两带超导体LaNiC_2上临界磁场的理论分析

非中心对称超导体LaNiC_2是传统BCS超导体还是能隙存在节点又或是两带超导体,目前仍然存在争议.基于此,文章用两带Ginzburg-Landau理论分析了超导体LaNiC_2的上临界磁场随温度的变化关系,计算结果与实验结果在整个温度区间内符合得很好,说明LaNiC_2是两带超导体,和陈健等人的观点一致.文章还分析了两个不同能带对上临界磁场的影响,发现相对较小的相干长度对LaNiC_2的上临界磁场影响较大.     

B and Pt NMR study of the superconductors Li2(Pd1−xPtx)3B without inversion symmetry

We report the ¹¹B and ¹⁹⁵Pt NMR measurements in non-centrosymmetric superconductors Li₂(Pd_1−xPt_x)₃B (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0). From the measurements of spin–lattice relaxation time (T₁), we found that there was a coherence peak (CP) just below superconducting transition temperature (T_c) for x = 0–0.5 but no CP in x = 1. We demonstrated that the system for x = 0–0.5 were BCS superconductors but there existed line node in the superconducting gap for x = 1.0. The ¹⁹⁵Pt Knight Shift in x = 0.2 decreased below T_c, indicating spin-singlet state. The results showed that BCS superconducting state evolves into an exotic state with line-nodes in the gap function when x is increased, as the spin–orbit coupling is enhanced.     

Anomalous upper critical field in ternary iron-silicide superconductor Lu2Fe3Si5

We report the upper critical field H_c2 in a ternary iron-silicide superconductor Lu₂Fe₃Si₅ with T_c  6 K obtained by the resistivity measurements. We find that H_c2 increases linearly with decreasing temperature down to T_c/3, and H_c2(T = 0) exceeds the orbital depairing field described by the Werthamer–Helfand–Hohenberg theory. We also find that the anisotropy of H_c2 is nearly independent of temperature and the angular dependence of H_c2 is well-described by the anisotropic Ginzburg–Landau model. These results strongly indicate the presence of two distinct superconducting gaps in Lu₂Fe₃Si₅ although the behavior is slightly different from that of the typical two-gap superconductor MgB₂.     

新型超导体MgB2和MgCNi3热、电输运性质研究

报道了两种新型超导体MgB₂,MgCNi₃和氧化物高温超导体Bi_{2< /sub>Sr2Ca0.9Ce0.1Cu2O8+y 的热导率-温度关系和电阻率-温度关系.实验发现氧化物高温超导 体在进入超导态后热导有所上升，出现极大值后再下降，而MgB2和MgCNi3 则单调下降. 由Wiedemann-Fra 关键词： 热导率 超导体 2}')" href="#">MgB₂ 3')" href="#">MgCNi₃     

Suppression of antiferromagnetic spin fluctuation in Zn-substituted YBa2Cu3O7

We have prepared Zn-substituted YBa₂Cu_3−xZn_xO₇ (YBCO, x=0.0–0.09) and performed ^63,65Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements for the plane site at 300 and 100 K as a function of Zn concentration. The substitutional effects are observed in resonant frequencies and linewidths of spectra, and relaxation times as well as in the superconducting transition temperature. The spin–lattice relaxation rate 1/T₁ is reduced for the higher Zn concentration and the reduction is more significant at 100 K. The ratio of ^63,65Cu spin–lattice relaxation rates suggests that a magnetic contribution due to the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuation becomes weak as the Zn concentration increases. These effects confirm that the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuation of Cu 3d spins is suppressed by the Zn substitution due to the absence of local moment at the zinc site.     

Mean-field calculations on the magnetic properties of the two-gap superconductor Lu2Fe3Si5

Based on Ginzburg-Landau theory, we study the temperature dependence of upper critical field and London penetration depth for the superconducting crystal Lu₂Fe₃Si₅. All the results fit the experimental data well. We also indicate that the larger gap opens in the quasi-one-dimensional part of Fermi surfaces.     

Re_3W的点接触安德烈夫反射谱研究

本文通过对不同晶体结构Re_3W样品的点接触测量和对比研究,证实具有中心对称结构和非中心对称结构的Re_3W都是弱耦合Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer超导体,同时发现在两个相表面都可以形成很理想的点接触结,即电子通过界面时受到的非弹性散射很弱.将Re_3W样品置于大气环境近六个月后重新进行测量,仍然能够得到类似的结果,表明Re_3W具有很好的稳定性. Re_3W的这种优良特性,不仅可通过点接触实验得到的参数推算出Re_3W两个相的费米速度,而且提供了一种简单的方法,可以在点接触实验中利用Re_3W来印证针尖材料的费米速度和测量其自旋极化率等.作为尝试,本文用Re_3W/Ni点接触结测量了铁磁性金属Ni的自旋极化率,得到了与前人报道一致的结果.     

Spontaneous Josephson spin current in triplet superconductor/ferromagnet/triplet superconductor junctions

This paper theoretically studies Josephson spin current through triplet superconductor/ferromagnet/triplet superconductor junctions. At the ferromagnet/superconductor interfaces, the ferromagnetic scattering potential gives rise to coupling between the Andreev bound states and lifts their spin degeneracy. These spin-split Andreev states carry the Josephson spin current through the junctions. The generated spin supercurrent can be controlled by the magnetization of a ferromagnetic thin layer and bias voltage across the junctions.     

Higher-order elastic constants of La1.84Sr0.16CuO4 high-temperature superconductor

Finite deformation theory is used to obtain the strain energy density of a tetragonal 2–1–4-type single crystal of the high-temperature superconductor La_2−xSr_xCuO₄. The complete set of second and third-order elastic constants of the high-temperature superconductor La_2−xSr_xCuO₄ (x = 0.16) is calculated by taking into account the interactions between nine nearest-neighbour atoms in the lattice and using Mie–Grüneisen interatomic potential. For the sake of comparison we have also computed the values of these constants for x = 0.13–0.20. The values of third-order elastic constants of La_2−xSr_xCuO₄ (x = 0.13–0.20) are negative and their absolute magnitudes are one order higher than those of the second-order elastic constants.     

Observation of long-range magnetic ordering in the proposed spin-singlet state of Hg2Ru2O7

The magnetic ground-state of the pyrochlore material Hg₂Ru₂O₇, which undergoes a metal to Mott insulator transition (MIT) at T=107 K, was investigated using muon spin relaxation and neutron powder diffraction (both non-polarized and polarized) measurements. Unlike the expected behavior associated with a spin-singlet ground-state, these surprisingly revealed the onset of long-range magnetic ordering below the MIT.     

晶粒细化对MgB_2超导临界电流密度的作用

在多晶系统的MgB2超导体中存在晶粒间较小的整体电流和晶粒内大的局域电流.用改变升温速率的方法制备了不同晶粒大小和晶粒连接性的MgB2样品,并对它们的晶粒大小进行了统计.采用一种测量超导临界电流密度的Campbell法,分别测量和计算得到了它们的整体电流和局域电流密度.研究表明:长时间的烧结造成晶粒变大,材料有较大的整体临界电流密度,而短时间烧结的样品则相反;同时发现晶粒细化只提高了样品的局域临界电流密度,而且样品内部缺陷、杂质及晶界等因素是影响MgB2超导体整体电流传输的主要因素.     

Rapid preparation of Mg（B1-xCx）2 superconductor using hybrid microwave method

The crystal structure and the superconductivity for samples Mg（B1-xCx）2 （0〈 x 〈0.09） prepared by a hybrid microwave synthesis have been investigated. The starting material B10C is also obtained by using the microwave method. The carbon can distribute uniformly in the Mg（B1-xCx）2 samples because boron and carbon are mixed on an atomic scale in the staring material B10C. The dependences of both lattice parameters and superconducting transition temperature Tc on carbon content accord with those reported in the literature. The upper critical field He2 at 20 K can be enhanced from about 4.3 T for x = 0 to 10 T for x = 0.05. The critical current density Jc of Mg（B0.95 C0.05）2 is 1.05×10^4 A/cm^2 at 20 K and 1 T.     

铁基超导体Li0.8Fe0.2ODFeSe的红外光谱研究

测量和研究了铁基超导体Li_0.8Fe_0.2ODFeSe单晶的红外光学响应,发现室温下光电导率谱不存在Drude分量,载流子具有非相干输运行为.随着温度降低,Drude分量形成并不断变窄,同时在相应的反射率谱上出现清晰的等离子体边,表明散射率急剧降低.在最低温度,观察到超导能隙形成导致的光谱变化,光电导率谱在160 cm^-1以下受到显著压制.对比FeSe单晶的光谱数据,发现整体的光电导率谱型很相似,但自由载流子的谱重更低,揭示出样品具有更低的载流子浓度.另外还观察到温度变化诱导的谱重由低频向高频区域转移的现象,表明其存在强关联效应.     

Al2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2三相复合陶瓷的介电谱研究

采用传统的固相反应法,在1400–1500 ℃下烧结,制备得到Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃-ZrO₂三相复合陶瓷.样品的结构、形貌和电性能分别用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及介电谱表征.XRD表明此三相复合体系无其他杂相,加入Y₂O₃及ZrO₂后使得Al₂O₃成瓷温度降低;SEM表明此体系晶粒直径为200–500 nm,并且样品随烧结温度的升高而变得更加致密,晶界更加清晰;介电损耗谱中出现峰值弛豫现象,根据Cole-Cole复阻抗谱得出其为非德拜弛豫. 关键词： 2O₃-Y₂O₃-ZrO₂三相陶瓷')" href="#">Al₂O₃-Y₂O₃-ZrO₂三相陶瓷 介电弛豫 阻抗谱 热导率     

Hyperfine interaction in Co2SiO4 investigated by high resolution neutron spectroscopy

We have investigated the hyperfine interaction in Co₂SiO₄ by inelastic neutron scattering with a high resolution back-scattering neutron spectrometer. The energy spectrum measured from a Co₂SiO₄ powder sample revealed inelastic peaks at at T=3.5 K on both energy gain and energy loss sides. The inelastic peaks move gradually towards lower energy with increasing temperature and finally merge with the elastic peak at the electronic magnetic ordering temperature . The inelastic peaks have been interpreted to be due to the transition between hyperfine-split nuclear level of the ⁵⁹Co isotopes with spin . The temperature dependence of the energy of the inelastic peak in Co₂SiO₄ showed that this energy can be considered to be the order parameter of the antiferromagnetic phase transition. The determined hyperfine splitting in Co₂SiO₄ deviates from the linear relationship between the ordered electronic magnetic moment and the hyperfine splitting in Co, Co-P amorphous alloys and CoO presumably due to the presence of unquenched orbital moment. These results are very similar to those of CoF₂ recently reported by Chatterji and Schneider [7].     

Superconductivity in Mo5SiB2

In the Mo-Si binary system, Mo₅Si₃ crystallizes in the W₅Si₃ (T₁ phase) structure type. However, when boron replaces silicon in this compound, a structural transition occurs from the W₅Si₃ prototype structure to the Cr₅B₃ prototype structure (T₂ phase) at the composition Mo₅SiB₂. Mo₅SiB₂ has received much attention in the literature as a candidate for structural application in high-temperature turbines, but its electronic and magnetic behavior has not been explored. In this work, we show that Mo₅SiB₂ is a bulk superconducting material with critical temperature close to 5.8 K. The specific-heat, resistivity and magnetization measurements reveal that this material is a conventional type II BCS superconductor.     

关于MgB2/Al2O3超导薄膜电阻转变和各向异性的研究

利用电子束蒸发方法将MgB₂超导薄膜沉积到Al₂O₃(001)衬底上.采用标准的四引线法研究了磁场平行和垂直超导薄膜ab平面下的电阻转变.一个激活能模型 U(T,H)=U₀(1-T/(T_c+δ))ⁿ(1-H/H 关键词： 2/Al₂O₃')" href="#">MgB₂/Al₂O₃ 超导体 电阻转变 各向异性     

铁基超导体FeSe0.5Te0.5表面隧道谱的研究

用扫描隧道显微镜/谱仪仔细研究了铁基超导单晶FeSe_0.5Te_0.5样品的表面形貌和隧道谱, 测量到了清晰的表面原子形貌和在空间比较稳定的隧道谱结构．在样品中测量的隧道谱零能态密度比较高, 说明样品里面有比较强的非弹性准粒子散射. 在正能5 mV附近有个较大的背景鼓包, 这一背景在很高温度也未消失. 空间中Se和Te集中的位置会带来高能背景的变化, 超导能隙附近谱的形状大致相同. 较强的非弹性准粒子散射破坏了超导的准粒子散射, 因此没有在二维微分电导图中发现超导准粒子相干散射的特征亮斑.     

Bulk MgB2 superconductor with high critical current density synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method

Pure MgBMgB2 超导体 临界密度 自我传播 预热温度 超导电性SHS method, bulk MgB₂ superconductor, superconductivityProject supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu province of China (Grant No ZS032-B25-019).2005-03-187/2/2005 12:00:00 AMPure MgB2 bulk samples are successfully synthesized by self-propagatlng hlgh-temperature synthesis （SHS） method. The experiments show that the best preheating temperature is 250℃, the highest Jc values of the prepared MgB2 reach 1.5×10^6A/cm^2 （10K, 0.5T） and 1.7×10^6A/cm^2 （20K, 0T）, and the MgB2 particle sizes range from 2 to 5μm. The advantages of this method are that it is simple, economical and suitable for the manufacture of bulk MgB2 materials on industrial scale.     

Synthesis of superconductor MgCNi3 with carbon nanotubes

MgCNi3, an intermetallic compound superconductor with a cubic perovskite crystal structure, has been synthesized using fine Mg and Ni powders and carbon nanotubes （CNTs） as starting materials by the conventional powder metallurgy method. The composition, microstructure and superconductivity are characterized using x-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy dispersive x-ray （EDX） analysis, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and superconducting quantum interference device （SQUID） magnetometer. The results indicate that the phases of the synthesized samples are MgCNi3 （major phase） and traces of C and MgO. The MgCNi3 particle sizes range from several hundreds of nanometres to several micrometres. The onset superconducting transition temperature Tc of the MgCNi3 sample is about 7.2 K. The critical current density Jc is about 3.44 × 10^4 A/cm^2 calculated according to the Bean model from the magnetization hysteresis loop of the slab MgCNi3 sample at 5 K and zero applied field.