Dependence of tracking error characteristics on objective lens shift for in-line-type differential push-pull methods using segmented gratings

In this paper, we present the validity of in-line-type differential push-pull methods using segmented gratings with respect to the radial shift of an objective lens by numerical calculation for the first time. In these differential push-pull methods, the segmented gratings for generating sub spots are divided into two to four regions each with a specific phase value and a width. Tracking error signals are calculated with respect to the objective lens shift under parameter conditions of the widths of the segmented regions. The obtained results show that the grating of the simpler configuration with two regions reveals good compatibility between DVD-R and DVD-RAM compared with those with three or four regions     

A comparison of the optical path and differential equation methods for optically thin phase gratings

It is shown that the optical path method may lead to an approximate solution of the wave equation valid under a wide range of conditions for slanted phase gratings of arbitrary profile. Analytic solutions are given for sinusoidal and sawtooth gratings, and the accuracy of the approximations is checked by comparison with numerical solutions. The conditions under which sawtooth gratings may yield 100% efficiency are clarified.     

压电驱动器布置对光栅拼接误差的影响

分析了两种光栅拼接调整机构（三角形和L形）,利用有限元分析软件对这两种光栅调整机构进行了模态分析和优化分析设计。相同光栅尺寸下（以口径为450 mm420 mm60 mm光栅为例）,驱动器三角形分布的固有频率与L形分布的固有频率相差无几,一阶频率分别为58.816 Hz和58.864 Hz。对两种驱动器布置方式引入的误差进行了分析比较,计算结果表明:三角形调整机构的最大误差比L形的大,同时三角形分布控制算法较L形的复杂。在主动控制中三角形模型误差迭代次数多,不利于控制。因此L形的压电驱动器布置方式优于三角形。     

The characteristics of NRD waveguide gratings

The filter characteristic of NRD waveguide grating is investigated rigorously by combining network approach with mode matching theory. Numerical examples are shown and compared with experiment results.This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Antireflective characteristics of triangular shaped gratings

The antireflection properties of triangular shaped gratings are studied by a combination of the effective medium theory and the anisotropic thin-film theory. The triangular shaped structures are analyzed as a function of grating period, filling factor, and groove depth, and the antireflective characteristics are also studied when visible-infrared light is incident upon them. Numerical examples are given for gratings on glass substrate with refractive index of 1.5. The results show that this kind of grating is capable of reducing reflections, and could achieve very low reflectivity over a wide field of view and a wide waveband by choosing appropriate parameters.     

Diffraction characteristics of planar absorption gratings

Planar (co)sinusoidal conductivity (absorption) transmission gratings are analyzed using rigorous coupled-wave theory. The first-order and higher-order diffraction efficiencies are determined over the entire range of possible conductivities and Bragg angles of incidence (or equivalently, grating periods) for H-mode polarization incident plane waves. The maximum possible first diffracted order efficiency is found to be 5.26%. Rigorous results are compared to approximate results from the Raman-Nath theory and the two-wave first-order coupled-wave (Kogelnik) theory. A regime parameter, , is defined which delineates the regions of Raman-Nath diffraction behavior ( < 1) and the region of two-wave first-order diffraction theory behavior ( > 1). Likewise, the angular selectivity characteristics of conductivity gratings are determined from rigorous theory and are compared with corresponding results from approximate theory.     

级联长周期光纤光栅的光谱特性研究

级联长周期光纤光栅的透射谱具有干涉峰的振幅大、谱型丰富等优点。利用传输矩阵法分析了级联及相移长周期光栅的光谱特性,研究了级联光栅间距、位置和相移对光栅谱的影响,并对级联及相移长周期光栅谱进行了比较。结果表明:两者光谱特性在光栅间距长度与光栅周期之比较小或级联位置靠近光栅两端时具有较强的一致性。对相移长周期光栅而言,当引入多个相移时,两个主阻带间的通带宽度随着引入的相移个数的增多而逐渐变宽。     

单程拼接光栅压缩池系统中光栅缝隙的衍射效应

利用傅里叶光学方法，建立了一个基于远场的高斯光束数学模型.该模型能够分析单程拼接光栅压缩池系统中拼接光栅的缝隙对远场时空特性的影响.数值模拟得到了不同系统参数时远场时空特性关于缝隙宽度的变化曲线.揭示了光栅缝隙对远场的影响规律：对于双光栅拼接的压缩池系统，若只是压缩池中第二块光栅为拼接光栅，则光栅缝隙导致远场时域略微变窄；若压缩池中的两块光栅都是拼接光栅，则缝隙导致远场时域展宽或者变窄，依赖于入射脉冲的傅里叶变换极限型脉宽大小；光栅缝隙对于远场强度分布的影响是导致中央主峰能量下降，并且出现两个子峰，子峰的峰值随缝宽的增大而增大.     

Propagation characteristics of a segmented cladding fiber

We propose a novel optical fiber design that consists of a uniform core and a segmented cladding formed by alternate regions of high and low refractive indices in the azimuthal direction. The structure is analyzed by use of the radial effective-index method, and the propagation characteristics of the structure are studied. The fiber has a highly dispersive cladding and shows characteristics similar to those of photonic-crystal fibers and holey fibers. The novel fiber offers the possibility of single-mode operation over a wide range of wavelengths with a large core diameter.     

亚微米光栅零级衍射特性的数值研究

用耦合波理论分析了亚微米光栅对光波场的衍射作用,给出了在TE和TM偏振入射条件下矩阵形式的耦合波方程,研究了光栅在TE偏振入射条件下可见光波段内的反射和透射零级衍射特性。亚微米光栅零级衍射效率是波长、偏振和入射角的函数,在不同照明、观察和光栅参数条件下,光栅零级衍射具有非常复杂的光谱结构,经过适当的优化光栅参数,零级衍射具有许多独特的衍射特性,在许多应用领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

高密度光盘循轨伺服中盘片径向倾斜的影响分析

基于标量衍射理论,根据实际光盘的参数,对数字多用途光盘(DVD光盘)的循轨行为进行了分析。在此基础上,针对盘片产生径向倾斜的情况引入了倾斜参数,对盘片模型进行了补充。对光盘的径向倾斜误差和系统循轨伺服的交叉影响进行了分析和讨论。     

基于AR模型搜索迭代算法的望远镜跟踪误差分析

在大口径光学望远镜观测星体目标时,其跟踪误差主要由风载引起的望远镜跟踪抖动误差和大气湍流引起的跟踪误差组成.建立了望远镜跟踪误差的简化分析模型,提出了一种采用AR模型迭代算法将风载引起的望远镜跟踪抖动误差和大气湍流引起的跟踪误差分离的新方法,并在1.8 m望远镜上进行了实验验证.结果表明,风载引起的望远镜跟踪抖动误差与风向和风速直接相关,实验结果与理论分析比较符合.     

Covariant methods for calculating differential cross sections and polarization characteristics of reactions

A covariant method for calculating reaction amplitudes in the diagonal spin basis is presented. In this basis, amplitudes represent the spin kinematics of the interacting particles in the simplest and most adequate manner. A matrix is obtained such that differential cross sections for polarized particles and amplitude combinations that are required to calculate various polarization characteristics of reactions can be expressed in an arbitrary basis in terms of the amplitudes calculated in one basis.     

高密度光盘径向倾斜对DPD循轨误差信号影响分析

根据高密度光盘参数 ,计算了聚焦光斑在光盘表面扫描过程中每个位置的光瞳光强分布 ,得到DPD(Differ entialPhaseDetection)循轨误差信号。考虑盘片的径向倾斜 ,在光瞳光强分布方程中引入盘片的径向倾斜角度参数 ,计算了高密度盘片产生径向倾斜时DPD循轨误差信号的变化 ,进而分析了盘片的径向倾斜引入的循轨伺服误差及其对循轨伺服的负面影响。结果表明 ,高密度盘片产生 0 .5°的径向倾斜相当于引入了 0 .0 12 μm的循轨误差     

双体布拉格光栅光谱反馈特性的理论研究

基于Kogelnik理论模型,以平面波为入射光,分析了双体布拉格光栅（VBG）的反馈特性。理论分析表明,采用双VBG结构,通过控制两个VBG的中心波长差,可以使光栅反馈的效率提高,带宽加宽。对于由两块带宽100 pm、衍射效率20%的VBG组成的双VBG反馈系统,中心波长相同时,衍射效率最大（33.3%）;中心波长相差84 pm时,其带宽为单VBG带宽的1.8倍（180 pm）。由于VBG的中心波长存在温度漂移特性,因此通过改变双VBG结构中VBG的温度可以实现衍射效率和带宽的改变,为泵浦源的优化提供有效可行的方法。     

双体布拉格光栅光谱反馈特性的理论研究

基于Kogelnik理论模型,以平面波为入射光,分析了双体布拉格光栅（VBG）的反馈特性。理论分析表明,采用双VBG结构,通过控制两个VBG的中心波长差,可以使光栅反馈的效率提高,带宽加宽。对于由两块带宽100 pm、衍射效率20%的VBG组成的双VBG反馈系统,中心波长相同时,衍射效率最大（33.3%）;中心波长相差84 pm时,其带宽为单VBG带宽的1.8倍（180 pm）。由于VBG的中心波长存在温度漂移特性,因此通过改变双VBG结构中VBG的温度可以实现衍射效率和带宽的改变,为泵浦源的优化提供有效可行的方法。     

校正空间分块镜复位误差所需的最少自由度的确定

可收展式分块镜共相位成像技术是实现光学系统超大口径、超高分辨率成像的关键技术。分块镜复位误差会引起各子镜之间的共相位误差和整个拼接镜面的面形误差。合理确定校正分块镜复位误差所需的自由度具有非常重要的意义。计算机仿真分析了分块镜的复位误差对拼接镜面面形误差的影响。结果表明,所需的校正自由度的个数不仅与展开机构的复位精度有关,而且与分块镜镜面的几何参数有关。     

用于拼接子镜相位误差检测的低相干光谱干涉系统分析

针对大口径望远镜拼接式主镜,提出一种基于迈克尔逊干涉原理的低相干光谱干涉检测系统.应用该系统对拼接子镜间相位失调误差进行实时检测,进而对失调子镜进行相应校正,以实现拼接子镜的共面排布.子镜间相位误差通过干涉图形间的不匹配性进行提取.给出了该低相干光谱干涉检测系统的具体结构,叙述了该干涉检测系统的检测原理.针对该系统的干涉条纹对比度V及系统的最低信噪比SNRdBmin进行了分析,论证了通过该低相干光谱干涉检测系统进行子镜间相位误差检测的可行性.