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1.
The first primary 2‐aminocarba‐closo‐dodecaborates [1‐R‐2‐H2N‐closo‐CB11H10]? (R=H ( 1 ), Ph ( 2 )) have been synthesized by insertion reactions of (Me3Si)2NBCl2 into the trianions [7‐R‐7‐nido‐CB10H10]3?. The difunctionalized species [1,2‐(H2N)2closo‐CB11H10] ( 3 ) and 1‐CyHN‐2‐H3N‐closo‐CB11H10 (H‐ 4 ) have been prepared analogously from (Me3Si)2NBCl2 and 7‐H3N‐7‐nido‐CB10H12. In addition, the preparation of [Et4N][1‐H2N‐2‐Ph‐closo‐CB11H10] ([Et4N]‐ 5 ) starting from PhBCl2 and 7‐H3N‐7‐nido‐CB10H12 is described. Methylation of the [1‐Ph‐2‐H2N‐closo‐CB11H10]? ion ( 2 ) to produce 1‐Ph‐2‐Me3N‐closo‐CB11H10 ( 6 ) is reported. The crystal structures of [Et4N]‐ 2 , [Et4N]‐ 5 , and 6 were determined and the geometric parameters were compared to theoretical values derived from DFT and ab initio calculations. All new compounds were studied by NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy, MALDI mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The discussion of the experimental NMR chemical shifts and of selected vibrational band positions is supported by theoretical data. The thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The pKa values of 2‐H3N‐closo‐CB11H11 (H‐ 1 ), 1‐H3N‐closo‐CB11H10 (H‐ 7 ), and 1,2‐(H3N)2closo‐CB11H10 (H2‐ 3 ) were determined by potentiometric titration and by NMR studies. The experimental results are compared to theoretical data (DFT and ab initio). The basicities of the aminocarba‐closo‐dodecaborates agree well with the spectroscopic and structural properties.  相似文献   

2.
A simple method for the functionalization of closo‐borates [closo‐B10H10]2? ( 1 ), [closo‐1‐CB9H10]? ( 2 ), [closo‐B12H12]2? ( 3 ), [closo‐1‐CB11H12]? ( 4 ), and [3,3′‐Co(1,2‐C2B9H11)2]? ( 5 ) is described. Treatment of the anions and their derivatives with ArI(OAc)2 gave aryliodonium zwitterions, which were sufficiently stable for chromatographic purification. The reactions of these zwitterions with nucleophiles provided facile access to pyridinium, sulfonium, thiol, carbonitrile, acetoxy, and amino derivatives. The synthetic results are augmented by mechanistic considerations.  相似文献   

3.
The anionic gold(I) complexes [1‐(Ph3PAu)‐closo‐1‐CB11H11]? ( 1 ), [1‐(Ph3PAu)‐closo‐1‐CB9H9]? ( 2 ), and [2‐(Ph3PAu)‐closo‐2‐CB9H9]? ( 3 ) with gold–carbon 2c–2e σ bonds have been prepared from [AuCl(PPh3)] and the respective carba‐closo‐borate dianion. The anions have been isolated as their Cs+ salts and the corresponding [Et4N]+ salts were obtained by salt metathesis reactions. The salt Cs‐ 3 isomerizes in the solid state and in solution at elevated temperatures to Cs‐ 2 with ΔHiso=(?75±5) kJ mol?1 (solid state) and ΔH=(118±10) kJ mol?1 (solution). The compounds were characterized by vibrational and multi‐NMR spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The crystal structures of [Et4N]‐ 1 , [Et4N]‐ 2 , and [Et4N]‐ 3 were determined. The bonding parameters, NMR chemical shifts, and the isomerization enthalpy of Cs‐ 3 to Cs‐ 2 are compared to theoretical data.  相似文献   

4.
The potassium salt of the [1‐H2N‐2‐F‐closo‐1‐CB11H10] anion ( 1 ) was obtained from an insertion reaction of Li3[7‐H2N‐nido‐7‐CB10H10] with BF3 · OEt2. Anion 1 was protonated to the neutral species 1‐H3N‐2‐F‐closo‐1‐CB11H10 (H 1 ) and it was iodinated with ICl to the [1‐H2N‐2‐F‐closo‐1‐CB11I10] anion ( 2 ). All species were characterized by multinuclear NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy as well as by elemental analysis. The structure of H 1· (CH3)2CO was studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and the experimentally determined bond lengths are compared to values derived from density functional calculations.  相似文献   

5.
The closo‐dodecaborate [B12H12]2? is degraded at room temperature by oxygen in an acidic aqueous solution in the course of several weeks to give B(OH)3. The degradation is induced by Ag2+ ions, generated from Ag+ by the action of H2S2O8. Oxa‐nido‐dodecaborate(1?) is an intermediate anion, that can be separated from the reaction mixture as [NBzlEt3][OB11H12] after five days in a yield of 18 %. The action of FeCl3 on the closo‐undecaborate [B11H11]2? in an aqueous solution gives either [B22H22]2? (by fusion) or nido‐B11H13(OH)? (by protonation and hydration), depending on the concentration of FeCl3. In acetonitrile, however, [B11H11]2? is transformed into [OB11H12]? by Fe3+ and oxygen. The radical anions [B12H12] ˙ ? and [B11H11] ˙ ? are assumed to be the primary products of the oxidation with the one‐electron oxidants Ag2+ and Fe3+, respectively. These radical anions are subsequently transformed into [OB11H12]? by oxygen. The crystal structure analysis shows that the structure of [OB11H12]? is derived from the hypothetical closo‐oxaborane OB12H12 by removal of the B3 vertex, leaving a non‐planar pentagonal aperture with a three‐coordinate O vertex, as predicted by NMR spectra and theory.  相似文献   

6.
The lithiacarborane [Li?CB11H11]? plays a central role in carborane chemistry, as it is a key intermediate to achieve the selective functionalization of the monocarba‐closo‐dodecaborate [CB11H12]? for applications in various fields. Also, it is an organometallic species of fundamental interest because it represents a 3D analogue of phenyllithium featuring an exo C?Li bond in addition to the delocalized negative endo charge of the spherical cluster. For the first time, the elusive and highly reactive endo/exo formal dianion [CB11H11]2? has been isolated as its lithiate as well as zincate in pure form and fully characterized. DFT calculations corroborate the experimental findings and underscore the remarkably high reactivity of the lithiacarborane. Subsequent derivatizations demonstrate the relevance of its initial clean formation.  相似文献   

7.
The lithiacarborane [Li?CB11H11]? plays a central role in carborane chemistry, as it is a key intermediate to achieve the selective functionalization of the monocarba‐closo‐dodecaborate [CB11H12]? for applications in various fields. Also, it is an organometallic species of fundamental interest because it represents a 3D analogue of phenyllithium featuring an exo C?Li bond in addition to the delocalized negative endo charge of the spherical cluster. For the first time, the elusive and highly reactive endo/exo formal dianion [CB11H11]2? has been isolated as its lithiate as well as zincate in pure form and fully characterized. DFT calculations corroborate the experimental findings and underscore the remarkably high reactivity of the lithiacarborane. Subsequent derivatizations demonstrate the relevance of its initial clean formation.  相似文献   

8.
DFT‐calculations of the geometries of the closo‐anion [B11H11]2– in its ground state and in the transition state of its skeletal rearrangement and of the protonated species [B11H12] in its ground state were performed at the B3LYP/6‐31++G(d,p) level. The corresponding NMR shifts were computed on the basis of the optimized geometry by the GIAO method at the same level. Calculated and observed NMR data are in good agreement and thus prove the structure of [B11H12], previously deduced from 2 D‐NMR spectra. The addition of water, ethanol, and pyridine to [B11H12] at low temperature gave the nido‐species [B11H13(OH)], [B11H13(OEt)], and [B11H12(py)], respectively. The structures of these anions were investigated by NMR methods and the last two of them by crystal structure analyses of appropriate salts. The course of the addition reactions can be rationalized on the basis of the structurally characterized reaction components.  相似文献   

9.
The reaction of germa‐closo‐dodecaborate with oneequivalent of silver halide AgX (X = Cl, Br) leads to the tetrameric1:1 adducts [Et3MeN]8[{AgCl(GeB11H11)}4] ( 1 ) and [Et3MeN]8[{AgBr(GeB11H11)}4] ( 2 ). A cubane‐like structure was determined in the solid state by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The compounds were characterized by crystal structure analysis, 11B NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.  相似文献   

10.
The closo‐stannaborane salt [Rh(PPh3)2‐(nbd)][1‐Me‐1‐closo‐SnB11H11] reacts with H2 in CH2 Cl2 solution to afford the contact ion‐pair Rh(PPh3)2(1‐Me‐closo‐SnB11H11), which has been characterized in solution and the solid state by X‐ray diffraction. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 17:174–180, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/hc.20218  相似文献   

11.
The deprotonation of the nido‐anion [B11H14] by two equivalents of LitBu yields the anion [B11H12]3–. Three observed 11B NMR shifts of this anion in the ratio 1 : 5 : 5 are in agreement with shifts calculated by the GIAO method on the basis of the ab initio computed geometry. The deprotonation can be reversed, giving back [B11H14] via [B11H13]2–. The thermolysis of [Li(thp)x]3[B11H12] in thp at 80 °C leads to the closo‐borate [Li(thp)3]2[B11H11] under elimination of LiH. Anhydrous air transforms [B11H12]3– into the known oxa‐nido‐dodecaborate [OB11H12]. The rhoda‐closo‐dodecaborate [L2RhB11H11]3– is formed from [B11H12]3– and RhL3Cl (L = PPh3).  相似文献   

12.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Cadmium Dodecahydro closo‐Dodecaborate Hexahydrate, Cd(H2O)6[B12H12] Through neutralization of the aqueous free acid (H3O)2[B12H12] with cadmium carbonate (CdCO3) and after isothermic evaporation of the resulting solution, colourless lath‐shaped single crystals of Cd(H2O)6[B12H12] are obtained. Cadmium dodecahydro closo‐dodecaborate hexahydrate crystallizes at room temperature in the monoclinic system (space group: C2/m) with the lattice constants a = 1413.42(9), b = 1439.57(9), c = 749.21(5) pm and β = 97.232(4)° (Z = 4). The crystal structure of Cd(H2O)6[B12H12] can be regarded as a monoclinic distortion variant of the CsCl‐type structure. Two crystallographically different [Cd(H2O)6]2+ octahedra (d(Cd–O) = 227–230 pm) are present which only differ in their relative orientation. The intramolecular bond lengths for the quasi‐icosahedral [B12H12]2? cluster anions range in the intervals usually found for dodecahydro closo‐dodecaborates (d(B–B) = 177–179 pm, d(B–H) = 103–116 pm). The hydrogen atoms of the [B12H12]2? clusters have no direct coordinative influence on the Cd2+ cations. Due to the fact that no “zeolitic” crystal water molecules are present, a stabilization of the lattice takes place mainly via the B–Hδ?···H–O hydrogen bonds.  相似文献   

13.
On the Crystal Structures of the Transition‐Metal(II) Dodecahydro‐closo‐Dodecaborate Hydrates Cu(H2O)5.5[B12H12]·2.5 H2O and Zn(H2O)6[B12H12]·6 H2O By neutralization of an aqueous solution of the free acid (H3O)2[B12H12] with basic copper(II) carbonate or zinc carbonate, blue lath‐shaped single crystals of the octahydrate Cu[B12H12]·8 H2O (≡ Cu(H2O)5.5[B12H12]·2.5 H2O) and colourless face‐rich single crystals of the dodecahydrate Zn[B12H12]·12 H2O (≡ Zn(H2O)6[B12H12]·6 H2O) could be isolated after isothermic evaporation. Copper(II) dodecahydro‐closo‐dodecaborate octahydrate crystallizes at room temperature in the monoclinic system with the non‐centrosymmetric space group Pm (Cu(H2O)5.5[B12H12]·2.5 H2O: a = 768.23(5), b = 1434.48(9), c = 777.31(5) pm, β = 90.894(6)°; Z = 2), whereas zinc dodecahydro‐closo‐dodecaborate dodecahydrate crystallizes cubic in the likewise non‐centrosymmetric space group F23 (Zn(H2O)6[B12H12]·6 H2O: a = 1637.43(9) pm; Z = 8). The crystal structure of Cu(H2O)5.5[B12H12]·2.5 H2O can be described as a monoclinic distortion variant of the CsCl‐type arrangement. As characteristic feature the formation of isolated [Cu2(H2O)11]4+ units as a condensate of two corner‐linked Jahn‐Teller distorted [Cu(H2O)6]2+ octahedra via an oxygen atom of crystal water can be considered. Since “zeolitic” water of hydratation is also present, obviously both classical H–Oδ?···H–O and non‐classical B–Hδ?···H–O hydrogen bonds play a significant role for the stabilization of the structure. A direct coordinative influence of the quasi‐icosahedral [B12H12]2? anions on the Cu2+ cations has not been determined. The zinc compound Zn(H2O)6[B12H12]·6 H2O crystallizes in a NaTl‐type related structure. Two crystallographically different [Zn(H2O)6]2+ octahedra are present, which only differ in their relative orientation within the packing of the [B12H12]2? anions. The stabilization of the crystal structure takes place mainly via H–Oδ?···H–O hydrogen bonds, since again the hydrogen atoms of the [B12H12]2? anions have no direct coordinative influence on the Zn2+ cations.  相似文献   

14.
The bromo‐ and iodoaza‐closo‐dodecaboranes HNB11H10Hal (Hal = Br, I), MeNB11H9Br2, and MeNB11H8Br3 are formed from [NB11H11] and MeNB11H11, respectively, by electrophilic halogenation with elementary halogen in the presence of acidic catalysts. Hydrogen in para‐ or in para‐ and meta‐position with respect to the cluster‐N atom is substituted by halogen. With iodine chloride as halogenation agent, all the 11 boron bound H atoms of MeNB11H11 are substituted to give HNB11Cl5I6 with iodine in the para‐ and meta‐ and chlorine in the ortho‐positions, presumably via electrophilic (I) and nucleophilic substitution (Cl). The products are characterized by their NMR spectra, the product HNB11Cl5I6 also by crystal structure analysis.  相似文献   

15.
The [B12H12]2? anion shows an extensive substitutional chemistry based on its three‐dimensional aromaticity. The replacement of functional groups can be attained by electrophilically induced substitution caused by Brønsted or Lewis acidic electrophiles (e.g. Pt2+). Until now, it was impossible to structurally characterize a metal‐substituted [B12H12]2? cage. When an aqueous solution containing both Bi3+ cations and [B12H12]2? anions was heated, the charge‐neutral bismuth undecahydro‐closo‐dodecaborane BiB12H11 was obtained, representing a new class of metalated [B12H12]2? clusters. The title compound was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopic methods. Compared to the typical B?H bond, the short B?Bi single bond (230 pm) exhibits inverted polarity.  相似文献   

16.
The title compounds, bis­[1,2‐dicarba‐closo‐dodecaboran(12)‐1‐yl]­mercury(II) di­chloro­methane solvate, [Hg(C2B10H11)2]·CH2Cl2, (I), and bis­[1,12‐dicarba‐closo‐dodecaboran(12)‐1‐yl]­mercury(II) tetra­hydro­furan solvate, [Hg(C2B10H11)2]·C4H8O, (II), were prepared in excellent yields using a robust synthetic procedure involving the reaction of HgCl2 with the appropriate monoli­thiocarborane. X‐Ray analysis of the products revealed strong interactions between the Hg atoms in both complexes and the respective lattice solvent. The distances between the HgII centers and the Cl atoms of the dichloromethane solvent molecule in the ortho‐carborane derivative, (I), and the O atom of the tetra­hydro­furan molecule in the para‐carborane complex, (II), are shorter than the sums of the van der Waals radii for Hg and Cl (3.53 Å), and Hg and O (3.13 Å), respectively, indicating moderately strong interactions. There are two crystallographically independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of both compounds, which, in each case, are related by differing relative positions of the cages.  相似文献   

17.
The weakly coordinating anion [Me3NB12Cl11]? has been prepared by a simple two‐step procedure. The anion [Me3NB12Cl11]? is easily obtained in batches of up to 20 g by chlorination of the known [H3NB12H11]? anion with SbCl5 at about 190 °C and subsequent N‐methylation with methyl iodide. Starting from Na[Me3NB12Cl11], several synthetically useful salts with reactive cations ([NO]+, [Ph3C]+, and [(Et3Si)2H]+) were prepared. Full spectroscopic (NMR, IR, Raman, TGA, MS) characterization and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies confirmed the identity and purity of the products. The thermal, chemical, and electrochemical stability as well as the basicity of the [Me3NB12Cl11]? anion is similar to that of the structurally related weakly coordinating 1‐carba‐closo‐dodecaborate and closo‐dodecaborate anions. The facile preparation of the [Me3NB12Cl11]? anion and its ideal chemical and physical properties make it a cheap alternative to other classes of weakly coordinating anions.  相似文献   

18.
The closo‐undecaborate A2[B11H11] (A = NBzlEt3) can be halogenated with excess N‐chlorosuccine imide, bromine or iodine, respectively, to give the perhalo‐closo‐undecaborates A2[B11Hal11] (Hal = Cl, Br, I). The chlorination in the 11 : 1 ratio of the reagents yields A2[B11HCl10], whose subsequent iodination makes A2[B11Cl10I] available. The three type [B11Hal11]2– anions show only one and the two type [B11Cl10X]2– anions (X = H, I) only two 11B NMR peaks in the ratio 10 : 1, thus exhibiting the same degenerate rearrangement of the octadecahedral B11 skeleton as is well‐known for [B11H11]2–. The crystal structure analysis of A2[B11Br11] and A2[B11I11] reveals a rigid octadecahedral skeleton in the solid state, up to 330 K, whose B–B bond lengths deviate more or less from the idealized C2v gas phase structure, but are in good accordance with the distances of A2[B11H11]. Electrochemical experiments elucidate the mechanism of the known oxidation of [B11H11]2– to give [B22H22]2–: A first one‐electron transfer is followed by the dimerization of the [B11H11] monoanion, whereas neutral B11H11, a presumably most reactive species, does not play a role as an intermediate. The electrochemical oxidation of [B11Hal11]2– anions also starts with a one‐electron transfer, which is perfectly reversible only in the case of Hal = Br. There is no electrochemical indication for the formation of [B22Hal22]2–. The neutral species B11Hal11 should be a short‐lived, very reactive species.  相似文献   

19.
Most of the divalent compounds of tin have a lone pair and hence can act as donors. In tin‐transition metal chemistry neutral molecules as well as anions have been studied as ligands. This research report summarizes recent research on coordination compounds with a closo‐heteroborate cage compound stanna‐closo‐dodecaborate [SnB11H11]2?. The syntheses of the first coordination compounds and studies on the ligand abilities of this tin borate are discussed in this article.  相似文献   

20.
Cesium and tetraethylammonium salts of the ethynyl functionalized monocarba-closo-dodecaborate anions [12-HCC-closo-1-CB11H11] and [7,12-(HCC)2-closo-1-CB11H10] were obtained by desilylation of [Et4N][12-Me3SiCC-closo-1-CB11H11] and [Et4N][7,12-(Me3SiCC)2-closo-1-CB11H10], respectively. Their thermal properties were examined by differential scanning calorimetry. The compounds were characterized by multi-NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy, (−)-MALDI mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Single-crystals of Cs[12-HCC-closo-1-CB11H11] and [Et4N][7,12-(HCC)2-closo-1-CB11H10] were studied by X-ray diffraction. The discussion of the spectroscopic and structural properties is supported by data derived from theoretical calculations using density functional theory as well as perturbation theory.  相似文献   

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