性的影响。     

微米线结构表面的过冷流动沸腾实验研究

以去离子水为工质,配合高速摄像观测,研究了截面为0.5 mmx5mm的微细窄矩形通道内氧化锌微米线结构表面的竖直流动过冷沸腾.流量范围200～400 kg·m-2s-1,过冷度为10 K,热流密度最高为200 kW·m-2.分析了不同工况下过冷沸腾的沸腾曲线、平均换热系数、局部换热系数和流型特征.     

具有微槽的圆管流动沸腾实验研究

1引言行化行业大量的立、卧式重沸器等中都涉及沸腾相变传热。超大规模集成电路的正常工作需要具有10’W／m’量级甚至更高的散热能力山，航天热环境控制也同样要求在小温差下具有极高的散热强度问。对于这些高热流、低温差传热问题，往往也采用沸腾相变的方法解决。沸腾强化技术研究有很长历史，已发展出许多有效的方法，Thome问对过去数十年的工作做了系统的综述。具有烧结多孔表面薄展的HIGHFLUX管则，机加工扩展表面的THERMOEXEC－E管问，西德研制的GEWA－T管问，虽然在强化池沸腾时具有优异性能，很少用于强化流动沸腾。在…     

微细管内气体流动特性实验研究及影响因素分析

实验研究了直径范围50-200 μm微细光滑圆管及粗糙管内气体阻力特性。结果表明所研究光滑微细管内阻力特性与常规管基本符合,从层流到素流的转捩Re也未明显提前,而粗糙管阻力要远大于理论值。由于尺度效应,一些非常规因素对微尺度流动将产生明显影响。综合前人研究结果,对影响微尺度阻力特性研究结果的相关因素进行了探讨。     

多孔材料微通道流动沸腾可视化实验研究

微通道换热器因其结构紧凑、换热能力高、工质消耗少等优点成为解决微小空间"散热难"问题的有效途径之一,采用多孔材料制作的微通道热沉能够极大地增加换热面体比,因而可以进一步提高其换热能力.本文利用可视化手段对槽道翅片顶部与盖板间留有狭缝、通道截面为矩形(400 μm×600 μm)的开放型多孔微通道的流动沸腾现象进行实验研...     

Experimental Study on Flow Boiling Pressure Drop and Flow Instabilities of Reentrant Micro-channels

Flow boiling pressure drop and flow instabilities of Ω-shaped reentrant copper micro-channels were experimentally explored. Tests were conducted in deionized water and ethanol at inlet subcoolings of 10°C and 40°C, mass fluxes of 125–300 kg/m²·s, and a wide range of heat fluxes and exit vapor qualities. The operational parameters effects, i.e., heat flux, mass flux, inlet subcooling, and coolants, on pressure drop and flow instabilities were systematically explored. The two-phase pressure drop of reentrant micro-channels were found to generally increase monotonically with increasing heat fluxes and exit vapor qualities. Nevertheless, the roles of mass flux and inlet subcooling were dependent on the test coolant.     

Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer in Two-phase Flow Boiling

In this article, an experimental investigation is performed to measure the boiling heat transfer coefficient of water flow in a microchannel with a hydraulic diameter of 500 μm. Experimental tests are conducted with heat fluxes ranging from 100 to 400 kW/m², vapor quality from 0 to 0.2, and mass fluxes of 200, 400, and 600 kg/m²s. Also, this study has modified the liquid Froude number to present a flow pattern transition toward an annular flow. Experimental results show that the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient is not dependent on mass flux and vapor quality but on heat flux to a certain degree. The measured heat transfer coefficient is compared with a few available correlations proposed for macroscales, and it is found that previous correlations have overestimated the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient for the test conditions considered in this work. This article proposes a new correlation model regarding the boiling heat transfer coefficient in mini- and microchannels using boiling number, Reynolds number, and modified Froude number.     

多孔介质流动沸腾微观模型实验研究

多孔通道内流动沸腾广泛应用于热管、高效换热器、航天热防护等领域,认识孔隙尺度相变典型行为及特点有助于理解多孔介质内沸腾传热机理,进而改进多孔介质内部流体相变模型。基于此,本文搭建了二维多孔介质内流动沸腾实验台,对微米级多孔通道内部流动沸腾现象及气泡行为进行研究。实验发现在毛细力、黏性力和惯性力的共同作用下,多孔介质内的流动沸腾形态显著区别于直通道内的沸腾,存在局部气泡堵塞、合并和液膜蒸干、再润湿等行为。该研究有助于增强对相变过程的理解,并为多孔结构优化设计提供指导。     

Experimental Investigation of Subcooled Vertical Upward Flow Boiling in a Narrow Rectangular Channel

Accurate models for the onset of nucleate boiling, density of active nucleation sites (N_a), bubble departure size (D_d), and departure frequency (f_d) are essential to the success of computational fluid dynamics analysis of two-phase thermal-hydraulics involving subcooled flow boiling in nuclear reactor systems. This work presents an experimental study of subcooled flow boiling in a vertical upward narrow rectangular channel that mimics the flow passage in the plate fuel assembly of boiling water reactors. The experiments are conducted over a range of mass flux (G = 122–657 kg/m²s), inlet subcooling (ΔT_sub = 4.7–33.3?C), and heat flux (q″ = 1.7–28.9 W/cm²). Based on the experimental data, empirical correlations are developed for the prediction of onset of nucleate boiling, N_a, D_d, and f_d for given flow conditions. These correlations are valid in the nucleate boiling regime when the wall superheat is less than 12°C and can be incorporated in the computational fluid dynamics codes to enable more precise simulation of subcooled flow boiling heat transfer and two-phase flow in nuclear energy applications.     

Experimental Investigation of Subcooled Flow Boiling in an Inclined Channel with a Hot Spot

In this study, the effects of surface roughness, fluid velocity, and surface inclination on hot spot subcooled flow boiling are investigated experimentally. The experimental set-up consists of a circular heater that is placed on the lower wall of a channel. Based on the experimental data, two new independent empirical correlations are presented. The experimental results show that by increasing the surface roughness and fluid velocity, the surface heat fluxes increase. Inclination of the surface in either direction yields a higher heat transfer coefficient in comparison to its horizontal position when the surface is smooth and lower for the rough surface.     

烧结/堆积床多孔介质流动沸腾换热实验研究

本文实验对比研究了0.3 mm、0.5mm、0.7 mm三种粒径的铜颗粒烧结与堆积床多孔介质中的流动沸腾换热,主要研究了入口流速、热流密度、加热方位及粒径对流动沸腾换热的影响,以及多孔介质中的沸腾滞后。实验结果表明:大入口流速、低热流密度、下方加热以及小粒径时加热壁面的过热度较低,即有利于沸腾换热;本实验所用烧结多孔介质壁面过热度高于堆积床多孔介质,其原因是内部含有闭孔。     

Experimental Investigation of Saturated Flow Boiling Heat Transfer to TiO2/R141b Nanorefrigerant

Heat transfer in two-phase flow boiling of a dilute mixture of TiO₂ nanoparticles in R141b base fluid in a smooth tube is investigated experimentally. Examining the obtained results reveals that enhancement of the convective heat transfer coefficient for the particle volume fractions of 0.01% and 0.03% in comparison with pure R141b is more pronounced for a higher volume fraction. The measured data also show that at higher vapor qualities, the improvement in heat transfer coefficient is greater. Moreover, the heat transfer coefficient decreases substantially with mass flux while an increase in saturation temperature leads to an improvement in this coefficient.