非接触式钢板平坦度检测系统

本文提出一种非接触式钢板表面平坦度的检测方法，利用了激光及ＣＣＤ技术。目前本系统可以实现实验室静态模拟测量，测量范围（钢板幅度变化）为０～５ｍｍ，测量精度达到±０．５ｍｍ以上。应用本方法到实际现场测量中，无需测钢板走带速度，可实现实时检测     

数字图像处理技术在叠栅条纹测量中的应用

将数字图像处理技术应用于叠栅条纹测量物体三维形状,使用Inter公司的开源视觉库OpecCV,经过灰度化、锐化和去噪、叠加虚参考光栅对图像进行处理,简化测量过程,提高测量速度和精度.     

莫尔条纹法改进杨氏模量测量

根据莫尔条纹具有位移高倍率放大的光学特性,利用透射光栅自制实验改进金属丝杨氏模量测量,通过莫尔条纹的移动准确快速读取金属丝的伸长变化量以提高测量精度.实验结果表明,测量误差为5％左右,将实验值与理论值对比确定此方法的可行性.     

信号发生器输出幅度平坦度测量中的非线性与相关性问题研究

信号发生器输出幅度平坦度是评价信号发生器输出特性的一项重要指标,本文介绍了输出幅度平坦度的测量方法,并且针对其不同的计算公式建立了测量的数学模型。由于该数学模型是非线性模型,并且由于输入量之间可能存在相关性,所以在进行测量不确定度分析的过程中必须考虑在合成标准不确定度时是否需要加入数学模型按泰勒级数展开后所得方差的高阶项以及表征相关性的协方差项。根据高阶项对合成标准不确定度整体的贡献大小判断是否可以忽略。同时比较了通过实验方法得到相关系数与相关系数直接取0或取1时对应扩展不确定度的大小。最后针对幅度平坦度的测量提出有效避免处理相关问题的方法。     

用条纹相机测量BEPC的束团长度

在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)中,正负电子束团的长度及其拉伸是束流性能重要指标之一,它直接影响到物理实验的效率,对BEPC的改进和性能进一步提高也起着关键的作用.由于用条纹相机测束团长度,具有精度高,且直观的特点,因此,近年来条纹相机在加速器束团测量领域得到了广泛的应用.本文将介绍用条纹相机测量BEPC储存环束团长度的原理、方法、系统配置、误差分析及一些典型的测量结果.     

光栅投影测量物体三维轮廓的条纹中心线相对偏移量的获取

精确地获得光栅条纹中心线的相对偏移量,在三角形法测量物体三维轮廓技术中占有非常重要的地位。本文对光栅投影条纹图像进行预处理,提出采用重心法提取条纹中心线位置,可以获得亚像素级的精度;接着修补条纹中心线,采用模板技术跟踪条纹的走向,可求出条纹中心线相对参照平面条纹中心线的相对偏移量。     

新的基于条纹投影轮廓测量的系统标定方法

提出一种新的光栅条纹投影轮廓测量术系统标定模型,新模型不要求投影装置和成像系统的光心连线与参考面平行、成像系统的光轴垂直于参考面及投影装置和成像系统的光轴相交。基于该模型得出了新的相位高度映射关系,其待定系数与成像点的坐标无关。实际测量中只需2个高度不同的标准块便可以求得待定系数。对4个标准块进行高度测量,得到的最大相对误差为06%。实验证明:该标定方法简单有效,提高了系统标定的可操作性和测量精度。     

条纹计数器在光学实验中的应用

介绍一种用条纹计数器记录干涉条纹进行光学实验的方法。记录条纹数精度高、实验操作简单。     

新的基于条纹投影轮廓测量的系统标定方法

提出一种新的光栅条纹投影轮廓测量术系统标定模型,新模型不要求投影装置和成像系统的光心连线与参考面平行、成像系统的光轴垂直于参考面及投影装置和成像系统的光轴相交。基于该模型得出了新的相位高度映射关系,其待定系数与成像点的坐标无关。实际测量中只需2个高度不同的标准块便可以求得待定系数。对4个标准块进行高度测量,得到的最大相对误差为0.6%。实验证明:该标定方法简单有效,提高了系统标定的可操作性和测量精度。     

数字图像处理技术在等高莫尔法三维形貌测量中的应用

在阐述叠加莫尔方法测量物体三维形貌基本原理的基础上,导出正弦光栅照射法等高莫尔条纹检测的数学模型。并对实测三维物体的等高莫尔图进行了灰度均匀、图像增强、细化处理等一系列处理,得到了物体等高莫尔条纹的轮廓线。     

基于干涉条纹跟踪实现纳米级位移测量的方法研究

设计了一套干涉条纹图像实时采集处理系统。在分析迈克尔逊干涉条纹特征表象的基础上 ,给出了通过跟踪干涉条纹的移动量测量被测对象纳米级位移量的理论公式 ;提出了干涉条纹特征点的提取与跟踪算法 :分段线性变换、方形窗口中值滤波和门限化边缘提取 ,给出了基于统计学原理的通过计算多条干涉条纹移动量获得被测对象纳米级位移量的计算公式。实验结果表明了该方法的有效性和实用性     

干涉条纹边缘检测方法的比较与改进

研究了干涉条纹边缘检测中的Sobel算子和Laplacian算子,针对二者使干涉条纹变粗和模糊的现象,提出了改进的Laplacian算子。该改进算子先对干涉条纹利用Gauss函数进行平滑,然后再作Laplacian变换。实验结果表明,改进的Laplacian算子克服经典算子的不足,获得清晰的条纹边缘,满足了干涉条纹后续处理要求。     

图像边缘检测方法研究综述

图像的边缘是图像最基本也是最重要的特征之一。边缘检测一直是计算机视觉和图像处理领域的经典研究课题之一。图像分析和理解的第一步常常是边缘检测。边缘检测的目的是去发现图像中关于形状和反射或透射比的信息,是图像处理、图像分析、模式识别、计算机视觉以及人类视觉的基本步骤之一。其结果的正确性和可靠性将直接影响到机器视觉系统对客观世界的理解。对一些传统的边缘检测方法和近年来广泛收到关注的边缘检测算法进行了简单介绍。综述中只涉及到检测方面,而没有讨论滤波、边缘定位、算法的复杂程度和边缘检测器性能的评价。     

Application of robust color composite fringe in flip-chip solder bump 3-D measurement

This study developed a 3-D measurement system based on flip-chip solder bump, used fringes with different modulation intensities in color channels, in order to produce color composite fringe with robustness, and proposed a multi-channel composite phase unwrapping algorithm, which uses fringe modulation weights of different channels to recombine the phase information for better measurement accuracy and stability. The experimental results showed that the average measurement accuracy is 0.43μm and the standard deviation is 1.38 µm. The results thus proved that the proposed 3-D measurement system is effective in measuring a plane with a height of 50 μm. In the flip-chip solder bump measuring experiment, different fringe modulation configurations were tested to overcome the problem of reflective coefficient between the flip-chip base board and the solder bump. The proposed system has a good measurement results and robust stability in the solder bump measurement, and can be used for the measurement of 3-D information for micron flip-chip solder bump application.     

3D shape measurement of larger complex objects based on fringe cycle correction

The grating fringe on the reference plane is broadened in the intersecting axis system because of oblique-angle projection. In order to solve this problem, we study the theoretical model of the temporal phase unwrapping method based on the fringe cycle correction. We also study the 3D shape measurement theoretical model of the larger complex objects after considering the coordinate deviation and lens distortion. Experimental results demonstrate that the fringe cycle on the reference plane can be corrected to a constant value, the lens distortion can be corrected, and 3D shape of larger complex objects can be accurately measured.     

Center positioning of circular interference fringe patterns for fine measurement

A kind of center positioning method of the circular interference fringe patterns was reported in this paper. The whole process was programmed by Matlab for processing the gray-scale images without denoising preprocessing and binary format transformation. The gradient vector field (GVF) based on a complex-valued cost function was used to extract the skeletons of circular interference fringe patterns, and the coordinate of the center was calculated by statistical method in which partial skeletons were selected to calculate the center according to the space topological relationship. Finally, subpixel accuracy and perfect anti-noise ability of the proposed method are demonstrated by the simulation and experimental fringe patterns, respectively. Thus the technique can be used in precision measurement and fine interferometry.     

散斑法中的干涉条纹级数判别及细分方法

本文给出一种判别及细分散斑法中的干涉条纹级数的简单方法。它可以用于确定位移的大小,干涉条纹级数的判别与细分、提高测量精度以及自动分析。     

一种用于自动分析散斑摄影条纹图的数字图像复原技术——衍射晕影响的消除

本文提出了一种消除衍射晕非均匀照度影响、提高计算机自动测量散斑摄影条纹图精度的数字图像复原算法.简单介绍了散斑摄影条纹的自动分析过程.在VAX-11/785计算机上对模拟的无噪声白光散斑条纹进行验证,结果表明,本算法和程序是可靠的.     

Study on an automatic processing technique of the circle interference fringe for fine interferometry

The fringe center method (FCM) is an important digital processing technique of fringe patterns analysis for interferometry. In this paper, an improved automatic processing technique based on FCM was presented, which correlated the processing link and the looped feature of the circle fringe pattern. It also integrated several techniques including noise removal, the fringe thinning, the fringe patching, assignment of the fringe orders and wavefront reconstruction and can be executed orderly and automatically. Based on the new the algorithms of the fringe patching and assignment of the fringe orders, the fringe feature information was extracted automatically and the interference wavefront was reconstructed by Zernike polynomial fitting method. With the automatic processing technique, the circle interference fringe of the fine polished aluminum disks surface captured by the Twyman-Green interferometer was processed, and the surface profile and the parameters of the disk were obtained automatically. The experiments show that the improved automatic processing technique was more accurate and fast in measurement than the conventional one. It was convenient to use it in in-situ industry inspection.