泡沫型干扰幕的光学衰减性能研究

泡沫型干扰幕是为解决多波段干扰领域有关问题研究的新技术。利用专用导弹综合测试系统,对其光学衰减性能进行了测试。一般只需几到几十厘米厚的干扰幕即可使得基于可见光、红外、激光的导弹制导系统失效,表明它对光传播具有明显的衰减作用,可以满足不同温度下不同目标干扰光学侦察与制导的作战使用要求。研究结论可为泡沫型干扰幕的战术运用设计提供必要的理论基础和实验依据。     

基于几何光学的泡沫滴/水滴光散射计算模型

为深入研究舰船泡沫 水两用幕的光衰减机理,建立了基于几何光学的泡沫滴/水滴光散射强度分布计算模型。利用该模型对液相折射率m2为1.20至1.50范围内、气泡相对半径r为0至0.99的球状泡沫滴和水滴、散射角为1至10内的光散射强度进行了数值计算。结果表明,泡沫滴/水滴对可见光具有强烈的散射作用,内的散射强度与入射光强度之比T随的增大而提高,最高可增加2个数量级;随m2的增大而降低,m2从1.30至1.40变化,T降幅最高达11.6%;随r的增加先下降而后提高,达到最低0和最高80.8%;T最低值对应的最优气泡半径ro随m2的降低和的增大而提高,从0.1最多增至0.4。该结论可为舰船泡沫 水两用幕技术的发展提供必要的理论基础。     

基于FPGA的高速光幕同步系统设计与实现

常规光幕实现发射器和接收器双方信号的同步需要专用同步电缆来完成。针对这一缺点,提出了一种新的高速光幕同步方法,即在发射器的每个循环周期的第一通道发射光脉冲之前增加一个作为帧同步码的光脉冲段,接收端通过判断帧同步码的方式实现收发信号同步,这样便不再需要专用同步电缆,有效地节省了光幕同步系统成本。进一步地,采用新提出的高速光幕同步方法,基于FPGA技术,设计并实现了高速光幕同步系统的总体方案,硬件制作了可应用于高速运动物体的实时到位检测的高速光幕检测装置。实际工程应用表明,采用此方法的高速光幕检测装置,成本低,工作稳定可靠,捕捉与同步性能优良。     

浮游植物的吸收-衰减特性及其与粒径间的关系

室内测量了十六种浮游植物的吸收-衰减光谱,及其粒径分布和叶绿素a浓度。研究结果表明,粒径和单位细胞叶绿素浓度是影响浮游植物吸收和衰减系数量值的两个重要因素;粒径是决定衰减光谱形状的重要因子之一,粒径与衰减光谱斜率之间存在非单调的变化关系;粒径不是影响浮游植物吸收光谱的蓝-红波段比和光谱斜率的决定性因子,但是,藻细胞密度与粒径平方的乘积是决定吸收光谱斜率的关键量。适用于均匀球体颗粒的Mie散射理论能对粒径与浮游植物吸收光谱和衰减光谱间的相关关系进行阐释,该文研究的藻类其非均匀球体结构并没有从根本上改变粒径与吸收—衰减光谱间存在的内在规律。     

离散泡沫的光学衰减原理研究

为研究泡沫的光学干扰原理,基于几何光学原理和电磁波传输理论,对离散泡沫的光线折射及吸收等现象进行了分析,从光线传播方向和透射能量变化的角度研究了泡沫对光线的衰减,建立了衰减模型。通过计算和红外光谱及热成像试验,发现：泡沫结构和泡沫材料是造成光线强烈衰减的重要原因。结果显示：泡沫溶液的溶质/溶剂的消光能力、浓度等对特定波段光波的吸收产生关键影响;泡沫通过改变光线的传播方向,大大分散出射光线的能量密度;随着光线穿过泡沫液膜界面的次数增多,透射光强迅速衰减,透射能量迅速下降;其漂浮运动还将导致出射光线方向和能量密度分布的不确定性。     

室内可见光通信复合光学接收端设计与分析

本文提出了一种适用于室内可见光通信的新型光学接收端的设计.根据复合抛物面聚光器的聚光特性,将光电探测器与复合抛物面聚光器耦合作为接收子单元,并将这些接收子单元按照特定的几何关系嵌入一个半球面中,得到角度分集型的复合光学接收端,达到水平方向360°,垂直方向180°的大视场.对每个接收单元接收到的光能量,低传输数据时进行相加求和作为最终的接收功率,高数据速率时取各个子单元的最大值作为接收功率.在一个5 m×5 m×3 m的空旷房间中,通过MATLAB对室内可见光通信系统建模仿真.计算结果表明,采用这种复合型光学接收端后,两种不同处理算法下的接收功率相对于直接接收分别提高了11.85和7.47 dB,增益分别为15.31和5.98.信噪比较高,两种情况下的平均值分别为79.17和72.26 dB,且接收信噪比分布平缓,波动较小.这说明采用本文设计的光学接收端,不仅能够得到较大的接收端视场角,同时获得较高的增益和接收功率,以及稳定的接收信噪比,避免了室内可见光通信系统中通信盲区的存在,保证了室内通信性能的稳定性.     

Performance of an optical wideband WDM system considering stimulated Raman scattering,fiber attenuation and chromatic dispersion

The performance of an optical wideband wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) communication system is analyzed considering the effects of stimulated Raman scattering, fiber attenuation and chromatic dispersion. Improved models for the Raman gain and the fiber attenuation constant are proposed, which yield better and reliable performance results of the WDM system. Effect of fiber chromatic dispersion is also investigated and it is observed that dispersion can suitably be selected to overcome the limitations imposed by the stimulated Raman scattering phenomenon.     

Diffusion of Ag through Se and its effect on interferometric thickness measurement

The effect of diffusion of silver through Se thin films, on the visibility of two and multiple beam interference fringes has been studied. For thickness measurements, Al has been found to be a suitable overcoating metallic layer as it does not diffuse through Se. The thickness was measured by multiple beam fringes at reflection.     

光镊系统的组建及光阱效应的观察

光镊是美国科学家Arthur Ashkin于1986年发明的,现被用来操控微小粒子和作为微小力的传感器.随着光镊技术的不断发展,光镊在生物大分子的操控和生物大分子生命过程中动力学研究方面发挥着巨大作用.本文介绍了光镊的工作原理,以及如何利用实验室现有条件,以较低成本搭建了一个简化的光镊系统,并观察了光镊对几种微小粒子的捕捉情况,证实了光阱有一定的作用范围,且其捕获能力随微粒尺寸增大而减小.     

Experimental determination and comparison of rain attenuation in free space optic link operating at 532 nm and 655 nm wavelength

The demand for high data rate, security and reliable communication is driving the development of free space optic communication (FSO) technology. The atmospheric effects such as scintillation, absorption and scattering severely affect the availability and range of the FSO system. The atmospheric rain absorbs and scatters the laser beam energy resulting in attenuation of the propagating signal. Initial development of FSO technology primarily used wavelength from infrared spectrum. In the recent years, the interest in visible light carrier for FSO applications is consistently increasing. In this paper, the effect of rain over two optical wavelengths from the visible spectrum i.e. 532 nm and 655 nm has been experimentally evaluated and results for the specific rain attenuation at 532 nm and 655 nm wavelengths have been compared.     

Estimation of binding energy between a dislocation and vacancy and concentration of vacancies from ultrasonic attenuation measurements

Cottrell’s binding energy between a dislocation and vacancy and concentration of vacancies has been calculated using ultrasonic attenuation measurements in single crystals of pure tin at 300K for frequencies varying from 3 to 50 MHz and at different dislocation densities.     

声速和衰减系数与含蜡原油特性的关系

当含蜡原油的温度低于蜡的析出温度后,蜡晶将不断析出并相互交联成网状结构,若网状结构达到一定强度,原油将失去流动而凝结。在该过程中不仅含蜡原油的流动特性发生变化,原油的声速和衰减系数也发生变化。本研究结果表明：含蜡原油的超速及衰减系数均随温度降低而增大;含蜡原油在凝结温度前后表现出不同的声速与温度的对应关系;含蜡原油在凝结后的声速的温度的关系同原油的含蜡量有关;含蜡原油的衰减系数在接近凝结温度时急剧     

a-C:F薄膜的热稳定性与光学带隙的关联

以CF4和C6H6的混合气体作为气源,在微波电子回旋共振化学气相沉积(ECRCVD)装置中制备了氟化非晶碳薄膜(aC:F),并在N2气氛中作了退火处理以考察其热稳定性.通过傅里叶变换红外吸收谱和紫外可见光谱获得了薄膜中CC双键的相对含量和光学带隙,发现膜中CC键含量与光学带隙之间存在着密切的关联,在高微波功率下沉积的氟化非晶碳膜具有低的光学带隙和较好的热稳定性. 关键词： 氟化非晶碳膜 光学带隙 退火温度 热稳定性     

Correlation between the structural and optical properties of Co doped ZnO thin films prepared at different film thickness

Cobalt doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Co) thin films were deposited on glass substrates by ultrasonic spray technique decomposition of Zinc acetate dihydrate and cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in an ethanol solution with film thickness. All films are polycrystalline with a hexagonal wurtzite-type structure with a preferential orientation according to the direction (0 0 2), with the maximum crystallite size was found of 59.42 nm at 569 nm. The average transmittance of all films is about 65–95% measured by UV–vis analyzer. The band gap energy increased from 3.08 to 3.32 eV with increasing the film thickness from 192 to 569 nm. The increase of the electrical conductivity with increases in the film thickness to maximum value of 9.27 (Ω cm)⁻¹ can be explained by the increase in carrier concentration and displacement of the electrons of the films. The correlation between the band gap and crystal structure suggests that the band gap energy of Co doped ZnO is influenced by the crystallite size and the mean strain.