GC/MS analysis of three Amaryllidaceae species and their cholinesterase activity

Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the death of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex, is the most common subtype of dementia. Despite the exponential growth in the number of AD patients, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are currently used to treat AD. Plants of the Amaryllidaceae family are known to synthesize a particular type of bioactive compounds, named Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, which have shown AChE inhibitory activity. Alkaloid extracts of three species of Amaryllidaceae were studied with respect to their acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity and alkaloid patterns. Eleven alkaloids were identified by GC/MS. Significant cholinesterase inhibitory activity was demonstrated by the alkaloid extract of N. undulata (IC50,(HuAChE) = 14.3 +/- 1.2 microg/mL; IC50,(HuBuChE) = 33.9 +/- 1.9 microg/mL).     

Alkaloids from some species of Papaver and Roemeria,and the structure of Fugapavine

Summary Papaver cumrautatum Fisch. et Mey contains papaverine. FromPapaver fugax Poir we isolated armepavine, floripavine, and two new alkaloids, (+)-isoroemerine and fugapavine, which is 5,6-(methylenedioxy)-3-oxoaporphine.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 502–509, March, 1965     

Analysis of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids from Chlidanthus fragrans by GC-MS and their cholinesterase activity

The underivatized alkaloid mixture extracted from the bulbs of Chlidanthus fragrans Herb. was investigated by capillary GC/MS for the first time. Fifteen known Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of five structure types were identified. The main alkaloids were tazzetine (9, tazettine-type), chlidanthine (2, galanthamine-type), belladine (8, belladine-type) and lycorine (12, lycorine-type). The alkaloid extract from the bulbs showed promising human blood acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 20.1 +/- 2.9 microg/mL) and human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 = 136.8 +/- 6.9 microg/mL) inhibitory activity.     

Volatiles from steam-distilled leaves of some plant species from Madagascar and New Zealand and evaluation of their biological activity

Steam-distilled aerial parts of Ravensara aromatica and Cinnamomum camphora from Madagascar and Leptospermum scoparium from New Zealand have been subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis by means of GC techniques. This allowed the elucidation of conflicting data present in the available literature for these species. Also, the biological activity in vitro was evaluated by measuring MICs and GIZs.     

3-苯甲酰基香显素类化合物的合成及胆碱酯酶抑制活性研究

以2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰氯为原料合成2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰乙酸乙酯2a.以水杨醛类化合物与苯甲酰乙酸乙酯类化合物,六氢吡啶为催化剂在乙醇中发生环合反应,合成了8个3-苯甲酰基类化合物4a-4h,所有的化合物只需要重结晶纯化,就能得到纯度较高的目标产物.所有目标化合物均经过~(13)C NMR,~(1 )H NMR,ESI-MS对其进行了结构确认.在412 nm处,通过紫外分光光度测定化合物对乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性.     

Alkaloids of some species of the genusBerberis introduced into the Crimea

Chemistry of Natural Compounds -     

Isolation and cholinesterase activity of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids from Nerine bowdenii

Amaryllidaceae species are known as ornamental plants. Some contain galanthamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The chemical composition of the alkaloid extract of bulbs of Nerine bowdenii Watson has been analyzed by means of GC/MS. Twenty-two compounds were detected and nineteen of them identified, one of which was belladine. The alkaloid extract showed promising cholinesterase inhibitory activities against human blood acetylcholinesterase (HuAChE; IC50 = 87.9 +/- 3.5 microg/mL) and human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (HuBuChE; IC50 = 14.8 +/- 1.1 microg/mL). Belladine inhibited HuAChE and HuBuChE in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 781 +/- 12.5 microM and 284.8 +/-4.2 microM, respectively.     

New steroidal alkaloids from Fritillaria imperialis and their cholinesterase inhibiting activities

Two new cevanine steroidal alkaloids, impericine (1) and forticine (2) along with known bases delavine (3), persicanidine A (4), and imperialine (5) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria imperialis. The structures of impericine (1) [(20R,22S,25S)-5alpha-cevanin-23-ene-3beta,6beta,16beta-triol] and forticine (2) [(20S,22S,25S)-5alpha-cevanine-3beta,6beta-diol] were determined with the help of spectroscopic studies. These steroidal bases showed anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.     

Mass-spectrometric study of some cholinesterase substrates

Conclusions The fundamental directions of mass spectrometric decomposition of molecular ions of the complex esters of N-(-hydroxyethyl) anabasine and cytisine are related to the homolytic rupture of the ethylene bridge between the amine and complex-ester portions of the molecule and the McLafferty rearrangement.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1823–1827, August, 1980.     

Alkaloids from Croton flavens L. and their affinities to GABA-receptors

Phytochemical investigation of several plants of Croton flavens L. from Barbados has led to the isolation of the tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids scoulerine and coreximine, as well as the morphinanedienones salutaridine and its racemic form salutarine, sebiferine, norsinoacutine and flavinantine. In a screening for 3H-GABA displacing activity coreximine showed the highest affinity to the GABA(A) receptor.     

Alkaloids from the endophytic fungus Penicillium brefeldianum and their cytotoxic activities

One new indoloditerpene,6,7-dehydropaxilline(1),one new indole-diketopiperazine,spirotryprostatin F(2),and one new 13-membered macrolide,N-demethylmelearoride A(3),as well as 8 known alkaloids(4-11),were isolated from the solid cultures of the endophytic fungus,Penicillium brefeidianum.The structures and absolute configurations of compounds 1-3 were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis and the circular dichroism(CD) exciton chirality method.All the metablites were evaluated for their cytotoxic activites against three human tumor cell lines.Compound 2 exhibited cytotoxicities against HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cells with IC_(50) values of 14.1 μmol/L and 35.5μmol/L,respectively.Compound 3 showed moderate activity against HepG2 cells with IC_(50) values of 36.6 μmol/L.     

Two New Benzazepine Alkaloids from Thalictrum wangii and their Anti-Rotavirus Activity

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - Two new benzazepine alkaloids (1 and 2) were isolated from the whole plants of Thalictrum wangii. Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and...     

Two New Aporphine Alkaloids from Amoora cucullata and their Antibacterial Activity

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - Two new aporphine alkaloids, amocurines D and E (1 and 2), together with five known compounds (3–7), were isolated from the stems of Amoora cucullata. The...     

Alkaloids and their phosphorylated derivatives as regulators of the catalytic activity of insect cholinesterases

The results are given of structural—functional investigations of a number of alkaloids and their derivatives as regulators of the activity of the cholinesterases of various harmful insects.A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 62 70 71. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 183–187, March–April, 1995. Original article submitted October 24, 1994.