送风温度变化对数据中心热环境影响的模拟研究

为研究送风温度变化对数据中心热环境的影响,在分析数据中心空调系统负荷特性和能耗现状的基础上,以南京某小型数据中心工程实例为研究对象,采用数据中心专用CFD模拟软件对其气流组织进行了数值模拟,分析了该机房冷量利用情况。结果表明,送风温度变化会对气流组织产生一定的影响,送风温度提高,机柜平均出风温度提高,部分机柜存在冷量利用不充分的情况;距地面1.5m、3m平面位置及主要衡量立面温度均有不同程度的提高,增幅在3.8%—12.9%之间,气流组织受到一定的影响。综合分析得出送风温度在13℃热环境较好,更有利于冷量的充分利用。     

送风温度变化对数据中心热环境影响的模拟研究北大核心

为研究送风温度变化对数据中心热环境的影响,在分析数据中心空调系统负荷特性和能耗现状的基础上,以南京某小型数据中心工程实例为研究对象,采用数据中心专用CFD模拟软件对其气流组织进行了数值模拟,分析了该机房冷量利用情况。结果表明,送风温度变化会对气流组织产生一定的影响,送风温度提高,机柜平均出风温度提高,部分机柜存在冷量利用不充分的情况;距地面1.5m、3m平面位置及主要衡量立面温度均有不同程度的提高,增幅在3.8%—12.9%之间,气流组织受到一定的影响。综合分析得出送风温度在13℃热环境较好,更有利于冷量的充分利用。     

夹套冰温库内流场的数值模拟

随着计算机技术的飞速发展,计算流体力学(CFD)越来越广泛地应用于各个领域。通过CFD对复杂流动问题进行研究,能够较精确地反映流场的流动情况。利用CFD技术对夹套冰温库内的流场进行了稳态数值模拟,分析了夹套冰温库内流场的分布情况,讨论了该库体结构下不同送风速度对库内流场均匀性的影响。研究表明,具有夹套结构的冰温库,库内流场分布均匀,采用顶部静压箱送风,底部四周回风的送回风方式,能够使库内形成自上而下的均匀活塞流,不同送风速度对冰温库内流场的影响很小。研究结果证明数值模拟能较好地反映现实情况。     

超市集中供冷风陈列柜系统的开发及研究

在传统陈列柜的理论基础上设计了新的冷风柜及其供冷风系统,以集中供冷风的方式打破了传统的柜内循环送风的模式。实验研究了多台柜系统冷风分配的均匀性及柜内温度场的特性,并对比研究了冷风柜系统与传统制冷陈列柜系统的柜性能,实验结果表明了通过调节风量分配装置,多台并联柜具有较好的柜内风速分布,同时其柜内的温度分布均匀,达到了超市陈列柜的性能要求;另外,相对于传统陈列柜,冷风柜具有更好的融霜特性。     

送风与辐射组合末端供冷舒适性与均匀性研究

利用CFD仿真技术,对卧式明装风机盘管与辐射地板的空调末端组合进行了供冷模拟研究,分析了风机盘管送风状态、辐射末端表面温度等参数对室内温湿度环境、均匀度及舒适性的影响规律。模拟结果表明:送风与地板辐射末端组合在保证室内符合国家标准的舒适度要求时,能维持较好的热环境均匀度;送风风速不宜过大,否则会造成吹风感强烈;为防止结露和保证舒适性,送风相对湿度要低于70%;送风温度增加导致室内温度增加幅度较大,地板表面温度增加导致室内温度增加幅度较小,即室内温度对送风温度变化更加敏感;当地板表面温度增加时,室内温度和相对湿度的均匀性得到改善,舒适性提高,且结露风险大大降低,因此在满足舒适性要求的情况下,建议适当增加地板表面温度。     

改进型诱导器系统室内气流组织模拟与实验研究

改进型诱导器送风可创造出无气流感、无温差感的舒适环境。为探究与评价改进型诱导器应用下的室内气流组织效果,引入CFD数值模拟方法分别对改进型诱导器送风和双层百叶垂直送风方式下的房间气流组织进行模拟,对比得到两种送风条件下的房间温度场和速度场,并实验验证模型可靠性。结果表明,由于改进型诱导器具有风口面积大、送风速度小的特点,相对于双层百叶垂直送风形式,其送风温度梯度小、温差小,房间气流速度分布均匀且处在舒适范围。     

敞开式低温陈列柜送风系统的优化设计研究

从敞开式低温陈列柜内部风机的布置入手,通过改变风机的数量和送风量,测试风幕特性和柜性能,来优化送风系统的设计。研究表明,采用双风机替代原单风机配置后,陈列柜风幕各层的送风速度分布更趋合理,柜内温度场均匀性提高22.29%,融霜水量减少9.26%,功率消耗减少2.53%,提高了陈列柜的运行性能。     

自然冷源陈列柜食品温度分布的数值模拟

利用自然冷源对陈列柜供冷时,研究食品包温度与自然冷源温度、送风速度之间的关系。结果表明:柜内食品包的温度分布是不均匀的,总体变化情况为上低下高,底层食品包温度最高,左右两边对称;底层前排与顶层前排食品包温度随着自然冷源温度的升高而升高,且两者食品包间的温差在逐渐减小;底层前排与顶层前排食品包的温度随着送风风速的增加逐渐降低,且变化趋势逐渐变小。     

CPU散热器散热效果分析

对平直型散热器在顶送风和侧送风进行了数值模拟,结果表明顶送风温度场左右对称,而侧送风入口温度较低、出口温度较高,固体区域温度比侧送风时整体降低了10℃左右,强化了散热器散热。因此对于不均匀热源应在基板上尽量分开布置,功率密度前密后疏型布置可以有效降低基板温度。要根据流场和温度场的耦合关系来设计散热器的形状,充分利用流场。可以增加风扇风速或充分利用风扇出口处高速区域,来增加散热器的换热系数从而降低热阻。     

非光滑表面湍流减阻的数值模拟研究

本文采用CFD数值模拟的方法对二维光滑平板阻力进行计算,与经典理论公式比较,以验证CFD方法的可靠性.从已有的肋条减限的实验结论出发,对带有肋条结构的平板与光滑平板的阻力进行CFD计算,经对比带肋条平板的阻力减小18.39%.分析数值模拟结果的速度场.涡量场等,初步得到肋条结构减阻的机理.肋条顶部产生的两个方向相反的旋...     

冰蓄冷低温送风空调系统风管管路分析研究

研究得出冰蓄冷低温送风空调系统较常规空调系统在风管管路阻力及风管截面积的优越性。依据管路阻力计算公式利用VB语言编写风管比摩阻的计算程序,并利用该计算程序对相同工况下的典型的低温送风温度与常规送风温度的比摩阻进行计算,进而得到风管管路阻力,同时计算得出各送风温度下的风管截面积,并进行对比分析。相同计算条件下,冰蓄冷低温送风空调系统的风管沿程阻力是常规送风系统的40%—70%;采用8℃低温送风方式时,其风管截面积较常规空调可减少20%—30%。与常规空调系统相比,采用冰蓄冷低温送风空调系统可明显减小风管的沿程阻力和截面积,大大降低了风机耗能和建筑层高,节省了运行及建材费用。     

室内可吸入颗粒物运动特性的格子 Boltzmann方法模拟

为探究室内可吸入颗粒物的运动特性,使用格子Boltzmann方法,在颗粒物运动概率模型的基础上考虑布朗力对颗粒物的作用,利用改良的LB-CA（Lattice Boltzmann-cellular automata）模型,模拟了Re数分别为400、1 000和2 000时粒径为0.01 μm、0.1 μm和1 μm的颗粒物在上送上回和上送侧回两种回风形式中的运动特性.结果显示：颗粒物的空间分布范围随着Re数的增大而增大,小粒径的颗粒物受到气流湍动和扩散作用的影响更明显;颗粒物的均方位移（mean square displacement,MSD）与Re数、颗粒物粒径的大小成反比,而同样的Re数下,颗粒物在上送侧回的回风形式中其MSD较大.总体上看上送侧回的回风形式具有较低的悬浮颗粒数和更高的室内空气品质.     

Exergy analysis of ramjet

An exergy analysis of possible regimes of energy supply to the air flow in the ramjet duct is carried out. A condition for the supply of a given heat amount to supersonic flow and a condition of the passage across the sound velocity are obtained for a duct with variable cross-sectional area. An analysis of the flow in a model ramjet duct at a pulsed-periodic energy supply is carried out. For a clear demonstration of possible schemes of heat supply in such a duct, a diagram in the temperature-exergy coordinates is proposed. A duct configuration in which the heat supply to supersonic flow is realized with regard for the limitation of the gas static temperature is proposed.     

Combined experimental and computational study of laminar, axisymmetric hydrogen–air diffusion flames

We investigate the structure of two-dimensional, axisymmetric, laminar hydrogen–air flames in which a cylindrical fuel stream is surrounded by coflowing air, using laser-diagnostic and computational methods. Spontaneous Raman scattering and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) are used to measure the distributions of major species and temperature. Computationally, we solve the governing conservation equations for mass, momentum, energy, and species, using detailed chemistry and transport. The fuel is diluted with nitrogen (1:1) to reduce heat transfer to the burner, to match the zero temperature gradient at the fuel exit. Three average fuel exit velocities are studied: 18, 27, and 50 cm/s. Comparisons of the measured and computed results are performed for radial profiles at a number of axial positions, and along the axial centerline. Peak major species mole fractions and temperatures are quantitatively predicted by the computations, and the axial species profiles are predicted to within the experimental uncertainty. In the radial profiles studied, base-case computations excluding thermal diffusion of light species were in excellent agreement with the measurements. While the addition of thermal diffusion led to some discrepancy with the measured results, the magnitude of the differences was no more than 25%. The computations predicted the axial centerline profiles from the burner exit to the maximum temperature well, though the experimental temperatures in the downstream mixing region decreased somewhat faster than the computed profiles. Radiative losses are seen to be negligible in these flames, and changes in transport properties and variations in initial flow velocities generally led to only modest changes in the axial profiles. The results also show that the detailed axial profiles of major species and temperature at different fuel jet velocities scale quantitatively with the jet velocity.     

风道清洗机器人系统的设计优化与工程测试

中央空调风道的定期清洗作用很大,既可以改善室内空气质量,又能够实现节能。本文介绍了一种专门针对中央空调风道清洗的机器人系统,对其四大组成部分进行了详细介绍;在分析该系统技术原理与性能参数的基础之上,对风道清洗机器人系统进行系统结构与部件形式上的优化,提出了“闭式循环”集尘方式,并对刷头形状做了改进;最后基于具体工程实例的测试结果,对清洗前后管壁积尘量、管道风速进行对比,分析该系统在改善空调系统卫生状况与气流组织状况方面的显著作用。     

The noise reduction of the acoustic paths between two rooms interconnected by a ventilation duct

This paper describes measurements made on a system of two rooms separated by a wall but connected by a ventilation duct. Using statistical energy analysis the noise reduction of each path through the system was determined from the measured data. It was found that the most important path through the system is from the source room, into the duct cavity, along the duct and then out into the receiving room.Experiments on air flow showed that for practical purposes air flow has no effect on the system considered here.     

冷藏运输车内气体流场的数值模拟及分析

利用计算流体力学(ANSYS)软件,建立了冷藏运输模拟试验台的物理模型,对冷藏运输车内流场进行了数值模拟研究。主要研究内容包括:(1)不同送风速度对冷藏运输车内流场分布的影响;(2)不同时间内库内流场变化情况。冷藏运输模拟试验台采用前端送风,两侧回风口的送风方式。风机吹出的冷气能够在库体内形成大的回流,从而降低库体温度并且使库体内温度分布的均匀。不同送风速度影响车体内速度场的分布,而当送风速度较大时,库内的温度会在短期内均匀。但是过大的送风速度会风干冷藏车内的食品。     

3-pentanone fluorescence yield measurements and modeling at elevated temperatures and pressures

Measurements of 3-pentanone fluorescence quantum yield (FQY) over a wide range of temperatures and pressures in air and nitrogen bath gases are reported and a comprehensive FQY model in support of quantitative planar laser-induced fluorescence diagnostics at elevated pressures and temperatures is presented. Measurements were made of the FQY for 20 mbar of 3-pentanone in nitrogen and air for pressures between 1 and 25 bar in a high-pressure and high-temperature cell for excitation wavelengths of 248, 266, 277, and 308 nm. The measurements were performed in nitrogen from 298 to 745 K and in air from 298 to 567 K. The 3-pentanone FQY data were used to optimize FQY model parameters, including the oxygen and nitrogen quenching rates and vibrational relaxation cascade parameters for nitrogen and oxygen. This work introduces vibrational energy dependence for cascade parameters, as well as a nitrogen quenching rate. The new 3-pentanone FQY model agrees with the measurements within 10%, as well as with fluorescence signal measurements from optical internal combustion engines at pressures and temperatures up to 28 bar and 1100 K.     

Magnetic and electrical properties of oxygen stabilized nickel nanofibers prepared by the borohydride reduction method

Fine nickel fibers have been synthesized by chemical reduction of nickel ions in aqueous medium with sodium borohydride. The thermal stability and relevant properties of these fibers, as-prepared as well as air-annealed, have been investigated by structural, magnetic and electrical measurements. As-prepared samples appear to have a novel crystal structure due to the presence of interstitial oxygen. Upon annealing in air, the fcc-Ni phase emerges out initially and develops into a nanocomposite subsequently by retaining its fiber-like structure in nano phase. The as-prepared sample is observed to be weakly magnetic at room temperature, but attains surprisingly high magnetization values at low temperatures. This is attributed to the modified spin structure, presumably due to the presence of interstitial oxygen in the lattice. Development of a weakly ferromagnetic and electrically conducting phase upon annealing in air is attributed to the formation of the fcc-Ni phase. The structural phase transformations corroborate well with magnetic and electrical measurements.     

Dry air effects on the copper oxides sensitive layers formation for ethanol vapor detection

The copper oxide films have been deposited by thermal evaporation and annealed under ambient air and dry air respectively, at different temperatures. The structural characteristics of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction. They showed the presences of two hydroxy-carbonate minerals of copper for annealing temperatures below 250 °C. Above this temperature the conductivity measurements during the annealing process, show a transition phase from metallic copper to copper oxides. The copper oxides sensitivity toward ethanol were performed using conductivity measurements at the working temperature of 200 °C. A decrease of conductivity was observed under ethanol vapor, showing the p-type semi-conducting characters of obtained copper oxide films. It was found that the sensing properties of copper oxide toward ethanol depend mainly on the annealing conditions. The best responses were obtained with copper layers annealed under dry air.