糖尿病人血清的表面增强拉曼光谱

研究了糖尿病人和正常人血清的表面增强拉曼光谱。糖尿病人血清中蛋白质主链酰胺Ⅱ的C—N伸缩振动的谱线位移到1 585 cm-1,相对强度增加了14%,酰胺Ⅵ的谱线593 cm-1相对强度减少了33%。蛋白质侧链色氨酸吲哚环 “埋藏式”的谱线1 368 cm-1位移到“暴露式”的1 365 cm-1,且相对强度减少了59%;侧链C—S键的扭曲构象的谱线635 cm-1相对强度减少了15%,而反式构象的谱线725 cm-1增加了58%, 说明C—S键的扭曲构象部分转变为反式构象,表明糖尿病人血清中蛋白质的有序结构发生变化;类脂物特征峰1 449 cm-1相对强度增加了58%,与糖类有关的特征峰谱线1 331,1 099和740 cm-1相对强度分别增加了35%,100％和62%, 从而表明糖尿病人血清中与脂类和糖蛋白有关的物质含量增加。上述拉曼特征峰为糖尿病的诊断以及生化机理研究提供了有力的实验依据。     

胆红素络合物的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

本文通过对近红外激发傅里叶变换拉曼光谱(NIR-FT-Raman)与表面增强拉曼散射(Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,SERS)技术的联用,测得胆红素及其络合物Na2BR,CaBR与CuBR在银溶胶中的SERS光谱.结果表明,这一类与胆结石密切相关的生物分子络合物具有不同的配位方式,且在银胶表面采取不同的吸附取向,并从配位化学角度初步解释了黑色结石的黑色成因.     

表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测毒品海洛因

荧光的干扰使得毒品海洛因难以直接进行拉曼光谱检测。本文将表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)技术引入到毒品海洛因的快速检测,首次获得它的表面增强拉曼特征峰。采用此法成功检测了来自海关的20批毒品海洛因样品,对其它粉末的检测中没有出现误报现象。这表明表面增强拉曼光谱可用于对海洛因的准确检测。     

远程增强拉曼光谱技术及其应用

远程痕量检测技术在公共安全、环境监测、军事战争等领域具有重要的应用前景.拉曼光谱作为一种分子散射光谱,具有指纹识别、无损检测等优势,在远程痕量检测中前景广阔.本文综述了远程增强拉曼光谱技术及其应用.首先,从发展历程、关键技术和技术联用等角度综合分析了远程拉曼光谱检测系统;其次,简要介绍了近场增强拉曼光谱的原理及典型增强...     

表面增强拉曼光谱在反恐中的应用

表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)技术以对样本检测快速、灵敏、无破坏性等众多优点,在分析生化样本成分方面有着非常重要而广泛的应用。因此,SERS技术在反恐军事领域必将发挥重要的应用。本文重点对SERS技术在生物化学战和应对恐怖袭击中的重要应用进行了详尽地分析讨论,并对其发展趋势作了展望。     

结合多变量统计分析肝癌氧合血红蛋白表面增强拉曼光谱

采用二维纳米结构银膜作为基底,检测了30例肝癌患者和30例健康人氧合血红蛋白表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)谱。利用主成分分析(PCA)结合独立变量t检验建立SERS光谱诊断多元统计算法模型,并用判别分析方法对此统计算法的诊断效果进行评价。实验结果表明,肝癌患者与健康人氧合血红蛋白SERS光谱有明显区别。采用PCA分析结合独立变量t检验统计分析方法得出SERS光谱PCA得分三维散点图可以很好的区分健康人和肝癌患者。利用判别分析方法得出该统计算法诊断肝癌的特异性和灵敏度分别为90%和96.7%,总判别正确率为93.3%。与健康人相比,肝癌患者氧合血红蛋白中吡咯环的呼吸振动模式的数量、酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸的含量相对偏低。研究结果表明,氧合血红蛋白SERS光谱统计分析有望发展成为一种新型的肝癌诊断工具。     

腐殖酸表面增强拉曼光谱实验研究

腐殖酸(简称HA)广泛存在于海洋、河流和土壤中,腐殖酸的研究对于土壤和水系的环境监测具有重要意义。采用银溶胶作为活性基底对腐殖酸的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)开展了实验研究,研究了激光照射时间、腐殖酸溶液浓度及pH值变化对腐殖酸溶液表面增强拉曼光谱的影响。结果表明,当激光照射20～30min时腐殖酸SERS信号比较理想;利用不同浓度腐殖酸溶液1 379cm-1拉曼谱峰的强度进行定标分析,腐殖酸SERS信号强度与浓度呈很好的线性关系,线性相关系数R2=0.993;pH值变化对腐殖酸溶液SERS光谱有较大影响,在pH 7的时候信号最弱,而在酸性和碱性环境中信号较强。最后本文还利用表面增强拉曼光谱对自来水中的腐殖酸进行了探测,初步证明了表面增强拉曼光谱应用于自然水体中腐殖酸检测的可行性。     

拉曼光谱及其在现代科技中的应用

 认识拉曼光谱1928年印度实验物理学家拉曼发现了光的一种类似于康普顿效应的光散射效应,称为拉曼效应。简单地说就是光通过介质时由于入射光与分子运动之间相互作用而引起的光频率改变。拉曼因此获得1930年的诺贝尔物理学奖,成为第一个获得这一奖项并且没有接受过西方教育的亚洲人。拉曼散射遵守如下规律:散射光中在每条原始入射谱线(频率为ν0)两侧对称地伴有频率为ν0+νi(i=1,2,3,…)的谱线,长波一侧的谱线称红伴线或斯托克斯线,短波一侧的谱线称紫伴线或反斯托克斯线;频率差νi与入射光频率ν0无关,由散射物质的性质决定,每种散射物质都有自己特定的频率差,其中有些与介质的红外吸收频率相一致。     

Propagating surface plasmon polaritons for remote excitation surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy

To illustrate the attractive potentials of remote-excitation surface enhanced Raman scattering (RE-SERS), we review the fundamental concepts and typical applications of propagating surface plasmon polaritons (PSPPs). Based on the RE-SERS technic, the adsorbed molecules are protected from being directly illuminated, while the merits of SERS still remained. However, the critical limitations of applying RE-SERS hinder its rapid development. Hence, drawing an overview about the PSPPs would be beneficial for further promoting the significance of RE-SERS in biological application and investigating the mechanism of surface catalytic reactions.     

Gold nanoparticle-coated silicon cone array for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

ABSTRACT

We demonstrate a silicon cone array substrate coated with gold nanoparticles and which was highly sensitive, homogeneous, and provided a large area for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). A deep reactive ion-etching process was used to fabricate the high-density silicon cone array, and gold nanoparticles were formed on the silicon cone surface by magnetron sputtering. The substrate was tested with 10^?6 M rhodamine 6 G solution. Enhancement of the substrate was about 60-fold greater than that of flat substrate. Moreover, SERS signals obtained from 24 random areas on the substrate showed good homogeneity with an average standard deviation of 3.9%.     

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma detection by tissue smears using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in head and neck. In this work, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy technique was used to study the molecular differences between cancerous and noncancerous smear samples which were obtained after clinical biopsy by smearing the tissue on the slides. Principal component analysis combined with linear discriminant analysis provided a sensitivity of 79.4% and a specificity of 81.8% for differentiation between cancerous and noncancerous nasopharyngeal tissue smears. This work provides a good basis for the methodology of nasopharyngeal tissue smear based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy technique and is worth further studying.     

An effective surface-enhanced Raman scattering template based on gold nanoparticle/silicon nanowire arrays

A large-scale Si nanowire array （SiNWA） is fabricated with gold （Au） nanoparticles by simple metal-assisted chemical etching and metal reduction processes. The three-dimensional nanostructured Au/SiNWA is evaluated as an active substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS）. The results show that the detection limit for rhodamine 6G is as low as 10-7 M, and the Raman enhancement factor is as large as 105 with a relative standard deviation of less than 25%. After the calibration of the Raman peak intensifies of rhodamine 6G and thiram, organic molecules could be quantitatively detected. These results indicate that Au/SiNWA is a promising SERS-active substrate for the detection of biomolecules present in low concentrations. Our findings are an important advance in SERS substrates to allow fast and quantitative detection of trace organic contaminants.     

A facile synthesis of branched silver nanowire structures and its applications in surface-enhanced Raman scattering

We report a facile method of preparing novel branched silvernanowire structures such as Y-shaped, K-shaped and other multi-branchednanowires. These branched nanostructures are synthesized by reducingsilver nitrate (AgNO₃) in polyethylene glycol(PEG) with polyvinglpyrrolidone (PVP) as capping agent. Statisticaldata indicate that for the “y” typed branched nanowire,the branches grow out from the side of the trunk nanowire in a preferentialorientation with an angle of 55? between the branch and the trunk.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies indicate that the defectson silver nanowires could support the growth of branched nanowires.Conditions such as the molar ratio of PVP/AgNO₃, the reaction temperature, and the degree of polymerization of reducingagent and PVP play important roles in determining the yield of thesilver branches. Due to the rough surface, these branched nanostructurescan be used as efficient substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scatteringapplications.     

Determination of dimethoate and phosmet pesticides with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

ABSTRACT

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy spectra of dimethoate and phosmet pesticides were recorded using a Klarite substrate. Significant enhancements were achieved with dimethoate over a concentration range of 0.5–10 µg mL^?1 and phosmet over a concentration range of 0.1–10 µg mL^?1. The best prediction model for dimethoate pesticide was achieved with a correlation coefficient of 0.940 and a root mean square error of prediction of 0.864 µg mL^?1, with the first derivative and standard normalized variate data preprocessing, and the best prediction model of phosmet pesticide was achieved with a correlation coefficient of 0.949 and a root mean square error of prediction of 0.741 µg mL^?1 with the first derivative data preprocessing. Our study shows that pesticides, including dimethoate and phosmet, could be quantitatively measured at as low as 0.5 µg mL^?1 level using surface-enhanced Raman technology coupled with a Klarite substrate and the results indicated that surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with a Klarite substrate has potential for the analysis of dimethoate and phosmet residues.     

Fundamental studies on enhancement and blinking mechanism of surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） and basic applications of SERS biological sensing

We review recent our results in the fundamental study of surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） with emphasis on experiments that attempted to identify the enhancement and blinking mechanism using single Ag nanoparticle dimers attached to dye molecules. These results are quantitatively discussed in the framework of electromagnetic mechanism. We also review recent our results in basic SERS applications for biological sensing regarding detections of cell surface molecules and distinction of disease marker molecules under single cell and single molecule level.     

Applications of Raman spectroscopy in herbal medicine

Raman spectroscopic techniques are a group of chemical fingerprint detection methods based on molecular vibrational spectroscopy. They are compatible with aqueous solutions and are time saving, nondestructive, and highly informative. With complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) becoming increasingly popular, more people are consuming natural herbal medicines. Thus, chemical fingerprints of herbal medicines are investigated to determine the content of these products. In this study, I review the different types of Raman spectroscopic techniques used in fingerprinting herbal medicines, including dispersive Raman spectroscopy, resonance Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform (FT)–Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, and confocal/microscopic Raman spectroscopy. Lab-grade Raman spectroscopy instruments help detect the chemical components of herbal medicines effectively and accurately without the need for complicated separation and extraction procedures. In addition, portable Raman spectroscopy instruments could be used to monitor the health and safety compliance of herbal products in the consumer market.     

Concentric toroids as a wideband and efficient substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy applications

Designing a structure having high local field enhancement, wideband resonance, and large hot spot area is the key element to obtain a large enhancement factor for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy applications. Here, the concentric toroid structures in dimer configuration is proposed, which shows a large local field intensity in a wide spectral range and the region that leads to a high-surface-enhanced Raman scattering signal intensity. Calculations show that the average surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement is up to 60 times more compared to the conventional dimer toroid structures with similar size.     

Single-site surface-enhanced Raman scattering beyond spectroscopy

Recent progress in the observation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is reviewed to examine the possibility of finding a novel route for the effective photoexcitation of materials. The importance of well-controlled SERS experiments on a single molecule at a single site is discussed based on the difference in the information obtained from ensemble SERS measurements using multiple active sites with an uncontrolled number of molecules. A single-molecule SERS observation performed at a mechanically controllable breaking junction with a simultaneous conductivity measurement provides clear evidence of the drastic changes both in the intensity and in the Raman mode selectivity of the electromagnetic field generated by localized surface plasmon resonance. Careful control of the field at a few-nanometer-wide gap of a metal nanodimer results in the modification of the selection rule of electronic excitation of an isolated single-walled carbon nanotube. The examples shown in this review suggest that a single-site SERS observation could be used as a novel tool to find, develop, and implement applications of plasmon-induced photoexcitation of materials.