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生物降解聚合物的研究和产业化进展及展望 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
结合作者等近十年来在生物降解聚合物领域的研究和产业化工作,本文概述了聚乳酸、聚氨基酸、聚对二氧六环酮及其它生物降解聚合物的合成进展,综述了可生物降解温度敏感水凝胶、形状记忆高分子材料的研究概况,阐述了可生物降解聚合物在生物活性大分子控释体系、超细纤维组织工程支架上的应用研究,介绍了可生物降解聚合物在食品包装、纺织和汽车电子等方面的应用,总结了可生物降解聚合物、医疗器械、药物制剂和组织工程等领域产业化近况.最后展望了生物降解聚合物的研究、应用和产业化前景. 相似文献
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医用可生物降解高分子材料 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
对目前医用可生物降解高分子材料的研究及应用状况分化学合成,天然和生物技术合成三类作了综述。对材料的生物相容性、可生物降解性及物理机械性能进行了分析和比较。并就医用生物降解高分子材料的发展趋势作了预测。 相似文献
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《高分子科学杂志,C辑:聚合物评论》2013,53(3):385-409
Abstract Starch, one of the most inexpensive and most readily available of all natural polymers, can be processed into thermoplastic materials only in the presence of plasticizers and under the action of heat and shear. Poor water resistance and low strength are limiting factors for the use of materials manufactured only from starch, and hence the modification of starch is often achieved by blending aliphatic polyesters. In this review, the literatures concerning the properties of various blends of starch and aliphatic polyesters have been summarized. The biodegradable rates of blends can be controlled to a certain extent depending on the constitutions of blends, and the mechanical properties of blends are close to those of traditional plastics such as polyethylene and polystyrene. The reduction of their sensitivity to humidity makes these materials suitable for the production of biodegradable films, injection-molded items, and foams. 相似文献
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Summary: In this study, blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) were studied for their mechanical and thermal properties as a function of the PBAT content. Tensile testing, impact testing, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the blends. It was observed that PLA/PBAT blends maintained quite high modulus and tensile strength compared to pure PLA. Small amounts of PBAT improved the elongation at break and the impact resistance showing a debonding effect typical of rubber toughened systems. 相似文献
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Nanocomposites have emerged in the last two decades as an efficient strategy to upgrade the structural and functional properties of synthetic polymers. Aliphatic polyesters as polylactide (PLA), poly(glycolides) (PGA), poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL) have attracted wide attention for their biodegradability and biocompatibility in the human body. A logic consequence has been the introduction of organic and inorganic nanofillers into biodegradable polymers to produce nanocomposites based on hydroxyapatite, metal nanoparticles or carbon nanotructures, in order to prepare new biomaterials with enhanced properties. Consequently, the improvement of interfacial adhesion between the polymer and the nanostructures has become the key technique in the nanocomposite process. In this review, different results on the fabrication of nanocomposites based on biodegradable polymers for specific field of tissue engineering are presented. The combination of bioresorbable polymers and nanostructures open new perspectives in the self-assembly of nanomaterials for biomedical applications with tuneable mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. 相似文献
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In this study, new biodegradable and biocompatible amphiphilic polymers were obtained by modifying the peripheral hydroxyl groups of branched polyethers and polyesters with organosilicon substituents. The structures of the synthesized polymers were confirmed by NMR and GPC. Organosilicon moieties of the polymers were formed by silatranes and trimethylsilyl blocks and displayed hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, respectively. The effect of the ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic organosilicon structures on the surface activity and biological activity of macromolecules was studied, together with the effect on these activities of the macromolecules’ molecular weight and chemical structure. In particular, the critical micelle concentrations were determined, the effect of the structure of the polymers on their wetting with aqueous solutions on glass and parafilm was described, and the aggregation stability of emulsions was studied. Finally, the effect of the polymer structures on their antifungal activity and seed germination stimulation was examined. 相似文献
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Igor Levchenko Shuyan Xu Oleg Baranov Olha Bazaka Elena P. Ivanova Kateryna Bazaka 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(13)
Plasma-enhanced synthesis and modification of polymers is a field that continues to expand and become increasingly more sophisticated. The highly reactive processing environments afforded by the inherently dynamic nature of plasma media are often superior to ambient or thermal environments, offering substantial advantages over other processing methods. The fluxes of energy and matter toward the surface enable rapid and efficient processing, whereas the charged nature of plasma-generated particles provides a means for their control. The range of materials that can be treated by plasmas is incredibly broad, spanning pure polymers, polymer-metal, polymer-wood, polymer-nanocarbon composites, and others. In this review, we briefly outline some of the recent examples of the state-of-the-art in the plasma-based polymer treatment and functionalization techniques. 相似文献
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Xiao-Jing Li Ying-Feng Wen Yong Wang Hai-Yan Peng Xing-Ping Zhou Xiao-Lin Xie 《高分子科学》2022,40(1):47-55
Supramolecular adhesives that enable debonding on-demand are of significant research interest for the development of adaptive and smart materials,yet,biodegrable supramolecular adhesives have been rarely exploited.Herein,telechelic,three-armed and four-armed CO2-based polyols with close molecular weights and various content(or carbonate unite content)have been synthesized via a zinc-cobalt double metal cyanide complex catalyzed ring-opening copolymerization of CO2 and propylene oxide,and further exploited as sustainable and biodegradable building blocks for supramolecular polymers(SMPs)with 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone(UPy)motifs.Notably,the orthogonal modulation of the CO2 content and the topology of CO2-based polyols provide a unique opportunity to fine-tune the surface energy as well as the cohesive strength of the resulting CO2-based SMPs.Notably,a three-armed SMP with 44%CO2(3UPy-CO2-44%)can well balance the trade-off between surface energy and cohesive strength,therefore bestowing a high adhesive strength of 7.5 and 9.7 MPa towards stainless steel and wood substrates respectively by testing the corresponding single lap joints.Moreover,the light-responsive adhesion property of 3UPy-CO2-44%has been demonstrated exemplarily by blending with a UV sensitizer. 相似文献
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Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate flexural properties of a partially biodegradable glass fibre reinforced composite after water immersion and dehydration. In addition water sorption and solubility was determined. E-glass fibres were preimpregnated with a biodegradable biopolymer of poly(hydroxyproline) amide (PA). The preimpregnated fibres were then further-impregnated with Bis-GMA–TEGDMA-resin and light polymerized (n = 6). There was also specimen made of plain polymer and FRC without PA. After water immersion and/or dehydration, the specimens were tested by the three-point bending test. The flexural strength and Young's modulus was increased in most cases after water immersion and dehydration except for PA containing specimens. The water sorption was <50 µg/mm3 for all studied specimens and solubility was 20 µg/mm3 for specimens without PA and 35 µg/mm3 for specimens with PA. 相似文献
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James Economy 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1990,29(11):1256-1261
During the past ten years there has been a sharp increase in interest in the opportunities afforded by R & D in the field of specialty polymers. Interest is mainly being shown in two distinct categories of polymers, namely, (a) polymers which are used in very small quantities to fulfill critical needs as a part of device system, and (b) high-performance engineering polymers which significantly extend their mechanical and thermal properties for structural applications. The first category ranges from advanced resists and insulating layers for microelectronic devices to membranes for filtration systems. The second category encompasses improved matrices for advanced composites as well as liquid crystalline polymers. In the present paper an overview is first given of the emerging opportunities for advanced materials and particularly specialty polymers. The status of work on liquid crystalline copolyesters is then discussed with special emphasis on one of the major problems confronting this field, namely interpreting the microstructure of the copolyesters. 相似文献
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Biodegradable polymer nanocomposites, due to their biodegradability and other improved properties possess tremendous scope in the industrial sector. This current article reviews the recent studies carried out over biodegradable polymer nanocomposites that includes preparation, characterization, properties, and applications of nanocomposites based on biodegradable polymers. An orderly introduction of nanocomposites prepared by using various biodegradable aliphatic polyesters and polymers obtained from biomass products has been brought about. A wide range of organic and inorganic nanoparticles was used as additives or fillers to prepare nanocomposites with improved desired properties. Considering vast research on layered silicates/polymer nanocomposites, a special emphasis has been summarized at the end of the review. 相似文献
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以1,4-丁二醇为引发剂、辛酸亚锡为催化剂,通过L-丙交酯(LLA)、乙交酯(GA)、ε-己内酯(CL)的开环共聚,制得了低分子量的端羟基结晶性LLA/GA共聚物(PLLGA)和CL/GA共聚物(PCG),分别以FTIR1、H-NMR、GPC、DSC对其微结构和热转变温度进行了表征,重点考察了其热转变温度的组成、分子量依赖性.结果表明,利用辛酸亚锡/二元醇引发开环聚合,通过改变单体配比和单体/引发剂配比,可方便地调控共聚物的组成和分子量;通过改变共聚物的组成和分子量,可在较宽的范围内调节共聚物的热转变温度,并得到了玻璃化温度和熔点与组成、分子量之间定量的经验关系式. 相似文献
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Dan L. Sackett 《Macromolecular Symposia》2005,219(1):9-16
A number of natural products with potent antimitotic activity are peptides and depsipeptides that bind to tubulin, provoke depolymerization of microtubules, and induce formation of single layer rings of tubulin dimers. These peptides are all hydrophobic and small relative to tubulin (3-5 amino acid residues), yet induce rings polymers with properties that can differ significantly in size and self-association. In addition, these compounds exhibit potent cytotoxicity that varies by several hundred fold from one compound to another. Cryptophycin induces unusually homogeneous rings, composed of eight tubulin dimers, that are stable to dilution at least to nanomolar tubulin concentrations. 相似文献
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Dr. Said Jebors Jeremie Ciccione Soultan Al‐Halifa Dr. Benjamin Nottelet Prof. Christine Enjalbal Céline M'Kadmi Dr. Muriel Amblard Prof. Ahmad Mehdi Prof. Jean Martinez Prof. Gilles Subra 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(12):3778-3782
We describe a new class of silicone‐containing peptide polymers obtained by a straightforward polymerization in water using tailored chlorodimethylsilyl peptide blocks as monomeric units. This general strategy is applicable to any type of peptide sequences, yielding linear or branched polymer chains composed of well‐defined peptide sequences. 相似文献
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