A topological notion of boundedness

A topological boundedness notion is studied, which is proved to be productive. Classical theorems on compactness of Tychonoff, Alexander and Obreanu are generalized. A boundedness operator is defined and studied. Finally, a classification of all topological spaces is obtained according to boundedness criteria.The author is grateful to prof. N. Oeconomidis, who suggested the topic, for his continuous interest.     

Injectivity of topological categories

Injective objects in concrete categories frequently turn out to be objects with particularly pleasant properties. Often some form of completeness provides a characterization of injectivity in such a category, with injective hulls achieved through certain standard completion processes. Several results during the past decade have shown that certain specific topological categories are precisely the injective objects in various natural quasicategories of concrete categories, with injective hulls obtained via certain sieve constructions. When the base category is trivial, some of these results specialize to classical results in certain categories of ordered structures; e.g., the injectives in posets characterized as complete lattices, with injective hulls the MacNeille completions, and the injectives in semilattices characterized as locales, with injective hulls the locale hulls.This paper contains two main results. The first provides a characterization of injective objects in a setting sufficiently general as to include the above mentioned characterizations as well as many others. The second theorem gives a characterization of those objects that have injective hulls, and provides a construction of the hulls as well. Corollaries of this theorem yield numerous known injective hull constructions. The second theorem uses a much stronger hypothesis than the first. That this hypothesis is indispensible follows from a result of E. Nelson on the non-existive of injective hulls of certain -semilattices.In Memory of Evelyn NelsonPresented by F.E.J. Linton.This research was partially sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation Grant DCR-8604080 and by support from the National Academies of Sciences of Czechoslovakia and the United States.     

Universal topological algebra needs closed topological categories

It is shown that a development of universal topological algebra, based in the obvious way on the category of topological spaces, leads in general to a pathological situation. The pathology disappears when the base category is changed to a cartesian closed topological category or to a topological category endowed with a compatible closed symmetric monoidal structure, provided that in the latter case, the algebraic operations are expressed in terms of monoidal powers rather than the usual cartesian powers. With such base categories, universal topological algebra becomes virtually as well-behaved as ordinary (setbased) universal algebra.     

Homomorphisms and boundedness in topological groups

We consider homomorphisms from a normed space into a topological group. Assuming their boundedness in a neighbourhood (in relative topology) of an extremal point of the unit sphere, we derive their linearity (whenever it makes sense), closedness of the graph or continuity.     

A topological nullstellensatz for tensor-triangulated categories

Let $\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{T})$ be the spectrum of a tensor-triangulated category $(\mathbb{T},?,\mathbf{1})$. We show that there is a homeomorphism between the spectral space of radical thick tensor ideals in $(\mathbb{T},?,\mathbf{1})$ and the collection of open subsets of $\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{T})$ in inverse topology. In fact, we prove a more general result in terms of supports on $(\mathbb{T},?,\mathbf{1})$ and work by combining methods from commutative algebra, topology and tensor triangular geometry.     

Covariant functors in categories of topological spaces

This survey is devoted to the properties of certain concrete covariant functors-normal and almost normal functors-in the category of compacta, as well as the algebraic theory of covariant functors, and the connections between the theory of functors with absolute extensors and manifolds.Translated from Itogi Nauki i Tekhniki, Seriya Algebra, Topologiya, Geometriya, Vol. 28, pp. 47–95, 1990.     

Closed structures on categories of topological spaces

The category of all topological spaces and continuous maps and its full subcategory of all T_o-spaces admit (up to isomorphism) precisely one structure of symmetric monoidal closed category (see [2]). In this paper we shall prove the same result for any epireflective subcategory of the category of topological spaces (particularly e.g. for the categories of Hausdorff spaces, regular spaces, Tychonoff spaces).     

On ordered categories as a framework for fuzzification of algebraic and topological structures

Using the framework of ordered categories, the paper considers a generalization of the fuzzification machinery of algebraic structures introduced by Rosenfeld as well as provides a new approach to fuzzification of topological structures, which amounts to fuzzifying the underlying “set” of a structure in a suitably compatible way, leaving the structure itself crisp. The latter machinery allows the so-called “double fuzzification”, i.e., a fuzzification of something that is already fuzzified.     

Separation properties in algebraic categories of topological spaces

Full subcategories C ? Top of the category of topological spaces, which are algebraic over Set in the sense of Herrlich [2], have pleasant separation properties, mostly subject to additional closedness assumptions. For instance, every C-object is a T₁-space, if the two-element discrete space belongs to C. Moreover, if C is closed under the formation of finite powers in Top and even varietal [2], then every C-object is Hausdorff. Hence, the T₂-axiom turns out to be (nearly) superfluous in Herrlich's and Strecker's characterization of the category of compact Hausdorff spaces [1], although it is essential for the proof.If we think of C-objects X as universal algebras (with possibly infinite operations), then the subalgebras of X form the closed sets of a compact topology on X, provided that the ordinal spaces [0, β] belong to C. This generalizes a result in [3]. The subalgebra topology is used to prove criterions for the Hausdorffness of every space in C, if C is only algebraic.     

On the boundedness of Weyl sums

Leta be irrational and letf:[0,1] be Riemann-integrable with integral zero. Letf _n (x) denote the Weyl sumf _n (x):= _k=0 ^n–1 f({x k>}),x/[0,1[,n. We prove criteria for the boundedness of the sequence (f _n ) _n1 and discuss the relation of this question to irregularities of the distribution of sequences.     

On the boundedness of Hamiltonian operators

We show that a non-negative Hamiltonian operator whose domain contains a maximal uniformly positive subspace is bounded.

     

Strong movable categories and strong movability of topological spaces

The paper is devoted to one of the important notions of the shape theory: that of strong movability, which was primarily introduced by K. Borsuk for metrizable compacts. A strong movability criterion is proved for topological spaces, which in particular reveals a new, categorical approach to the strong movability.