A double pass rapid scanning Fourier transform spectrometer for plasma diagnostics

The construction and the performance of a double pass rapid scanning Fourier transform spectrometer are described. The instrument covers a frequency range below 900 GHz. It has a maximum spectral resolution of 6.6 GHz and a maximum time resolution of 10 msec. The spectrometer has been applied to JIPP T-II device at Institute of Plasma Physics in Nagoya University. Electron cyclotron emission from the device has been measured and the electron temperature of the plasma has been obtained. The results are shown.     

真空紫外成像光谱仪在空间科学中的应用与展望

真空紫外成像光谱仪是空间科学研究中重要的数据获取工具,通过对不同天体目标真空紫外辐射的观测,可以反演出天体中主要物质的含量和变化规律,从而为空间天气、宇宙起源等许多前沿科学提供研究资料.分析了真空紫外成像光谱仪在空间科学研究中的优势,介绍了国外发展概况,列举了日地空间环境观测、地外行星体观测和宇宙空间观测三个应用领域中...     

Spectroscopic measurements and terahertz imaging of the cornea using a rapid scanning terahertz time domain spectrometer

Spectroscopic measurements and terahertz imaging of the cornea are carried out by using a rapid scanning terahertz time domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS) system.A voice coil motor stage based optical delay line(VCM-ODL) is developed to provide a rather simple and robust structure with both the high scanning speed and the large delay length.The developed system is used for THz spectroscopic measurements and imaging of the corneal tissue with different amounts of water content,and the measurement results show the consistence with the reported results,in which the measurement time using VCM-ODL is a factor of 360 shorter than the traditional motorized optical delay line(MDL).With reducing the water content a monotonic decrease of the complex permittivity of the cornea is observed.The two-term Debye relaxation model is employed to explain our experimental results,revealing that the fast relaxation time of a dehydrated cornea is much larger than that of a hydrated cornea and its dielectric behavior can be affected by the presence of the biological macromolecules.These results demonstrate that our THz spectrometer may be a promising candidate for tissue hydration sensing and practical application of THz technology.     

Spectral focusing characteristics of a grazing-incidence flat-field grating spectrometer

The spectral focusing characteristics of a grazing-incidence flat-field spectrometer with a spherical variable-line-spacing grating in the 5－40nm spectral range are presented. The spectrometer can be used for any object at a distance in the 50mm－infinity range from the grating apex with a diffracted spectrum sharply focused on an almost flat focal plane at a constant distance from the grating apex.     

空间外差光谱仪干涉图滤波方法研究

在分析空间外差光谱仪干涉图生成及特点的基础上,提出了基于改进旋滤波的干涉图降噪方法。该方法是在干涉条纹的切线方向进行滤波,能够在不改变干涉图条纹细节的基础上减少干涉图中的随机噪声和暗斑噪声的影响。同时该方法还能有效降低平均光谱的背景噪声,提高特征光谱与背景噪声的信噪比,结果显示旋滤波方法对加入噪声前后干涉图的平均光谱背景噪声信噪比改善分别为47%和240%,能够将一些峰值较小的特征谱从背景噪声中提取出来,提高空间外差光谱技术对一些弱特征光谱的识别率。     

大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪中双通道Mach-Zehnder横向剪切干涉仪的设计

大孔径静态干涉成像光谱技术是一种时空联合调制的傅里叶变换成像光谱技术,其核心元件通常采用Sagnac横向剪切干涉仪。这种结构会使进入干涉仪的光线有一半沿原路返回,降低了能量利用率。文章提出一种改进型Mach-Zehnder横向剪切干涉仪结构,克服了能量利用率低的缺点,在实现横向剪切的同时,还具有双通道输出的优点。本文通过光线追迹的方法,得到剪切量的一般表达式,并分析了各种误差源对剪切量误差的贡献。为大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪的设计提供了新思路,可为该类型的成像光谱仪的设计与优化提供理论指导。     

成像光谱仪的光学系统设计

成像光谱仪是一种“图谱合一”的光学遥感仪器 ,以获取地球目标的详细光谱景像为目的 ,如陆地、海洋的辐射信息及大气等方面的监测等。成像光谱仪的特点是成像光谱段多、谱段不连续、位置重叠等 ,并同时存在有图像分辨率和光谱分辨率的问题 ,其光学系统是非常复杂的 ,且所要求的光谱分辨率比图像分辨率要高。详细介绍了成像光谱仪的光学系统原理、光学系统设计方法及组成部分。根据现有的技术条件 ,给出了合理的结构和设计结果 ,设计思想新颖适用     

Magnetic diagnostics of the fast transient events in tokamaks

Evolution of flux-conserving plasma equilibrium in tokamaks is analyzed. An expression is derived relating the variations of the plasma energy to the toroidal field changes outside the plasma.     

可移动激光质谱仪及在机动车尾气监测中的应用

激光质谱法是探测环境污染的新方法,它具有高灵敏度、高选择性、多组分和快速实时的特点.文中介绍了可移动激光质谱仪的系统结构、各部分功能以及主要技术指标,报道了该仪器研制设计过程中的某些关键技术问题,并给出了该仪器在机动车尾气监测中的一些实时在线探测结果.     

Characteristics of the magnetic analysis system for a compact MPR-type spectrometer

The magnetic proton recoil(MPR)spectrometer is a novel diagnostic instrument with high perfor-mance for measurements of neutron spectra in inertial confinement fusion(ICF)experiments and high power fusion devices.A compact MPR-type spectrometer dedicated to the research of pulsed deuterium-tritium(DT)neutron spectroscopy of special experimental conditions is currently under design.Analyses of the main parameters and performance of the magnetic analysis system through 3-D particle transport calculations and MonteCarlo simulations and calibration of the system performance as a test using CR-39 solid track detector and α particle from 239pu and 226Ra radioactive sources are presented in this paper.The results indicate that the magnetic analysis system will achieve a detection efficiency level of 10-5-10-4 at an energy resolution of 1.5%-2.1%,and fulfills the design goals of the spectrometer.     

采用AOTF技术的红外光谱仪的设计

介绍了采用AOTF技术的红外光谱仪的总体结构。讨论了单色系统和光谱接收系统的光学设计问题,以及单片机控制下的DDS频率 波长扫描电路和光谱信号相关检测电路。概述了PC机控制系统的组成和设计考虑。     

分光计调整实验中望远镜的调整技巧

在分光计的调整实验中,需要调整望远镜光轴与分光计的中心轴垂直,这一步是最关键、最困难的步骤．对于实验中经常出现的只能观察到一个“十”字叉丝反射像的问题,从光路上进行了详细的分析,提出了一个新的简单有效的调整方法,还给出了调整望远镜的完整流程图．     

Characteristics of the magnetic analysis system for a compact MPR-type spectrometer

The magnetic proton recoil（MPR）spectrometer is a novel diagnostic instrument with high perfor-mance for measurements of neutron spectra in inertial confinement fusion（ICF）experiments and high power fusion devices.A compact MPR-type spectrometer dedicated to the research of pulsed deuterium-tritium（DT）neutron spectroscopy of special experimental conditions is currently under design.Analyses of the main parameters and performance of the magnetic analysis system through 3-D particle transport calculations and MonteCarlo simulations and calibration of the system performance as a test using CR-39 solid track detector and α particle from 239pu and 226Ra radioactive sources are presented in this paper.The results indicate that the magnetic analysis system will achieve a detection efficiency level of 10-5-10-4 at an energy resolution of 1.5%-2.1%,and fulfills the design goals of the spectrometer.     

中子三轴谱仪的原理、技术与应用

中子作为一种具有独特性质的亚原子粒子,在很多研究领域都具有重要且无法替代的优势.中子三轴谱仪通过能量守恒和动量守恒原理就可以测量某一系统的弹性或非弹性散射性质,从而获得该系统的结构或动力学信息.中子三轴谱仪得名于其3个核心部分:单色器、样品和分析器,每一部分都可以独立转动.由于三轴谱仪在物理学尤其是凝聚态物理学研究中所发挥的重要作用,中国科学院物理研究所将联合中国原子能科学研究院,在后者新建成的中国先进研究堆搭建一台现代化的热中子三轴谱仪.文章结合该谱仪,介绍了中子三轴谱仪的基本原理、技术以及应用范围.     

偏振干涉成像光谱仪的视场展宽设计与分析

为了在较大视场范围内获得干涉直条纹以提高干涉数据的提取精度,设计了一种基于组合Savart板的宽场偏振干涉成像光谱仪.组合Savart板由正负晶体制作的两个Savart板组合而成.文中推出了组合Savart板的光程差和横向剪切量与入射角的理论表达式,并给出了具体设计实例.计算机模拟分析结果表明,在光谱分辨率和晶体总厚度相同的前提下,组合式Savart板获得干涉直条纹的视场是传统Savart偏光镜视场的10倍. 关键词： 偏振成像光谱仪 Savart板 光程差 视场     

窗扫型成像光谱仪数据处理及误差校正研究

窗扫型傅里叶变换成像光谱仪具有高光通量和无动镜等特点,同时也增加了数据处理的难度,需要对采集的原始干涉图进行重组。通过对其数据处理流程特点的分析,设计了一种归一化算法,对由干涉图重组时产生的误差进行了校正,并对在数据采集过程中干涉图的中心暗纹位置的采样误差进行了二次曲线拟合校正。整个数据处理过程实现了从干涉数据立方体到光谱数据立方体的变换。从理论分析和实验结果的比较中验证了误差校正方法的有效性。     

利用光栅光谱仪研究乙醇汽油溶液的吸收特性

利用WGD-8A型多功能光栅光谱仪测量了不同汽油体积含量的乙醇汽油溶液对波长为300.0～430.0 nm光的吸收光谱,分析了乙醇汽油吸光度和汽油浓度的关系,在稀溶液吸光度的朗伯-比尔定律基础上,进一步研究了2种高浓度混合溶液吸光度的计算方法,并得出了入射光波长为377.0,382.0,391.5,410.9 nm时乙醇汽油的吸光度与汽油体积浓度的关系式.     

Development of a dedicated isotope mass spectrometer for the noninvasive diagnostics of humans infected with Helicobacter Pylori

A dedicated isotope mass spectrometer for the noninvasive diagnostics of humans infected with Helicobacter Pylori using the isotope respiratory test is developed. A low-aberration mass analyzer is calculated, an input system that makes it possible to eliminate the memory effects is developed, and a small-size ion detector is constructed. The mass spectrometer is created, and the tests are performed. The measurement accuracy of the ¹³C/¹²C and ¹⁶O/¹⁸O isotope ratios are 1.7 and 2.2‰, respectively. Preliminary medical tests show that the spectrometer can be employed for the desired diagnostics.     

平面晶体谱仪弯曲谱线波长定标方法

为了满足激光等离子体X射线光谱测量的需要,提出了一种利用平面晶体谱仪记录得到的弯曲谱线来进行波长标定的新方法。传统的参考谱线法需要已知两条以上谱线的确切波长才能进行波长标定,而利用弯曲谱线可以在不知道任何谱线信息的情况下进行波长标定。通过对实验中所获得的铝等离子体He自发射谱线弯曲图像的分析,得到在目前所使用的谱仪条件下,该方法的波长定标精度可以达到210-4 nm。     

用于水果品质检测的小型成像光谱仪

利用成像光谱可同时获得水果的成像信息和光谱信息,实现水果外部和内部品质的高精度、无损伤、无污染的大面积瞬态检测。为了获得水果的成像光谱,设计了一种以自主研发的凸面光栅作为核心元件的小型成像光谱仪,它具有成像质量好、体积小、重量轻等优点,光谱分辨率在578nm波长处达2.1nm,光谱谱线弯曲和色畸变均小于0.6%。对该小型成像光谱仪进行了检测和苹果成像光谱测量实验,结果表明:该成像光谱仪满足设计要求且可以快速的获得苹果的高精度成像光谱,从而进行水果的品质检测。