Reactions along the astrophysical s-process path and prospects for neutron radiotherapy with the Liquid-Lithium Target (LiLiT) at the Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility (SARAF)

The European Physical Journal A - An empirical formula is proposed for the two-proton decay half-lives. This study is an extension of the empirical formula reported recently by us for calculating...     

Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility — status and plans for the near future

The Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility is described. Utilizing the isotope separator on-line technique, this new user facility is coming on-line at the end of 1996. A new experimental endstation centered around the Recoil Mass Spectrometer is also described. Recent data taken on ⁷⁴Rb and ⁷⁵Rb is also presented.     

The Industrial Research Program at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility: The Past,the Present,and Challenges for the Future

The challenge of harnessing the power of third-generation synchrotron sources for industrial R&D has been taken up by the ESRF ever since the first users arrived in 1994. However, working with industry has its own special requirements, and often mismatches and clashes between a traditional scientific “ivory tower” culture and the needs of the market-driven commercial world. After more than 15 years of industrial research at the ESRF, during which strong industrial programs in protein crystallography and microtomography have been established, we continue to build bridges between the two worlds.     

The Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) process: origins and future directions

This review discusses the origins and evolution of the MAPLE technique as it started as an alternative to spray coating of thin films for chemical vapor sensors. It describes its numerous applications for the deposition of thin films of polymeric, organic and biomaterials for various applications. This is followed by an overview of several new variations of the MAPLE technique. This review concludes with an outlook on the future of this highly versatile and successful vapor deposition process.     

Sonochemistry and sonoprocessing: the link,the trends and (probably) the future

Traditionally the community of scientists involved with ultrasound has been divided broadly into those who use it as a measurement device with no effect on the medium (high frequency low power ultrasound e.g. non-destructive testing) and those who use it to produce physical or chemical effects in a medium (higher power low frequency ultrasound e.g. sonochemistry). Divisions also exist within the broad spectrum of those involved with the latter. In the early days of sonochemistry this did not prove to be a major problem, the subject was new and the field was expanding within the chemistry community. However at a point some years ago Jean-Louis Luche made the very important observation that sonochemistry applications could be subdivided into reactions which were the result of "true" and "false" effects [Synthetic Organic Chemistry by J.-L. Luche, 1998, p. 376]. Essentially these terms referred to real chemical effects induced by cavitation and those effects that could be mainly ascribed to the mechanical impact of bubble collapse. These mechanical effects have not held the interest of synthetic chemists as much as the so-called true ones but nevertheless they are certainly important in areas such as processing. In this paper I will attempt to show that there are links that can be made across many of the ultrasound "disciplines" and that these links can only serve to strengthen research in the general area of power ultrasound. If research on power ultrasound is strong then research into "pure" sonochemistry will also flourish and "false" sonochemistry will be born again as a significant research area.     

点火内爆靶辐射驱动不对称性全过程数值模拟

为满足分层掺杂点火内爆靶辐射驱动不对称性全过程物理分析的需求,在激光聚变二维总体程序LARED集成上发展了辐射输运建模下的多介质ALE方法-RTALE(Radiative Transfer Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian)。为提高多介质ALE方法的健壮性,发展了驰豫网格重构算法,该重构算法生成的新网格能自适应流场的变化。数值模拟了激波与气柱相互作用的RM不稳定性实验,模拟的气泡变形程度与试验结果基本一致,其中驰豫网格重构算法中的驰豫因子能够很好地反映流场密度梯度。基于辐射多群输运建模的LARED集成程序能够完整模拟辐射驱动不对称性条件下掺杂点火靶二维内爆过程,克服了传统ALE方法计算不下去和算不好的困难,界面变形程度也符合物理分析。     

Applied Physics A 53, no. 3 (1991)

Applied Physics A 53, no. 3 (1991)     

Applied Physics A 49, no. 2 (1989)

Applied Physics A 49, no. 2 (1989)     

基于偏振干涉成像光谱仪的视场增强和相位热漂移补偿关键技术的研究

偏振干涉成像光谱技术以傅里叶变换光谱学为理论基础,以一系列起偏/检骗器、剪切分束器和延时晶体等双折射晶体材料为主要结构,较之传统光栅式色散型光谱仪具有多通道、图谱合一、大光通量、高信噪比和抗环境振动干扰等一系列优点,并且结合多普勒光谱学相关原理和技术,已被广泛应用在各种天文学和天体物理学测试与计量领域如空间遥感、视向速度、宇航飞行、月球探测等。但是许多前人研究工作中仍然存在两个尚未妥善解决的问题：(1) 视场受限。普通型偏振干涉成像光谱仪存在远场条纹的弯曲而使系统视场角限制在±2°以内,严重影响傅里叶变换后的光谱重构精度;(2) 相位热漂移。晶体的热胀冷缩和双折射率之差随温度变化的特性导致像面干涉条纹发生随机抖动误差,将严重影响以多普勒频移为原理的视向速度等测量精度。因此,首先引入一块半波片构成增强型的Savart剪切分束器实现主动的视场展宽,可以使增强后的观察视场角达到±10°左右。这一改进不仅提高了傅里叶光谱变换的算法精度,同时也大幅增加光通量从而实现对微光光谱进行高信噪比的探测与标定。另外,为了消除环境温度造成的相位热漂移误差,选用偏硼酸钡(α-BBO)和铌酸锂(LiNbO₃)两种晶体进行精密组合匹配。该关键技术利用这两种晶体的双折射率之差随温度变化的相反特性,从而实现相位热漂移误差补偿。实验证明,在实验室环境温度下热相位漂移误差不超过0.02 rad。通过这些方案改善偏振干涉成像光谱仪的测试精度,拟实现对天文光梳以及其他大型天文光谱仪器快速而精确的标定与测试。     

Theoretical studies at the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP, Moscow): Past, present, and future

Basic results obtained by theorical physicists at the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP, Moscow) over the 60 years of its existence are reviewed.     

Application of intense ion beams to planetary physics research at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research facility

This paper presents detailed 2D hydrodynamic simulations of implosion of a multi‐layered cylindrical target that is driven by an intense uranium beam. The target is comprised of a thick, high‐Z, high‐ρ cylindrical shell that encloses a sample material (Fe in the present case). Two options have been used for the focal spot geometry: an annular form and a circular form. The purpose of this work is to show that an intense heavy‐ion beam can induce the extreme physical conditions in the sample material similar to those that exist in the planetary cores. In this study, we use parameters of the beam that will be generated at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR), Darmstadt, in a few years' time. Production of these high‐energy‐density (HED) samples will allow us to study planetary physics in the laboratory. It is to be noted that planetary physics research is an important part of the FAIR HED physics program. A dedicated experiment named LAboratory PLAnetary Sciences (LAPLAS) has been proposed for this purpose. These simulations show that in such experiments an Fe sample can be imploded to the Earth's core conditions and to those in more massive rocky planets called Super‐Earths. Similarly, implosion of hydrogen and water samples will generate the core conditions of solar and extrasolar hydrogen‐rich gas giants and water‐rich icy planets, respectively. The LAPLAS experiments will thus provide very valuable information on the equation of state and transport properties of matter under extreme physical conditions, which will help scientists understand the structure and evolution of the planets in our solar system as well as of the extrasolar planets.     

The ISIS pulsed muon facility: Past,present and future

The pulsed muon facility at ISIS of the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has been operational since March 1987. It is now fully scheduled for condensed matter research using polarised surface muons, atomic physics with sub-surface muons, and μCF experiments requiring negative cloud muons. The design and performance of the present beam are briefly discussed and recent improvements to the facility are described. Essential future upgrades have recently received international support and funding, which will lead to a complete facility comparable in extent to those of the continuous meson factories at PSI and TRIUMF, but with the unique advantages of the pulsed nature of the source. Such an upgraded facility will provide unprecedented opportunities for muon science at ISIS, unmatched by any other facility until the end of the decade.     

我国声表面波研究与发展

本文综述了我国声表面波研究简要发展历程及现状,指出了今后我国声表面波研究发展的重点。     

Technical Report: UV and VUV Radiometry Programs at the Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility (SURF III)

The fourth international workshop on Adaptive and Active X-ray &; XUV Optics (ACTOP11) was held on April 4–5, 2011, at Diamond Light Source in Oxfordshire, UK. This workshop follows on from earlier, successful active optic events at SOLEIL (2006), Elettra (2008), and Osaka (2009).