Isolation and General Properties of Cotton Extensin-Like Proteins

Extensin-like proteins (ELP) from 2-day sprouts and suspended cotton culture were isolated and characterized.__________Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 63–65, January–February, 2005.     

Proteins of Bare - and Downy-Seeded Cotton Varieties

An investigation of the composition of fiber-forming proteins and enzymes established a correlation between the degree of seed downiness in genetic cotton varieties and enzyme activity.     

Effect of Extensin - Like Cotton Proteins on Eukaryotic Cell Gene

The effect of extensin-like cotton proteins (ELP) on animal cell gene (KML cell culture) was studied. Cells perish (50%) at protein dose 100 g/mL (cytotoxic effect). DNA fragmentation is not observed. Cell death from ELP is hypothesized to occur via necrosis resulting from destruction of intracellular biochemical processes     

Structure - Function Relationship of Extensin - Like Cotton Proteins

The structure-function relationship of extensin-like proteins (ELP) of cotton is studied by molecular modeling. The antiproliferative activity of deglycosylated ELP on a cell culture of KML murine melanoma is shown to be more expressed than the activity of the ELP themselves.     

Components of Certain Species of the Elaeagnaceae Family

Data from the last 50 years for various classes of compounds from certain plant species of the oleaster (Elaeagnaceae) family are reviewed     

Proteins responsible for seed pubescence of cotton genetic lines

The activities of fiber-forming enzymes (glucansynthetase, peroxidase, cellulase) from smooth- and pubescent-seeded cotton were compared. Protein inhibitor from the smooth-seeded line was isolated and studied. One of the aspects of the mechanism regulating growth and differentiating epidermal cotton ovule cells into fiber was investigated. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 394–396, July–August, 2008.     

肿瘤标志蛋白的电化学分析

随着单克隆抗体技术和免疫学检测技术的不断发展,对癌症相关的肿瘤标志蛋白进行检测分析成为目前癌症早期筛查和诊断最为重要的手段。另一方面,随着分子识别与界面组装技术的发展,电化学检测技术在生物分析领域展现出一些独特的优势,比如操作简单、易于小型化、成本低、灵敏度高等。尤其是近年来,由于特异性结合肿瘤标志蛋白的各种抗体、适体、小分子多肽等被筛选出来,各种纳米材料和纳米技术在电化学分析检测中的应用不断被发掘,新型分子标记技术、界面组装技术以及信号放大技术不断被开发和应用,因此,电化学检测技术在肿瘤标志蛋白的定量分析方面获得了空前的发展机遇,发展极为迅速。本文结合作者所在实验室的一些代表性成果对近年来该领域的研究进展给予简短综述,并对未来的发展前景进行展望。     

分子生物学手段检测转Bt基因棉花中Cry杀虫蛋白的定性和定量方法

建立了转Bt基因棉花中Cry杀虫蛋白的提取、样品前处理以及酶联免疫(ELISA)定量分析方法,并使用凝胶电泳、普通聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和实时荧光定量PCR等分子生物学手段对转基因棉花中的Bt基因进行定性和定量检测.所建立的苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫晶体蛋白(Cry1Ab蛋白和Cry1Ac蛋白)标准曲线线性关系良好,相关系数r2均大于0.999,相对标准偏差RSD均小于2.0%.方法简单、快速、重现性和精密度好,可为农业食品行业和环境领域科研人员提供一种简便快速地从转基因棉花中检测Bt毒蛋白的分析方法.     

Diglycyrrhizates, Regulators of Cotton Cellulose Formation

The influence of diglycyrrhizic acid derivatives on the activity of enzymes involved in cotton-fiber formation was investigated. Salts of diglycyrrhizic acid containing zinc, sodium, and cobalt were demonstrated to act as stimulants. It has been found that diglycyrrhizates can be used as cotton-fiber formation regulators.     

Bioorthogonal Conjugation Directed by a Sugar‐Sorting Pathway for Continual Tracking of Stressed Organelles

Selective and continuous tracking of dynamic organelles is crucial for modern biology. We herein report a ship‐in‐a‐bottle strategy for tagging lysosomes by a strain‐promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition to couple a pH sensor (RC) with mannose‐6‐carboxylate (M6C) actively transported into lysosomes through cell sorting. In contrast to classical acidotropic sensors, which are prone to dissipate from lysosomes, M6C‐RC formed in situ is stably trapped in lysosomes without resort to lysosomal acidity and exhibits “always‐on” blue fluorescence to pinpoint lysosomes and red‐to‐blue fluorescence ratios indicative of the lysosomal pH value. These advantages enable tracking of stressed lysosomes, and necrosis to be differentiated from apoptosis on the basis of lysosomal pH changes. The cell‐sorting‐mediated bioorthogonal tagging strategy offers a new route to track stressed organelles with disrupted physiological organelle–probe affinity.     

Identification of IAA-Oxidase in Peroxidase Isoforms from Cotton Leaves

IAA-oxidase from peroxidase of cotton leaves was identified and isolated. It was shown that IAA-oxidase is bound with ³=H-IAA with K_d2x10^-6 M. The binding is reversible, saturated, and inhibited by naphthylacetic acid and benzidine.     

三种离子液体的合成及其对棉纤维素溶解性能的比较研究

合成了三种含有羧基或醚基的离子液体, 1-羧甲基-3-乙基咪唑氯化物([CmEIM]Cl)、1-甲氧乙基-3-乙基咪唑氯化物([C2OC1-EIM]Cl)和1-[2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙基]-3-乙基咪唑氯化物([Cl-C2OC2-EIM]Cl), 用FT-IR和1H NMR对它们的化学结构进行了表征. 测定并比较了这三种离子液体对棉纤维素的溶解能力, 并用FT-IR, SEM和XRD研究了溶解前和再生后纤维素的化学结构、形貌及晶体结构的变化. 结果表明, 在三种离子液体中, [C2OC1-EIM]Cl对棉纤维素的溶解性最好. 在溶解过程中, 随着温度的升高, 纤维素在离子液体中的溶解度增加, 但聚合度下降, 特别是在[Cl-C2OC2-EIM]Cl中溶解时, 纤维素的聚合度下降最严重. 研究结果表明, 含羧基的离子液体会由于分子间氢键的缔合作用降低其对纤维素的溶解性. 侧基较大的离子液体对纤维素的溶解性也较差.     

蛋白质在疏水色谱法中的热行为

考察了一系列标准蛋白质在疏水色谱法中的热行为;研究了柱温变化对蛋白质和小分子保留值的影响。实验结果表明,每个蛋白质的保留值－温度曲线上都有一个固定的热变性转变温度。在这个温度以下,除热稳定性较高的溶菌酶外,蛋白质的保留值都随柱温的升高而线性地增加。在转变温度以上,保留值随柱温升高会迅速增大或减小。与蛋白质相反,小分子的保留值随柱温的升高会不断地减小。研究了柱温变化对酶活性的影响,并与酶的静态热失活进行了比较。发现仅在室温下疏水色谱法才具有温和的分离条件,在较高柱温下疏水固定相可以诱导蛋白质变性。     

Gel Permeation for the On Line Removal of Proteins from Plasma Samples Prior to HPLC

Abstract

Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) has been investigated for the on line removal of proteins from plasma samples prior to their analysis by HPLC. The results show that GPC is a mild and effective way to remove proteins from plasma samples. It can very well be coupled on line to HPLC, providing the solutes are suitable for preconcentration on the analytical column itself or on a small pre-column, after the GPC. Under these conditions excellent reproducibility and accuracy can be obtained.     

Proteinase of germinated cotton seeds

A scheme has been developed to isolate and purify proteinase D from 3-day germinated cotton seeds. The physicochemical properties and substrate specificity were studied. It is found that cysteinic proteinase D cleaves auxiliary proteins to low-molecular-weight peptides and free amino acids.S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances. Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Tashkent, fax (99871) 120 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 249–251, May–June, 2000.     

Electroactivity of Nonconjugated Proteins and Peptides. Towards Electroanalysis of All Proteins

Present proteomics and biomedicine require sensitive analytical methods for all proteins. Recent progress in electrochemical analysis of peptides and proteins based on their intrinsic electroactivity is reviewed. Tyrosine and/or tryptophan‐containing proteins are oxidizable at carbon electrodes. At mercury electrodes all peptides and proteins (about 13 peptides and >25 proteins were tested) produce chronopotentiometric peak H at nanomolar concentrations. This peak is sensitive to changes in protein structure. Microliter sample volumes are sufficient for the analysis. Electrochemical methods can be used in studies of nucleic acid‐protein interactions and can be applied in biomedicine. Examples of such applications in neurogenerative diseases and cancer are presented.     

Mass Spectrometry-Based Identification of Bioactive Bee Pollen Proteins: Evaluation of Allergy Risk after Bee Pollen Supplementation

Bee pollen, because of its high content of nutrients, is a very valuable medicinal and nutritional product. However, since its composition is not completely studied, the consumption of this product may cause adverse effects, including allergic reactions. Therefore, this study aimed to discover and characterize the bioactive proteins of bee pollen collected in Poland, focusing mainly on the allergens. For this purpose, the purified and concentrated pollen aqueous solutions were analyzed using the nanoLC-MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analytical platform. As a result of the experiments, 197 unique proteins derived from green plants (Viridiplantae) and 10 unique proteins derived from bees (Apis spp.) were identified. Among them, potential plant allergens were discovered. Moreover, proteins belonging to the group of hypothetical proteins, whose expression had not been confirmed experimentally before, were detected. Because of the content of bioactive compounds—both beneficial and harmful—there is a critical need to develop guidelines for standardizing bee pollen, especially intended for consumption or therapeutic purposes. This is of particular importance because awareness of the allergen content of bee pollen and other bee products can prevent health- or life-threatening incidents following the ingestion of these increasingly popular “superfoods”.